{"id":89028,"date":"2019-09-12T10:33:03","date_gmt":"2019-09-12T09:33:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=89028"},"modified":"2019-09-13T12:51:34","modified_gmt":"2019-09-13T11:51:34","slug":"patek-trinacteho-lide-v-mnoha-zemich-jej-povazuji-za-nestastny-den-kde-se-vzala-tato-povera","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=89028","title":{"rendered":"P\u00c1TEK T\u0158IN\u00c1CT\u00c9HO: Lid\u00e9 v mnoha zem\u00edch jej st\u00e1le pova\u017euj\u00ed za ne\u0161\u0165astn\u00fd den. Kde se vzala tato pov\u011bra?"},"content":{"rendered":"
Ze \u010dtvrtka na p\u00e1tek 13. p\u0159esn\u011b o p\u016flnoci vystoup\u00ed z podsv\u011bt\u00ed d\u00e9mon strachu. Ten se \u017eiv\u00ed strachem lid\u00ed. Tak\u017ee si najde vhodnou ob\u011b\u0165, vyc\u00edt\u00ed jej\u00ed strach a pak vytvo\u0159\u00ed jeho iluzi. Nen\u00ed to skute\u010dn\u00e9 je to jen iluze ale pokud ten \u010dlov\u011bk sv\u016fj strach nep\u0159ekon\u00e1, tak u\u017e m\u00e1 sm\u016flu..<\/h6>\n

\"\"Pov\u011bra panuje sv\u011btem oded\u00e1vna a lid\u00e9 j\u00ed podl\u00e9haj\u00ed. Tis\u00edce talisman\u016f maj\u00ed slou\u017eit k tomu, aby uchr\u00e1nily takov\u00e9ho pov\u011br\u010divce p\u0159ed hroz\u00edc\u00ed pohromou.<\/p>\n

P\u00e1tek t\u0159in\u00e1ct\u00e9ho je v mnoha zem\u00edch pova\u017eov\u00e1n za ne\u0161\u0165astn\u00fd den. Kde se vzala pov\u011bra? Pro\u010d je p\u00e1tek t\u0159in\u00e1ct\u00e9ho pova\u017eov\u00e1n za ne\u0161\u0165astn\u00fd den? V lidov\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed se pov\u011bra spojen\u00e1 s p\u00e1tkem t\u0159in\u00e1ct\u00e9ho neobjevovala. Lidem bylo jedno, jestli je prvn\u00edho nebo patn\u00e1ct\u00e9ho v m\u011bs\u00edci. Lidi sp\u00ed\u0161 podle jej\u00edch slov zaj\u00edmalo, kter\u00fd den v t\u00fddnu pr\u00e1v\u011b je. V ned\u011bli se toti\u017e vypravovali do kostela na slavnostn\u00ed m\u0161i, ve v\u0161edn\u00ed den museli j\u00edt naopak pracovat t\u0159eba na pole. Pro na\u0161e p\u0159edky bylo d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, kter\u00e9ho svat\u00e9ho ten den bylo, jak\u00e1 se k n\u011bmu v\u00e1\u017ee pranostika, ale jestli je p\u00e1tek t\u0159in\u00e1ct\u00e9ho, to v\u016fbec ne\u0159e\u0161ili…….<\/p>\n

Historick\u00e9 ko\u0159eny m\u00e1 pov\u011bra \u00fadajn\u011b i kv\u016fli ud\u00e1lostem p\u00e1tku 13. \u0159\u00edjna 1307. Francouzsk\u00fd kr\u00e1l Filip IV. Sli\u010dn\u00fd za\u010dal s pron\u00e1sledov\u00e1n\u00edm a zat\u00fdk\u00e1n\u00edm templ\u00e1\u0159\u016f, po kter\u00e9m n\u00e1sledovalo mu\u010den\u00ed a smrt mnoha z t\u011bchto ryt\u00ed\u0159\u016f a n\u00e1sledn\u00fd z\u00e1nik \u0159\u00e1du. Od toho dne templ\u00e1\u0159i pova\u017eovali p\u00e1tek t\u0159in\u00e1ct\u00e9ho za ne\u0161\u0165astn\u00fd den. \u0158\u00e1d uzav\u0159en\u00fd p\u0159ed okoln\u00edm sv\u011btem p\u0159irozen\u011b obklopovalo mnoho tajemstv\u00ed a dohad\u016f, kter\u00fdch kr\u00e1l vyu\u017eil k obvin\u011bn\u00edm, kter\u00e1 byla proti \u0159\u00e1du vznesena mnohdy nepr\u00e1vem.<\/p>\n

Templ\u00e1\u0159i byli mimo jin\u00e9 obvin\u011bni z kac\u00ed\u0159stv\u00ed, ne\u00facty k sv\u00e1tosti olt\u00e1\u0159n\u00ed a sodomie. R\u00e1no v p\u00e1tek 13. \u0159\u00edjna 1307 (odtud ne\u0161\u0165astn\u00fd p\u00e1tek t\u0159in\u00e1ct\u00e9ho) za\u010dalo rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 zat\u00fdk\u00e1n\u00ed templ\u00e1\u0159\u016f v cel\u00e9 Francii. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 byl ve\u0161ker\u00fd templ\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd majetek p\u0159evzat kr\u00e1lov\u00fdmi zplnomocn\u011bnci. Ryt\u00ed\u0159i se nicm\u00e9n\u011b nepostavili na odpor a bylo tak zat\u010deno na 5000 ryt\u00ed\u0159\u016f v\u010detn\u011b velmistra \u0159\u00e1du Jacquese de Molay. Zat\u00fdk\u00e1n\u00ed templ\u00e1\u0159\u016f bylo pape\u017eem na\u0159\u00edzeno i dal\u0161\u00edm evropsk\u00fdm panovn\u00edk\u016fm, ale na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed se setkalo jen s mal\u00fdm ohlasem.<\/p>\n

Zat\u010den\u00ed templ\u00e1\u0159i str\u00e1vili t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 rok ve v\u011bzen\u00ed, co\u017e mnoh\u00e9 zlomilo k tomu, \u017ee p\u0159iznali vinu (do ledna 1308 se p\u0159iznalo 134 ze 138 ryt\u00ed\u0159\u016f zajat\u00fdch v Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei, Jacques de Molay po deseti dnech), jin\u00e9 zlomilo pou\u017eit\u00ed \u00fatrpn\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va. Postava Jacquese de Molay je v t\u00e9to chv\u00edli zaj\u00edmav\u00e1 t\u00edm, \u017ee opakovan\u011b m\u011bnil svou v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f a nakonec odm\u00edtl h\u00e1jit \u0159\u00e1d.<\/p>\n

Samotn\u00e9 procesy trvaly celkem sedm let, b\u011bhem nich\u017e \u0159ada templ\u00e1\u0159\u016f odvolala sv\u00e1 prvotn\u00ed p\u0159izn\u00e1n\u00ed, co\u017e pro n\u011b ale znamenalo rozsudek smrti. Prvn\u00edch 54 templ\u00e1\u0159\u016f bylo up\u00e1leno v Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei 11. kv\u011btna 1310. P\u0159esto\u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina prel\u00e1t\u016f shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00fdch na koncilu ve Vienne, kter\u00fd m\u011bl rozhodnout o osudu \u0159\u00e1du, se zru\u0161en\u00edm templ\u00e1\u0159\u016f nesouhlasila, byl zru\u0161en pape\u017eskou bulou Vox in Excelso datovanou 22. b\u0159ezna. Rozhodnut\u00ed o zru\u0161en\u00ed bylo zve\u0159ejn\u011bno 2. dubna 1312.<\/p>\n

Majetek zru\u0161en\u00e9ho \u0159\u00e1du m\u011bl b\u00fdt p\u0159eveden na johanitsk\u00fd \u0159\u00e1d. Z majetku \u0159\u00e1du, ale m\u011blo b\u00fdt vyplaceno 200 000 livr\u016f jako od\u0161kodn\u00e9 francouzsk\u00e9 kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9 pokladn\u011b za \u00fadajn\u011b vznikl\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty. V roce 1312 byla v\u011bt\u0161ina zbyl\u00fdch templ\u00e1\u0159\u016f propu\u0161t\u011bna na svobodu, zb\u00fdvali jen velmistr Jacques de Molay a t\u0159i dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edstaven\u00ed \u0159\u00e1du Hugo z Pairaudu, Geoffrey z Gonnevillu a Geoffrey ze Charney, kte\u0159\u00ed byli 18. b\u0159ezna 1314 odsouzeni k do\u017eivotn\u00edmu v\u011bzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Templ\u00e1\u0159i p\u0159i\u0161li do \u010cech a na Moravu a\u017e n\u011bkdy ve t\u0159ic\u00e1t\u00fdch letech 13. stolet\u00ed, nej\u010dast\u011bji se ud\u00e1v\u00e1 rok 1232. M\u011bli v\u00edce jak \u0161edes\u00e1tilet\u00e9 zpo\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed za johanity a t\u0159icetilet\u00e9 za n\u011bmeck\u00fdmi ryt\u00ed\u0159i. Ti si zat\u00edm s podporou panovn\u00edk\u016f i dom\u00e1c\u00ed \u0161lechty vybudovali rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 dr\u017eavy, ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u011bli kolem dvac\u00edtky komend a velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed vs\u00ed k nim n\u00e1le\u017eej\u00edc\u00ed. O t\u011bchto majetc\u00edch se dozv\u00edd\u00e1me p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm ze zachoval\u00fdch p\u00edsemnost\u00ed pojedn\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch o zm\u011bn\u00e1ch majetku, sporech, nebo panovnick\u00fdch privilegi\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Templ\u00e1\u0159\u0161t\u00ed ryt\u00ed\u0159i vlastnili v Praze kostel sv. Vav\u0159ince a okoln\u00ed domy. Tyto nemovitosti slou\u017eily jako z\u00e1zem\u00ed p\u0159i pobytu v\u00fd\u0161e postaven\u00fdch \u010dlen\u016f \u0159\u00e1du u kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9ho dvora. Po jejich p\u0159eveden\u00ed na johanity byl tento majetek roku 1313 odprod\u00e1n dominik\u00e1nk\u00e1m od sv. Anny pod Pet\u0159\u00ednem. Ty komendu a kostel n\u00e1sledn\u011b nechaly p\u0159estav\u011bt na sv\u016fj kl\u00e1\u0161ter.<\/p>\n

Doklad\u016f a d\u016fkaz\u016f je sice m\u00e1lo, ale fantazii lid\u00ed to nem\u016f\u017ee nijak omezit. U\u017e jen proto, jak m\u00e1lo se toho po templ\u00e1\u0159\u00edch dochovalo. Pr\u00e1zdno se d\u00e1 v\u017edycky nejl\u00e9pe doplnit v\u00fdmysly. Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 je v\u0161ak to, \u017ee to, co po templ\u00e1\u0159\u00edch z\u016fstalo, se ob\u010das tak tro\u0161ku z\u00e1hadn\u011b ztratilo.Ne\u0161\u0165astn\u00fd p\u00e1tek t\u0159in\u00e1ct\u00e9ho se tedy zakl\u00e1d\u00e1 na hned n\u011bkolika nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00fdch zku\u0161enostech lidstva. Nedivme se tedy, \u017ee kdy\u017e se n\u00e1m v tento den n\u011bco nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9ho p\u0159ihod\u00ed, sv\u00e1d\u00edme to na to zpropaden\u00e9 datum\u2026<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ze \u010dtvrtka <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":127816,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[74,107],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/12\/r\u00e1me\u010dek-p\u00e1tek-13.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/89028"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=89028"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/89028\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":116276,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/89028\/revisions\/116276"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/127816"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=89028"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=89028"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=89028"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}