{"id":87377,"date":"2017-12-27T14:23:32","date_gmt":"2017-12-27T13:23:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=87377"},"modified":"2017-12-27T14:29:58","modified_gmt":"2017-12-27T13:29:58","slug":"silvestr-na-sumave-podle-pover-nesmi-hospodyne-prat-a-veset-pradlo-aby-nezapricinily-smrt-blizkeho","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=87377","title":{"rendered":"SILVESTR NA \u0160UMAV\u011a: Lid\u00e9 d\u0159\u00edve tak trp\u011bliv\u011b ne\u010dekali na p\u016flno\u010dn\u00ed zlom letopo\u010dtu a nepili ani tolik alkoholu"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

Oslavy konce roku u\u017e tradi\u010dn\u011b prov\u00e1z\u00ed atmosf\u00e9ra v\u0161eobecn\u00e9ho vesel\u00ed, dobr\u00e9ho j\u00eddla a pit\u00ed. Ne v\u017edy tomu b\u00fdvalo pr\u00e1v\u011b tak. Nutno dodat, \u017ee tyto hlu\u010dn\u00e9 radov\u00e1nky p\u0159ineslo a\u017e minul\u00e9 (tedy 20.) stolet\u00ed. <\/span><\/h6>\n

D\u0159\u00edve b\u00fdvalo zvykem o\u010dek\u00e1vat p\u0159\u00edchod nov\u00e9ho roku ve zbo\u017en\u00e9m rozj\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed a silvestrovsk\u00fd ve\u010der byl vyhrazen n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u00e1m kostela, kde lid\u00e9 d\u011bkovali za v\u0161e dobr\u00e9 v roce pr\u00e1v\u011b uplynul\u00e9m a prosili o zdar a \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed v roce nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edm…<\/span><\/p>\n

\u010ce\u0161i pat\u0159\u00ed k nejateisti\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00edm n\u00e1rod\u016fm v Evrop\u011b, ale sv\u00e1tek sv. Silvestra oslavuj\u00ed mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b n\u00e1ru\u017eiv\u011b. M\u00e1lokdo v\u0161ak p\u0159itom pomysl\u00ed na tohoto pape\u017ee ze 4. stolet\u00ed, za jeho\u017e pontifik\u00e1tu z\u00edskala c\u00edrkev na svoji stranu c\u00edsa\u0159e Konstantina Velik\u00e9ho a z pron\u00e1sledovan\u00e9 se stala st\u00e1tem podporovanou. Pape\u017e Silvestr m\u011bl ostatn\u011b podle legendy tak\u00e9 samotn\u00e9ho Konstantina z\u00e1zra\u010dn\u011b uzdravit a pot\u00e9 i s celou rodinou pok\u0159t\u00edt. Ostatn\u011b, po cel\u00fd st\u0159edov\u011bk to vypadalo, \u017ee sv\u00e1tek sv. Silvestra se stane vcelku nev\u00fdznamn\u00fdm b\u011b\u017en\u00fdm dnem roku. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u0158\u00edmsk\u00e1 antick\u00e1 tradice zasazuj\u00edc\u00ed zm\u011bnu letopo\u010dtu v\u017edy k 1. lednu, kdy se sv\u00fdch funkc\u00ed uj\u00edmali nov\u011b zvolen\u00ed konzulov\u00e9, se pr\u00e1v\u011b c\u00edrkvi v jej\u00edm nov\u00e9m mocensk\u00e9m postaven\u00ed zd\u00e1la b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 pohansk\u00e1, tak\u017ee se hledaly a por\u016fznu prosazovaly za\u010d\u00e1tky roku jin\u00e9 – t\u0159eba od velikonoc, co\u017e bylo z hlediska symbolick\u00e9ho v\u00fdznamu tohoto sv\u00e1tku pro k\u0159es\u0165any naprosto ide\u00e1ln\u00ed, ov\u0161em po praktick\u00e9 str\u00e1nce to pon\u011bkud drhlo, proto\u017ee jde o sv\u00e1tky pohybliv\u00e9. <\/span><\/p>\n

Silvestrovsk\u00e9 oslavy jsou p\u0159ed n\u00e1mi a ka\u017ed\u00fd z n\u00e1s si ur\u010dit\u011b p\u0159eje vstoupit do Nov\u00e9ho roku co nejlep\u0161\u00edm zp\u016fsobem. Mo\u017en\u00e1 by tedy st\u00e1lo za to vyzkou\u0161et n\u011bkter\u00fd ze star\u00fdch novoro\u010dn\u00edch zvyk\u016f \u2013 p\u0159inese v\u00e1m to \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed a bohatstv\u00ed! I v na\u0161ich zem\u00edch je ov\u0161em v\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed roku spojeno s velk\u00fdm mno\u017estv\u00edm star\u00fdch pov\u011br. <\/span><\/p>\n

Dne\u0161n\u00ed velkolep\u00e9 oh\u0148ostroje nahradily d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed st\u0159elbu z ru\u010dnice a pr\u00e1sk\u00e1n\u00ed bi\u010dem, kter\u00fdmi se vyh\u00e1n\u011bli zl\u00ed duchov\u00e9. Hluk m\u011bl tak\u00e9 probudit p\u0159\u00edrodu ze zimn\u00edho sp\u00e1nku. Stejn\u011b jako vid\u011bt d\u00edt\u011b, platilo jako \u0161\u0165astn\u00e9 znamen\u00ed potkat na Nov\u00fd rok r\u00e1no mu\u017ee, t\u011bhotnou \u017eenu nebo uvid\u011bt zap\u0159a\u017een\u00fd v\u016fz. Naopak setk\u00e1n\u00ed se starou \u017eenou a psy se pova\u017eovalo za zl\u00e9 znamen\u00ed. <\/span><\/p>\n

Oslavy Silvestra a Nov\u00e9ho roku p\u0159ed sto a v\u00edce lety a dnes se v\u00fdrazn\u011b li\u0161ily. V minulosti lid\u00e9 na \u0160umav\u011b tak trp\u011bliv\u011b ne\u010dekali na p\u016flno\u010dn\u00ed zlom letopo\u010dtu, neholdovali ani tolik alkoholu, jako to je \u010dasto dnes. Proto se nap\u0159\u00edklad v Ka\u0161persk\u00fdch Hor\u00e1ch v 19. stolet\u00ed mnohdy st\u00e1valo, \u017ee ponocn\u00fd, kter\u00fd zah\u00e1jil svoji novoro\u010dn\u00ed obch\u016fzku u\u017e od p\u016flnoci, sv\u00fdm zp\u011bvem a vin\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm budil u\u017e sp\u00edc\u00ed obyvatele. <\/span><\/p>\n

Silvestr byl ale ch\u00e1p\u00e1n jako v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00fd den a byl naz\u00fdv\u00e1n druh\u00fdm nebo mal\u00fdm \u0160t\u011bdr\u00fdm ve\u010derem. Odpoledne \u0161li horal\u00e9 do kostela, po pr\u00e1ci a dlouh\u00e9 ve\u010dern\u00ed modlitb\u011b si mu\u017e\u0161t\u00ed podle starod\u00e1vn\u00e9ho zvyku p\u0159i\u0165ukli sklenkami na nov\u00fd rok. I v tuhle noc si chlapci a d\u011bv\u010data vykl\u00e1dali budoucnost a lili olovo. <\/span><\/p>\n

Nov\u00fd rok byl spojen s koledov\u00e1n\u00edm a p\u0159\u00e1n\u00edm v\u0161eho nejlep\u0161\u00edho. P\u0159es obvykle hlubok\u00e9 z\u00e1v\u011bje, mr\u00e1z a v\u00edtr p\u0159ich\u00e1zeli u\u017e brzy r\u00e1no mal\u00ed gratulanti, \u010dasto cel\u00fd z\u00e1stup d\u011bt\u00ed, kter\u00e9 dost\u00e1valy v\u00fdslu\u017eku. Od domu k domu chodil i ponocn\u00fd, v Ka\u0161persk\u00fdch Hor\u00e1ch p\u0159ich\u00e1zeli blahop\u0159\u00e1t tak\u00e9 komin\u00edci, listono\u0161 a dokonce i m\u00edstn\u00ed policajti. A v\u0161echny nezbytn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce se musely ud\u011blat v\u010das, tak\u00e9 platilo, \u017ee “Jak na Nov\u00fd rok, tak po cel\u00fd rok”. Po dopoledn\u00ed novoro\u010dn\u00ed m\u0161i se v \u0161umavsk\u00fdch obc\u00edch za\u0161lo je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed ob\u011bdem na sklenku do hostince. Odpoledne se soused\u00e9 nav\u0161t\u011bvovali a a\u017e do setm\u011bn\u00ed si pov\u00eddali. <\/span><\/p>\n

Oslavy Nov\u00e9ho roku v\u0161ak m\u011bly je\u0161t\u011b d\u0159\u00edve v minulosti pohansk\u00fd p\u016fvod, proto nebyly v c\u00edrkevn\u00edch kruz\u00edch obl\u00edben\u00e9. Do 19. stolet\u00ed tedy lid\u00e9 chodili d\u011bkovat za p\u0159\u00edchod nov\u00e9ho roku pouze do kostela. U n\u00e1s bylo tehdy ve zvyku j\u00edst o p\u016flnoci hork\u00fd ovar, kroupy a k\u0159en s jablky pro \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed a d\u016fm od domu chodily \u201eometa\u010dky\u201c \u2013 \u010dern\u011b od\u011bn\u00e9 chud\u00e9 \u017eeny, kter\u00e9 ve jm\u00e9nu Otce, Syna i Ducha svat\u00e9ho t\u0159ikr\u00e1t zaklepaly a t\u0159ikr\u00e1t ometly kamna, aby v nov\u00e9m roce dob\u0159e h\u0159\u00e1la. <\/span><\/p>\n

Podle pov\u011br tak\u00e9 nesm\u00ed hospodyn\u011b o Silvestru pr\u00e1t a v\u011b\u0161et pr\u00e1dlo, aby nezap\u0159\u00ed\u010dinily smrt bl\u00edzk\u00e9ho a nesm\u00ed se pod\u00e1vat dr\u016fbe\u017e, aby neulet\u011blo \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed. Obrovsk\u00e9 silvestrovsk\u00e9 vesel\u00ed, jak ho zn\u00e1me dnes, za\u010dalo a\u017e \u201estolet\u00edm p\u00e1ry\u201c hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdm rozvojem, kdy spole\u010dnost sv\u00fdm civiln\u00edm kalend\u00e1\u0159em prom\u011bnila Silvestr za jednu z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch oslav roku. Tradice d\u00e1vat si novoro\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159edsevzet\u00ed poch\u00e1z\u00ed u\u017e z 16. stolet\u00ed. Nov\u00fd rok a tedy nov\u00fd start v lidech tedy oded\u00e1vna vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 pocit, \u017ee maj\u00ed novou \u0161anci ve sv\u00e9m \u017eivot\u011b n\u011bco zlep\u0161it.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Oslavy konce <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":118494,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[32],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/27\/silvestr-na-sumave-titul.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/87377"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=87377"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/87377\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":118499,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/87377\/revisions\/118499"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/118494"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=87377"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=87377"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=87377"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}