{"id":99340,"date":"2017-06-15T17:22:40","date_gmt":"2017-06-15T16:22:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=99340"},"modified":"2017-06-15T17:22:40","modified_gmt":"2017-06-15T16:22:40","slug":"pravo-na-vasi-strane-kdy-zamestnavatel-neuzna-pracovni-uraz-a-na-co-si-dat-v-teto-souvislosti-pozor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=99340","title":{"rendered":"PR\u00c1VO NA VA\u0160\u00cd STRAN\u011a: Kdy zam\u011bstnavatel neuzn\u00e1 pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz a na co si d\u00e1t v t\u00e9to souvislosti pozor"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Praha (PROTEXT) – Ze statistik spole\u010dnosti Va\u0161e n\u00e1roky.cz, kter\u00e1 se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00edm za pracovn\u00ed \u00farazy, vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee probl\u00e9m\u016f s neuznan\u00fdmi pracovn\u00edmi \u00farazy v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b p\u0159ib\u00fdv\u00e1. Zam\u011bstnavatel\u00e9 \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v\u00fdmluvy a ze sv\u00fdch povinnost\u00ed se sna\u017e\u00ed vyvl\u00e9ct, n\u011bkdy je ale chyba i na stran\u011b zam\u011bstnance. Z jak\u00e9ho d\u016fvodu nejsou pracovn\u00ed \u00farazy nej\u010dast\u011bji uzn\u00e1ny, kdy zam\u011bstnavatel m\u016f\u017ee jednat \u00fa\u010deln\u011b a jak v takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b postupovat? Rad\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00edk Petr Nov\u00e1k ze spole\u010dnosti Va\u0161e n\u00e1roky.cz<\/h6>\n

Zran\u00ed-li se zam\u011bstnanec p\u0159i v\u00fdkonu pracovn\u00edch povinnost\u00ed a stane-li se \u00faraz nez\u00e1visle na jeho v\u016fli, lze jej pova\u017eovat za pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz. Pokud jsou spln\u011bny z\u00e1kladn\u00ed podm\u00ednky, m\u00e1 v takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b zam\u011bstnanec ze z\u00e1kona n\u00e1rok na od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Kdy nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt \u00faraz uzn\u00e1n jako pracovn\u00ed?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201ePrvn\u00ed v\u011bc, kterou bude p\u0159i evidenci \u00farazu zam\u011bstnavatel \u0159e\u0161it, je, zda m\u011bl zam\u011bstnavatel nap\u0159. rukavice, br\u00fdle, helmu \u010di dal\u0161\u00ed povinn\u00e9 ochrann\u00e9 pom\u016fcky a zda byl st\u0159\u00edzliv\u00fd,\u201c<\/em> vysv\u011btluje pr\u00e1vn\u00edk Nov\u00e1k. No\u0161en\u00ed a pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed ochrann\u00fdch pom\u016fcek se \u010dasto zanedb\u00e1v\u00e1 pro jejich nepohodlnost, absence n\u011bkter\u00e9ho ochrann\u00e9ho prost\u0159edku v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit, \u017ee zam\u011bstnavatel nebude povinen zaplatit za pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz ani korunu. Stejn\u00e1 situace nastane, pokud bude zji\u0161t\u011bno, \u017ee se zam\u011bstnanec zranil, kdy\u017e byl pod vlivem alkoholu \u010di drog. Zda v\u0161ak zam\u011bstnanec skute\u010dn\u011b poru\u0161il bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed p\u0159edpisy \u010di byl pod vlivem n\u00e1vykov\u00fdch l\u00e1tek, mus\u00ed prok\u00e1zat zam\u011bstnavatel. Pokud tak neu\u010din\u00ed, \u00faraz by m\u011bl b\u00fdt uzn\u00e1n jako pracovn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

D\u00e1le se \u0159e\u0161\u00ed, zda si zam\u011bstnanec nezp\u016fsobil \u00faraz svou lehkov\u00e1\u017enost\u00ed, to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee nedo\u0161lo k zanedb\u00e1n\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f, ale zam\u011bstnanec se evidentn\u011b vystavoval riziku zran\u011bn\u00ed. \u201eV praxi tato situace m\u016f\u017ee vypadat tak, \u017ee se zam\u011bstnanec pokus\u00ed s\u00e1m zvednout t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 b\u0159emeno nap\u0159. stokilovou c\u00edvku a poran\u00ed si p\u0159itom p\u00e1te\u0159 nebo z\u00e1dov\u00e9 svaly,\u201c<\/em> d\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edklad pr\u00e1vn\u00edk. V takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b by zam\u011bstnavatel mohl nam\u00edtat, \u017ee se zam\u011bstnanec evidentn\u011b vystavil nebezpe\u010d\u00ed a nepo\u010d\u00ednal si tak, aby se sna\u017eil zran\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159edej\u00edt. Jin\u00e1 situace by v\u0161ak nastala, kdyby zam\u011bstnavatel zam\u011bstnanci \u010dinnost, p\u0159i kter\u00e9 se zranil, na\u0159\u00eddil.<\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpadem, kdy zam\u011bstnavatel\u00e9 pracovn\u00ed \u00farazy \u010dasto neuzn\u00e1vaj\u00ed, je situace, kdy se zam\u011bstnanec zran\u00ed p\u0159i \u010dinnosti, kter\u00e1 nesouvis\u00ed s jeho pracovn\u00ed pozic\u00ed. \u201eRe\u00e1ln\u00e1 situace m\u016f\u017ee vypadat tak, \u017ee se vr\u00e1tn\u00fd rozhodne pomoci pan\u00ed, kter\u00e9 spadl prst\u00fdnek do v\u00fdtahov\u00e9 \u0161achty, p\u0159i lezen\u00ed po \u017eeb\u0159\u00edku do \u0161achty spadne a zlom\u00ed si nohu. V takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b zam\u011bstnavatel m\u016f\u017ee nam\u00edtnout, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o \u010dinnost, kter\u00e1 nijak nesouvis\u00ed s jeho n\u00e1pln\u00ed pr\u00e1ce,\u201c<\/em> vysv\u011btluje advok\u00e1t. Tyto p\u0159\u00edpady v\u0161ak b\u00fdvaj\u00ed velmi sporn\u00e9 a z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na tom, co m\u00e1 zam\u011bstnanec p\u0159esn\u011b v popisu pr\u00e1ce. Zam\u011bstnavatel\u00e9 \u010dasto nam\u00edtaj\u00ed, \u017ee \u00faraz nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt uzn\u00e1n, proto\u017ee zam\u011bstnanec nem\u00e1 \u010dinnost ve sv\u00e9m popisu pr\u00e1ce, pokud ji v\u0161ak \u0161\u00e9f sv\u00e9mu zam\u011bstnanci p\u0159\u00edmo na\u0159\u00eddil, m\u00e1 n\u00e1rok na od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na \u010dase a m\u00edstu<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pro uzn\u00e1n\u00ed pracovn\u00edho \u00farazu je tak\u00e9 kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9, kde p\u0159esn\u011b se stal a kdy. Aby \u0161lo o pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz, mus\u00ed se odehr\u00e1t v are\u00e1lu pracovi\u0161t\u011b a v pracovn\u00ed dob\u011b, av\u0161ak pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz m\u016f\u017ee vzniknout i p\u0159ed n\u00ed \u010di po n\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i p\u0159evl\u00e9k\u00e1n\u00ed do pracovn\u00edho od\u011bvu. \u201eZam\u011bstnavatele se \u010dasto vymlouvaj\u00ed na to, \u017ee pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz se stal p\u0159ed za\u010d\u00e1tkem pracovn\u00ed doby. Ned\u00e1vno jsme nap\u0159\u00edklad \u0159e\u0161ili p\u0159\u00edpad, kdy se zam\u011bstnankyn\u011b zranila na schodech, kdy\u017e z \u0161atny 5 minut p\u0159ed za\u010d\u00e1tkem sm\u011bny p\u0159ech\u00e1zela na pracovi\u0161t\u011b. Jeliko\u017e se v\u0161ak jednalo o \u010dinnost, kter\u00e1 byla v p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 souvislosti s prac\u00ed, a nav\u00edc ke zran\u011bn\u00ed do\u0161lo v budov\u011b zam\u011bstnavatele, jej\u00ed n\u00e1rok na od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed byl opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fd,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 pr\u00e1vn\u00edk Nov\u00e1k. Pokud by se v\u0161ak \u00faraz stal p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edchodu do pr\u00e1ce p\u0159ed pozemkem zam\u011bstnavatele, zam\u011bstnavatel by mohl opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u011b nam\u00edtat, \u017ee se o pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz nejedn\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Jak p\u0159i pracovn\u00edm \u00farazu postupovat?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je, aby bezprost\u0159edn\u011b po pracovn\u00edm \u00farazu do\u0161lo k nahl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed pracovn\u00edho \u00farazu nad\u0159\u00edzen\u00e9mu. N\u00e1sledn\u011b pak mus\u00ed doj\u00edt k evidenci pracovn\u00edho \u00farazu do knihy \u00faraz\u016f, kterou mus\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fd zam\u011bstnavatel ze z\u00e1kona v\u00e9st.<\/p>\n

V praxi se ob\u010das st\u00e1vaj\u00ed situace, kdy se zam\u011bstnanci stane drobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u00faraz \u2013 pra\u0161t\u00ed se do ruky, zvrtne se mu noha na schodech apod. \u2013 a rozhodne se, \u017ee to tzv. \u201erozchod\u00ed\u201c a bezprost\u0159edn\u011b z\u00e1le\u017eitost nijak ne\u0159e\u0161\u00ed. Teprve pozd\u011bji zjist\u00ed, \u017ee se nejednalo o banalitu, \u017ee bude m\u011bs\u00edc v neschopnosti, a sna\u017e\u00ed se \u0159e\u0161it se zam\u011bstnavatelem pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz, \u010dasto v\u0161ak ji\u017e ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b. \u201eDoporu\u010duji ka\u017ed\u00fd pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz preventivn\u011b ohl\u00e1sit, evidence do knihy \u00faraz\u016f trv\u00e1 n\u011bkolik minut a m\u016f\u017eete se vyhnout spoust\u011b probl\u00e9m\u016f,\u201c <\/em>rad\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00edk.<\/p>\n

D\u00e1le je pot\u0159eba zajistit si u o\u0161et\u0159uj\u00edc\u00edho l\u00e9ka\u0159e bodov\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed bolestn\u00e9ho, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b v\u00fdpo\u010det zt\u00ed\u017een\u00ed spole\u010densk\u00e9ho uplatn\u011bn\u00ed. S dolo\u017een\u00edm v\u0161ech dokument\u016f pak zam\u011bstnanec m\u016f\u017ee zam\u011bstnavatele po\u017e\u00e1dat o vyplacen\u00ed od\u0161kodn\u00e9ho, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee obsahovat bolestn\u00e9, n\u00e1hradu za zt\u00ed\u017een\u00ed spole\u010densk\u00e9ho uplatn\u011bn\u00ed, n\u00e1hradu ztr\u00e1ty na v\u00fdd\u011blku, n\u00e1hradu vynalo\u017een\u00fdch n\u00e1klad\u016f \u010di v\u011bcn\u00e9 \u0161kody.<\/p>\n

Jestli\u017ee zam\u011bstnavatel odm\u00edt\u00e1 pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz uznat, nebo nechce vyplatit od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee se po\u0161kozen\u00fd obr\u00e1tit na pr\u00e1vn\u00edka, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b na soud.<\/p>\n

Pr\u00e1vn\u00edk pom\u016f\u017ee<\/strong><\/p>\n

Probl\u00e9my s uzn\u00e1n\u00edm pracovn\u00edho \u00farazu si pro\u0161la i Hana Kornasov\u00e1, kter\u00e1 p\u0159i prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed \u00faklidu zvedla kbel\u00edk s vodou a zranila se p\u0159i tom. \u201eV\u0161echno jsem hned nahl\u00e1sila z\u00e1stupci vedouc\u00edho a nechala se o\u0161et\u0159it v nemocnici. Pozd\u011bji jsem musela absolvovat operaci ramene a byla n\u011bkolik m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f v pracovn\u00ed neschopnosti,\u201c<\/em> popisuje pan\u00ed Kornasov\u00e1. Zam\u011bstnavatel j\u00ed nejprve n\u00e1hradu mzdy p\u0159iznal, pozd\u011bji v\u0161ak sv\u00e9 stanovisko upravil a p\u0159iznal j\u00ed n\u00e1rok jen za necel\u00e9 dva m\u011bs\u00edce. Bolestn\u00e9 j\u00ed p\u0159itom nep\u0159iznal \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9. \u201eZam\u011bstnavatel na m\u00e9 urgence nereagoval. Nev\u011bd\u011bla jsem si rady, proto jsem se nakonec obr\u00e1tila na pr\u00e1vn\u00edka, pana Nov\u00e1ka,\u201c<\/em> popisuje Kornasov\u00e1.<\/p>\n

\u201eP\u0159\u00edpad pan\u00ed Kornasov\u00e9 se nakonec poda\u0159ilo vy\u0159e\u0161it bez nutnosti pod\u00e1n\u00ed \u017ealoby, u 70 % p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, kter\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161\u00edme, je v\u0161ak nutn\u00e9 dom\u00e1hat se n\u00e1roku na od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed u soudu,\u201c<\/em> komentuje pr\u00e1vn\u00edk. Po\u010det neuznan\u00fdch pracovn\u00edch \u00faraz\u016f nav\u00edc p\u0159ib\u00fdv\u00e1, vypl\u00fdv\u00e1 to alespo\u0148 z po\u010dtu zadan\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f u spole\u010dnosti Va\u0161e n\u00e1roky.cz. \u201eOd roku 2014 se po\u010det po\u0161kozen\u00fdch, kte\u0159\u00ed se na n\u00e1s s neuznan\u00fdm pracovn\u00ed \u00farazem obr\u00e1tili, ztrojn\u00e1sobil,\u201c<\/em> uzav\u00edr\u00e1 \u0159editel spole\u010dnosti Ing. Oto Strmiska.<\/p>\n

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O Va\u0161e n\u00e1roky.cz<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Spole\u010dnost Va\u0161e n\u00e1roky.cz zaji\u0161\u0165uje finan\u010dn\u00ed od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed, na kter\u00e9 m\u00e1 ob\u010dan n\u00e1rok v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee se stal ob\u011bt\u00ed nepoctiv\u00e9ho \u010di nekal\u00e9ho jedn\u00e1n\u00ed obchodn\u00edk\u016f, zam\u011bstnavatel\u016f, instituc\u00ed nebo st\u00e1tu. V r\u00e1mci sv\u00fdch slu\u017eeb bere na sv\u00e1 bedra ve\u0161ker\u00e9 soudn\u00ed i advok\u00e1tn\u00ed n\u00e1klady, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e provizi ve v\u00fd\u0161i 5 a\u017e 25 procent si n\u00e1rokuje pouze v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pro klienta \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b vy\u0159e\u0161en\u00e9ho sporu. Jej\u00ed pomoc je tedy dostupn\u00e1 v\u0161em ob\u010dan\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed se d\u00edky n\u00ed mohou dovol\u00e1vat sv\u00e9ho n\u00e1roku beze strachu z vysok\u00fdch n\u00e1klad\u016f a z\u00e1rove\u0148 tak\u00e9 bez obav z \u010dasov\u00e9 a administrativn\u00ed n\u00e1ro\u010dnosti.<\/em><\/p>\n

Ilustra\u010dn\u00ed foto: archiv (red) – Za kr\u00e1sn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed Vimperk<\/strong><\/p>\n

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