{"id":88025,"date":"2017-01-09T18:18:33","date_gmt":"2017-01-09T17:18:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=88025"},"modified":"2017-01-09T18:23:24","modified_gmt":"2017-01-09T17:23:24","slug":"ales-rozehnal-koureni-bylo-symbolem-svobody-i-zenske-emancipace-dnes-je-potirano-zakonem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=88025","title":{"rendered":"ALE\u0160 ROZEHNAL: Kou\u0159en\u00ed bylo symbolem svobody i \u017eensk\u00e9 emancipace. Dnes je v\u0161ak pot\u00edr\u00e1no z\u00e1konem"},"content":{"rendered":"
Zat\u00edmco nepot\u0159ebujeme \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd z\u00e1kon, kter\u00fd by n\u00e1m na\u0159izoval, \u017ee v\u00a0restaurac\u00edch nesm\u00edme hlasit\u011b \u0159\u00edhat nebo flatulovat, z\u00e1kaz kou\u0159en\u00ed takov\u00fd z\u00e1kon z\u0159ejm\u011b m\u00edt bude, p\u00ed\u0161e v koment\u00e1\u0159i pro Hl\u00eddac\u00edPes.org pr\u00e1vn\u00edk Ale\u0161 Rozehnal.<\/strong><\/h6>\n

\"rozehnal\"V \u010cesk\u00e9 republice z\u0159ejm\u011b za\u010dne platit z\u00e1kaz kou\u0159en\u00ed<\/a><\/strong> v restaurac\u00edch a hospod\u00e1ch, co\u017e vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 bu\u010f nad\u0161en\u00fd souhlas, nebo zu\u0159iv\u00fd odpor. Odp\u016frci z\u00e1kazu kou\u0159en\u00ed v pohostinsk\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch pova\u017euj\u00ed tento z\u00e1kaz za dal\u0161\u00ed omezen\u00ed pr\u00e1v a svobod a z\u00e1sah do osobn\u00edch v\u011bc\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bka.<\/p>\n

Pova\u017euj\u00ed za sv\u00e9 v\u00fdsostn\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo rozhodnout o tom, zda budou j\u00edst nezdrav\u011b a um\u0159ou na infarkt \u010di zda budou kou\u0159it a vystavovat se v\u011bt\u0161\u00edmu nebezpe\u010d\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed rakovinou plic.<\/p>\n

Ka\u017ed\u00e1 restaurace m\u00e1 m\u00edt pr\u00e1vo rozhodnout se, jestli bude ku\u0159\u00e1ck\u00e1 nebo neku\u0159\u00e1ck\u00e1, a ka\u017ed\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk m\u00e1 m\u00edt pr\u00e1vo rozhodnout se, do jak\u00e9 restaurace p\u016fjde.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Symbol jm\u00e9nem Gauloises<\/h6>\n

Je s\u00a0podivem, \u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b tento z\u00e1kaz vzbuzuje tolik negativn\u00edch emoc\u00ed, a to i mezi mnoha neku\u0159\u00e1ky. Pro provozovatele restaurac\u00ed a jejich hosty i bez tohoto z\u00e1kazu p\u0159itom existuje cel\u00e1 \u0159ada z\u00e1kaz\u016f a omezen\u00ed jin\u00fdch, kter\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed diskuze nevyvol\u00e1vaj\u00ed.<\/p>\n

D\u016fvodem bude z\u0159ejm\u011b to, \u017ee kou\u0159en\u00ed je symbolem svobody. Po velkou \u010d\u00e1st dvac\u00e1t\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed p\u0159edstavovalo nez\u00e1vislost, autonomii a bylo vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00edm osobn\u00edho statutu.<\/p>\n

Kou\u0159en\u00ed bylo spojeno s\u00a0mu\u017estv\u00edm, nepodrobenost\u00ed, ale i s\u00a0konceptem pln\u011bn\u00ed americk\u00e9ho snu. Francouzsk\u00e9 cigarety Gauloises symbolizovaly odpor proti vichystick\u00e9mu re\u017eimu b\u011bhem druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky.<\/p>\n

Po v\u00e1lce se staly symbolem spojovan\u00fdm s\u00a0francouzsk\u00fdmi intelektu\u00e1ly, jako byl Picasso, Sartre a Simone de Beauvoir.<\/p>\n

Cigaretov\u00fd d\u00fdm a \u017eensk\u00e1 emancipace<\/h6>\n

Pozoruhodnou \u00falohu sehr\u00e1lo kou\u0159en\u00ed v\u00a0\u017eensk\u00e9m emancipa\u010dn\u00edm hnut\u00ed. \u017deny, kter\u00e9 kou\u0159ily, byly v\u00a0devaten\u00e1ct\u00e9m stolet\u00ed pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za padl\u00e9 nebo za prostitutky.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0roce 1904 byla ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech jedna \u017eena odsouzena k\u00a0trestu odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody za kou\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159ed sv\u00fdm d\u00edt\u011btem. Kou\u0159en\u00ed bylo pova\u017eov\u00e1no za nemor\u00e1ln\u00ed a za hrozbu spole\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n

B\u011bhem prvn\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky \u017eeny za\u010daly vykon\u00e1vat pr\u00e1ce mu\u017e\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed bojovali na front\u011b, a \u017eeny za\u010daly kou\u0159it v\u00edc a v\u00edc. Cigarety pro \u017eeny se staly cestou ke zm\u011bn\u011b soci\u00e1ln\u00edch norem a bojem za rovn\u00e1 pr\u00e1va s\u00a0mu\u017ei, eventu\u00e1ln\u011b v\u00fdrazem rebelsk\u00e9 nez\u00e1vislosti, p\u016fvabu a \u017e\u00e1doucnosti.<\/p>\n

Cigarety byly l\u00ed\u010deny jako symbol emancipace a rovnosti s\u00a0mu\u017ei a ozna\u010dov\u00e1ny jako \u201epochodn\u011b svobody\u201c.<\/p>\n

Dlu\u017eno poznamenat, \u017ee cel\u00e9 hnut\u00ed \u201epochodn\u00ed svobody\u201c bylo iniciov\u00e1no prezidentem American Tabacco Company, kter\u00fd si uv\u011bdomil, \u017ee potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed trh ku\u0159a\u010dek je n\u011bco podobn\u00e9ho \u201ejako naj\u00edt zlat\u00fd d\u016fl p\u0159\u00edmo na vlastn\u00ed zahrad\u011b\u201c.<\/p>\n

Toto hnut\u00ed za\u017eilo svoji renesanci v\u00a0devades\u00e1t\u00fdch letech minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed, kdy tab\u00e1kov\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti za\u010daly pronikat na nov\u00e9 trhy. Idea modernity a svobody spojen\u00e1 s\u00a0kou\u0159en\u00edm se tak za\u010dala \u0161\u00ed\u0159it do zem\u00ed, v\u00a0nich\u017e za\u010daly \u017eeny z\u00edsk\u00e1vat v\u00edce svobody a rovnosti.<\/p>\n

Cigareta = svoboda u\u017e neplat\u00ed<\/h6>\n

V\u00a0zem\u00edch v\u00fdchodn\u00ed a st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy byly cigarety na sklonku minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed zobrazov\u00e1ny jako symbol z\u00e1padn\u00ed svobody.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch zem\u00edch se staly cigarety symbolem bo\u0159en\u00ed rasov\u00fdch bari\u00e9r, jako nap\u0159. v\u00a0Jihoafrick\u00e9 republice, kde se stala ikonickou sc\u00e9na \u010dern\u00e9 \u017eeny, kter\u00e9 si bere cigaretu od b\u00edl\u00e9ho mu\u017ee.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0Indii zase byly \u017eeny v\u00a0z\u00e1padn\u00edm oble\u010den\u00ed kou\u0159\u00edc\u00ed cigarety znakem volnosti a mobility.<\/p>\n

I devades\u00e1t\u00e1 l\u00e9ta jsou v\u0161ak ji\u017e minulost\u00ed. Spojen\u00ed cigarety a svobody je dnes ji\u017e zoufale \u201eout of date\u201c. V\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b nen\u00ed kou\u0159en\u00ed na ve\u0159ejnosti ani ot\u00e1zkou svobody, ale nen\u00ed ani p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 ot\u00e1zkou po\u0161kozov\u00e1n\u00ed zdrav\u00ed aktivn\u011b ani pasivn\u011b kou\u0159\u00edc\u00edch.<\/p>\n

Kou\u0159en\u00ed na ve\u0159ejnosti je toti\u017e zejm\u00e9na ot\u00e1zkou etikety. Dnes je vrcholn\u011b nezdvo\u0159il\u00e9 zap\u00e1lit si na ve\u0159ejnosti bez zept\u00e1n\u00ed se na povolen\u00ed ostatn\u00edch, kte\u0159\u00ed se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed v okol\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Vzhledem k\u00a0tomu, \u017ee takov\u00fd dotaz je z\u00a0technick\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f v\u00a0restauraci vylou\u010den, je t\u00edm z\u00a0hlediska etikety, ale vlastn\u011b rovn\u011b\u017e prost\u00e9ho slu\u0161n\u00e9ho chov\u00e1n\u00ed vylou\u010deno i kou\u0159en\u00ed na takov\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b.<\/p>\n

Etika leti\u0161tn\u00ed ku\u0159\u00e1rny<\/h6>\n

Ur\u010dit\u00e1 etiketa ale mus\u00ed panovat i mezi neku\u0159\u00e1ky ve vztahu ke ku\u0159\u00e1k\u016fm. Nen\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad t\u0159eba je pou\u010dovat, \u017ee kou\u0159en\u00ed \u0161kod\u00ed jejich zdrav\u00ed, proto\u017ee o tom sami ur\u010dit\u011b maj\u00ed n\u011bjakou pov\u011bdomost.<\/p>\n

Stejn\u011b tak je nevhodn\u00e9 vyjad\u0159ovat svoji nelibost z\u00a0kou\u0159en\u00ed na m\u00edstech, kter\u00e1 jsou pro kou\u0159en\u00ed vyhrazena, jako nap\u0159. ku\u0159\u00e1rny na leti\u0161t\u00edch.<\/p>\n

A\u010dkoli by si to mo\u017en\u00e1 n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159\u00e1li, nikdy nenastane doba, kdy lid\u00e9 na cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b p\u0159estanou kou\u0159it. A to ani tehdy, pokud by se kou\u0159en\u00ed stalo zcela nez\u00e1konn\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Ku\u0159\u00e1ci budou tvo\u0159it v\u017edy \u010d\u00e1st lidsk\u00e9 komunity a m\u011bla by existovat mo\u017enost, aby ku\u0159\u00e1ci a neku\u0159\u00e1ci udr\u017eovali p\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9 mezilidsk\u00e9 vztahy.<\/p>\n

Zvl\u00e1\u0161tnost\u00ed z\u00e1kazu kou\u0159en\u00ed v\u00a0restaurac\u00edch je tak pouze to, \u017ee zat\u00edmco nepot\u0159ebujeme \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd z\u00e1kon, kter\u00fd by n\u00e1m na\u0159izoval, \u017ee v\u00a0restaurac\u00edch nesm\u00edme hlasit\u011b \u0159\u00edhat nebo flatulovat, z\u00e1kaz kou\u0159en\u00ed v\u00a0restaurac\u00edch takov\u00fd z\u00e1kon m\u00e1 nebo z\u0159ejm\u011b m\u00edt bude.<\/p>\n

Ale\u0161 ROZEHNAL, advok\u00e1t, p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1vo na Pr\u00e1vnick\u00e9 fakult\u011b UK a dal\u0161\u00edch vysok\u00fdch \u0161kol\u00e1ch<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hl\u00eddac\u00edPes.org<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Zat\u00edmco nepot\u0159ebujeme <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":88413,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/07\/koment\u00e1\u0159.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/88025"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=88025"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/88025\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":88671,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/88025\/revisions\/88671"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/88413"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=88025"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=88025"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=88025"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}