{"id":91470,"date":"2018-02-01T07:17:44","date_gmt":"2018-02-01T06:17:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=91470"},"modified":"2018-02-01T07:18:52","modified_gmt":"2018-02-01T06:18:52","slug":"stara-sumava-hromnice-jsou-mnohem-starsim-svatkem-nez-by-se-na-prvni-pohled-mohlo-zdat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=91470","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA: Hromnice jsou mnohem star\u0161\u00edm sv\u00e1tkem, ne\u017e by se n\u00e1m na prvn\u00ed pohled mohlo zd\u00e1t"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Sv\u00edcen byl mosazn\u00fd a cel\u00fd od vosku. L\u00edbil se mi a b\u00e1l jsem se j\u00ed. Babi\u010d\u010dina hromni\u010dka. Sv\u00edcen byl star\u00fd a ukryt\u00fd za zelen\u00fdmi dv\u00ed\u0159ky kredence. Cel\u00fd rok si na ni nikdo nevzpomn\u011bl.<\/h6>\n

A pak jednoho dne p\u0159i\u0161la bou\u0159ka. Zlov\u011bstn\u00e1, strach nah\u00e1n\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed bou\u0159ka. Takov\u00e1, co p\u0159ijde ka\u017ed\u00e9 l\u00e9to po t\u00fddnech velk\u00fdch veder. A kdy\u017e se takhle \u017eene, kdy\u017e se bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed, stromy se oh\u00fdbaj\u00ed a\u017e k zemi, v\u00edtr fi\u010d\u00ed a uh\u00e1n\u00ed po okol\u00ed, babi\u010dka jde, otev\u0159e dv\u00ed\u0159ka a vyt\u00e1hne hromni\u010dku. Postav\u00ed ji doprost\u0159ed stolu, zkontroluje jestli je dost sv\u00ed\u010dky a jde hledat z\u00e1palky. Pak sv\u00ed\u010dku zap\u00e1l\u00ed a posad\u00ed se ke stolu. I my, d\u011bti, se posad\u00edme. Sice ne tak zp\u016fsobn\u011b, v\u011bt\u0161inou na paty, to abychom na st\u016fl vid\u011bly. “A babi, pro\u010d tu sv\u00ed\u010dku vlastn\u011b zapaluje\u0161?”<\/em> zept\u00e1 se v\u017edycky n\u011bkdo. “Tohle nen\u00ed oby\u010dejn\u00e1 sv\u00ed\u010dka, ale sv\u00ed\u010dka hromni\u010dka, to aby do chalupy neuhodilo, v\u00ed\u0161.”<\/em> trp\u011bliv\u011b babi\u010dka vysv\u011btluje poka\u017ed\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Ale my se c\u00edt\u00edme v bezpe\u010d\u00ed, tady uvnit\u0159 kolem stolu s hromni\u010dkou a babi\u010dkou. Bou\u0159ka vrchol\u00ed. Hrom, blesk, hrom. Babi\u010dka p\u0159iv\u00edr\u00e1 o\u010di, \u00fanavou, kter\u00e1 se projev\u00ed, kdy\u017e se m\u016f\u017ee na p\u00e1r minut po cel\u00e9m dni posadit, a modlitbou, kterou jist\u011b v duchu od\u0159\u00edk\u00e1v\u00e1. Je n\u00e1m jasn\u00e9, \u017ee te\u010f ru\u0161it nem\u016f\u017eeme. I na n\u00e1s ostatn\u00ed jde d\u0159\u00edmota, to ty hromy, to ten d\u00e9\u0161\u0165, co okna bi\u010duje, to ten plamen, kter\u00fd se n\u00e1m p\u0159ed o\u010dima m\u00edh\u00e1. Jsme v bezpe\u010d\u00ed a kolem n\u00e1s divo\u010dina, to se tak kr\u00e1sn\u011b us\u00edn\u00e1…<\/p>\n

Dnes u\u017e nep\u0159\u00edli\u0161 zn\u00e1m\u00e9 Hromnice jsou mnohem star\u0161\u00edm sv\u00e1tkem, ne\u017e by se na prvn\u00ed pohled mohlo zd\u00e1t. Pod jejich k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00fdm v\u00fdznamem toti\u017e m\u016f\u017eeme vystopovat poz\u016fstatky mnohem star\u0161\u00edho pohansk\u00e9ho sv\u00e1tku, kter\u00fd se datuje a\u017e do dob star\u00fdch Kelt\u016f, ale mo\u017en\u00e1 dokonce je\u0161t\u011b d\u00e1l, a spojuje se s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi zaj\u00edmav\u00fdmi zvyky a pov\u011brami!<\/p>\n

V p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b se \u010dasto st\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee se v obdob\u00ed kolem Hromnic otepl\u00ed a sn\u00edh roztaje, dokonce n\u011bkdy m\u016f\u017eeme pozorovat prvn\u00ed bou\u0159ky v roce \u2013 a sly\u0161et v tento den zvuk hromu se pova\u017euje za dobr\u00e9 znamen\u00ed. P\u016fvodn\u011b tento sv\u00e1tek souvisel se slovansk\u00fdm bohem hromu a blesku – Perunem, kter\u00fd ohla\u0161oval jeho p\u0159\u00edchod po zimn\u00edm sp\u00e1nku. Jarn\u00edm bleskem se probouzela bo\u017estva a p\u0159\u00edroda se otev\u00edrala nov\u00e9mu \u017eivotu. P\u0159ed hromov\u00fdm rachotem prchaj\u00ed zl\u00ed duchov\u00e9 a zal\u00e9zaj\u00ed do sv\u00fdch skr\u00fd\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Sta\u0159\u00ed Slovan\u00e9 tomuto sv\u00e1tku v\u011bnovali velkou pozornost a prov\u00e1zelo jej mnoho ritu\u00e1l\u016f. P\u0159i prvn\u00edm jarn\u00edm h\u0159m\u011bn\u00ed lid\u00e9 klekali na zem a l\u00edbali ji. Ve sv\u011btnic\u00edch p\u0159emis\u0165ovali \u017eidle a stoly, na dvo\u0159e nadzved\u00e1vali vozy, p\u0159ed vraty zat\u00ednali do zem\u011b sekery (atribut Peruna). Vyh\u00e1n\u011bli tak zl\u00e9 duchy ze staven\u00ed. Tyto zvyklosti byly zaznamen\u00e1ny a\u017e do 19. stolet\u00ed.<\/p>\n

S p\u0159\u00edchodem k\u0159es\u0165anstv\u00ed byl nahrazen p\u016fvodn\u00ed v\u00fdznam Hromnic katolick\u00fdm sv\u00e1tkem Uveden\u00ed P\u00e1n\u011b do chr\u00e1mu – d\u0159\u00edve t\u00e9\u017e O\u010di\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed Panny Marie. Podle evangelia Maria p\u0159inesla Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e \u010dty\u0159ic\u00e1t\u00fd den po jeho narozen\u00ed do chr\u00e1mu v Jeruzal\u00e9m\u011b, aby jej zasv\u011btila Bohu. Zde se setk\u00e1v\u00e1 s prorokyn\u00ed Annou a spravedliv\u00fdm Simeonem, kter\u00fd Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e nazval “sv\u011btlem k osv\u00edcen\u00ed n\u00e1rod\u016f”. Od tohoto proroctv\u00ed poch\u00e1z\u00ed zvyk, \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fd asi od 11. stolet\u00ed, v tento den sv\u011btit sv\u00ed\u010dky “hromni\u010dky”, kter\u00e9 se b\u011bhem bou\u0159ek zap\u00e1len\u00e9 d\u00e1valy do oken a m\u011bly spolu s modlitbou chr\u00e1nit p\u0159ed bou\u0159kami. P\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1me si, \u017ee Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161 je na\u0161\u00edm sv\u011btlem.<\/p>\n

V tento den se tak\u00e9 \u017eehnaj\u00ed sv\u00ed\u010dky – hromni\u010dky. Ty p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch dob\u00e1ch lid\u00e9 zapalovali p\u0159i bou\u0159ce a v modlitb\u011b si vypro\u0161ovali ochranu p\u0159ed jej\u00ed ni\u010divou silou. Sv\u00ed\u010dku ale m\u016f\u017eeme vn\u00edmat tak\u00e9 jako symbol Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161ova \u017eivota – jak sv\u00edce postupn\u011b ho\u0159\u00ed, stravuje sama sebe, aby jin\u00fdm dala sv\u00e9 sv\u011btlo. Hlavn\u00ed roli v oslav\u00e1ch tohoto sv\u00e1tku ve v\u0161ech kultur\u00e1ch hr\u00e1li ohn\u011b a o\u010dista dom\u016f. Lid\u00e9 ukl\u00edzeli po zim\u011b, vymetali st\u00e1je, \u010distili krby a zapalovali hranice, kter\u00e9 m\u011bli zahnat zl\u00e9 zimn\u00ed duchy. Tyto sv\u00edce byly tak\u00e9 vkl\u00e1d\u00e1ny do rukou um\u00edraj\u00edc\u00edch proto, aby sv\u011btlo z nich prov\u00e1zelo du\u0161i do nebe. V n\u011bkter\u00fdch kraj\u00edch obch\u00e1zeli v\u010dela\u0159i s hromni\u010dkou \u00faly se v\u010delstvy pro hojnost medu. Hromnice jsou tak\u00e9 oslavou brzk\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edchodu jara. Dnes u\u017e se tento sv\u00e1tek t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 neslav\u00ed a je skoro zapomenut. Nechte se inspirovat prastar\u00fdmi tradicemi\u2026<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sv\u00edcen byl <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":121280,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[32],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/31\/stara-sumava-hromnice-titul.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/91470"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=91470"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/91470\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":121391,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/91470\/revisions\/121391"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/121280"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=91470"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=91470"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=91470"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}