{"id":86896,"date":"2017-12-25T10:33:29","date_gmt":"2017-12-25T09:33:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=86896"},"modified":"2017-12-25T10:38:36","modified_gmt":"2017-12-25T09:38:36","slug":"sumavsky-cas-vanocni-na-bozi-hod-drive-musela-byt-na-stolech-jablka-jejich-cervena-barva-predstavuje-zivot","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=86896","title":{"rendered":"\u0160UMAVSK\u00dd \u010cAS V\u00c1NO\u010cN\u00cd: Na Bo\u017e\u00ed hod d\u0159\u00edve musela b\u00fdt na stolech jablka, jejich \u010derven\u00e1 barva zna\u010d\u00ed \u017eivot"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

V\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed \u010das \u0161umavsk\u00fd na p\u0159elomu 19. a 20. stolet\u00ed. Doba tradi\u010dn\u00edch zvyk\u016f, u kter\u00fdch na\u0161i p\u0159edkov\u00e9 v\u011b\u0159ili, \u017ee maj\u00ed \u010darovnou moc.<\/h6>\n

V\u00e1noce, sv\u00e1tky l\u00e1sky a m\u00edru! Komu by se vzpom\u00ednky tich\u00e9ho d\u011btsk\u00e9ho \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed nepojily s t\u011bmi sv\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edmi dny! V ka\u017ed\u00e9m kraji, ba snad v ka\u017edi\u010dk\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b se d\u011bd\u00ed z generace na generaci a\u017e do na\u0161ich \u010das\u016f osobit\u00e9 v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed zvyky a oby\u010deje z dob na\u0161ich praotc\u016f.<\/p>\n

Na dne\u0161ek p\u0159ipad\u00e1 Bo\u017e\u00ed hod v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed, prvn\u00ed a pro k\u0159es\u0165any nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed den, kdy se oslavuje narozen\u00ed Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e Krista. Na p\u0159ipom\u00ednku p\u0159\u00edchodu p\u0159isl\u00edben\u00e9ho Mesi\u00e1\u0161e se v kostel\u00edch stav\u011bj\u00ed betl\u00e9my, tradi\u010dn\u00ed jsou tak\u00e9 v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed hry, p\u0159ipravovan\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161inou jako p\u00e1smo sc\u00e9n z p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu o Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161ov\u011b narozen\u00ed a koled. Tento sv\u00e1tek se nese ve znamen\u00ed klidu, rozj\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed a rodinn\u00fdch n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv.<\/p>\n

Pam\u00e1tka narozen\u00ed P\u00e1n\u011b se slavila 25. prosince zpo\u010d\u00e1tku jen v \u0158\u00edm\u011b, od 7. stolet\u00ed se oslava stala sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed liturgie cel\u00e9 z\u00e1padn\u00ed c\u00edrkve. V\u00fdchodn\u00ed c\u00edrkev sv\u011btila od 4. stolet\u00ed slavnost Epifanie neboli “slavn\u00e9 zjeven\u00ed se Bo\u017e\u00edho Syna v t\u011ble”. Tento byzantsk\u00fd sv\u00e1tek Narozen\u00ed P\u00e1n\u011b p\u0159ipadal na 6. ledna.<\/p>\n

N\u00e1zev Bo\u017e\u00ed hod v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed vznikl z\u0159ejm\u011b proto, \u017ee v tyto dny v\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00ed \u010dast\u011bji nav\u0161t\u011bvovali kostely a p\u0159istupovali \u010detn\u011bji ke svat\u00e9mu p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed – slavili tedy “duchovn\u00ed hody”. Tak\u00e9 na stole se objevovala hojnost r\u016fznorod\u00fdch pokrm\u016f a ka\u017ed\u00fd se mohl naj\u00edst do sytosti. K\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e1 c\u00edrkev jej stanovila na tento den, aby vytvo\u0159ila protiv\u00e1hu star\u0161\u00ed tradici, souvisej\u00edc\u00ed se zimn\u00edm slunovratem. Kristus tu symbolizuje slunce k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9, p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00edc\u00ed nad\u011bji a nov\u00fd \u017eivot.<\/p>\n

Na Bo\u017e\u00ed hod se nepracovalo, dokonce se nestlala ani l\u016f\u017eka a nikde nesm\u011blo viset \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 pr\u00e1dlo, proto\u017ee by to mohlo znamenat ne\u0161t\u011bt\u00ed do domu.<\/p>\n

Na \u0160umav\u011b byl Bo\u017e\u00ed Hod v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za obzvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed sv\u00e1tek, svat\u00fd den. Na Bo\u017e\u00ed hod d\u0159\u00edve musela b\u00fdt na stolech jablka. Jejich \u010derven\u00e1 barva toti\u017e p\u0159edstavuje krev, a tedy \u017eivot. T\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nikdy tak\u00e9 nechyb\u011bly lu\u0161t\u011bniny, hlavn\u011b hr\u00e1ch a \u010do\u010dka, kter\u00e9 b\u011bhem va\u0159en\u00ed nab\u00fdvaj\u00ed na objemu, a proto symbolizuj\u00ed hojnost. A d\u00e1le? Med, kter\u00fd znamen\u00e1 zdrav\u00ed, nebo o\u0159echy, je\u017e jako \u201emnohostn\u00ed\u201c plodina zase zna\u010d\u00ed bohatstv\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Mu\u017ei chod\u00ed na rann\u00ed m\u0161i v \u010dern\u00fdch nebo tmav\u00fdch \u0161atech, \u017eeny mnohdy v sametu \u010di hedv\u00e1b\u00ed. Na velkou m\u0161i svatou se i mlad\u00ed dostav\u00ed ve sv\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edch, \u010dasto nov\u00fdch oblec\u00edch. Na ob\u011bd nesm\u00ed toho dne chyb\u011bt slavnostn\u00ed pe\u010den\u011b \u010di “Hammerfleisch” (\u0161unka). Odpoledne se obyvatel\u00e9 farn\u00ed osady sejdou v kostele znovu ke sv\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edm ne\u0161por\u00e1m, k odpoledn\u00ed \u010di podve\u010dern\u00ed pobo\u017enosti. Pot\u00e9 se ti, kdo u\u017e d\u0159\u00edve ve\u0161li ve stav man\u017eelsk\u00fd, mu\u017ei se sv\u00fdmi polovicemi, nakr\u00e1tko zastav\u00ed v m\u00edstn\u00edm hostinci. J\u00edt do hospody ve\u010der toho sv\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edho dne by bylo pro po\u010destn\u00e9 venkovany hrub\u00fdm znesv\u011bcen\u00edm V\u00e1noc.<\/p>\n

Star\u00e1 \u0160umava se sest\u00e1vala p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b z mal\u00fdch osad a samot. Pokud u\u017e st\u00e1lo n\u011bjak\u00e9 m\u011bste\u010dko, byly jeho domky v\u011bt\u0161inou roztrou\u0161eny po okoln\u00edch svaz\u00edch \u010di pod\u00e9l hlavn\u00ed cesty. Kdy\u017e je \u010dlov\u011bk d\u00edt\u011btem, s nev\u011b\u0159\u00edcn\u00fdm \u00fa\u017easem poslouch\u00e1, jak V\u00e1noce pro\u017e\u00edvali jeho rodi\u010de \u2013 v\u017edy\u0165 to bylo tak d\u00e1vno!<\/p>\n

S podobn\u00fdm zaujet\u00edm poslouchal mal\u00fd Karel Klostermann vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed sv\u00e9ho otce: \u201eZa sv\u00fdch studentsk\u00fdch let jsem se jednou na V\u00e1noce ub\u00edral z Klatov do sv\u00e9ho domova za Srn\u00edm. Posledn\u00ed t\u0159etina cesty byla nesch\u016fdn\u00e1, p\u011b\u0161iny jedva znateln\u00e9, m\u00edsty krkolomn\u00e9, ch\u016fze po nich byla spojena s nebezpe\u010d\u00edm \u017eivota. Ale j\u00e1 se toho nehrozil, bylo to, jako by mne prov\u00e1zel t\u00fd\u017e and\u011bl bo\u017e\u00ed, jen\u017e p\u0159ivedl t\u0159i kr\u00e1le z dalek\u00e9ho v\u00fdchodu do betl\u00e9msk\u00e9 sala\u0161e. Ten r\u00e1j bo\u017e\u00ed nesl jsem si v srdci po ve\u0161keru tu dlouhou pou\u0165 k rodn\u00e9mu domu, k dobr\u00e9, prost\u00e9, drah\u00e9 sv\u00e9 mati\u010dce, kter\u00e1 mne o\u010dek\u00e1vala, chystaj\u00edc \u0160t\u011bdr\u00fd ve\u010der.\u201c <\/em><\/p>\n

Darem nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm bylo samo narozen\u00ed Spasitele. Karel Klosterman v pov\u00eddce \u201eCo Nov\u00fd rok nad\u011blil d\u011bde\u010dkovi\u201c popisuje sousedy, kte\u0159\u00ed vzpom\u00ednaj\u00ed na sv\u00e9 bl\u00edzk\u00e9, od nich\u017e je d\u011bl\u00ed zrovna napadan\u00e9 spousty sn\u011bhu: \u201eCopak tam asi d\u011blaj\u00ed?\u201c<\/em> t\u00e1zal se snad dvacetkr\u00e1t sp\u00ed\u0161e s\u00e1m sebe ne\u017e star\u00e9 hospodyn\u011b, kter\u00e1 nevrl\u00e1, mrzut\u00e1 ned\u00e1vala \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 odpov\u011bdi, posl\u00e9ze v\u0161ak p\u0159ece prohodila: \u201eNu, co by tam d\u011blali? \u2013 \u0160vestkovou om\u00e1\u010dku jed\u00ed!<\/em>\u201c Jindy spisovatel vt\u011blil do sv\u00e9 pov\u00eddky \u201eV\u00e1noce\u201c d\u011bsiv\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti sv\u00e9ho otce, \u0161umavsk\u00e9ho l\u00e9ka\u0159e, kter\u00fd byl pr\u00e1v\u011b na \u0160t\u011bdr\u00fd den kv\u016fli sn\u011bhov\u00e9 bou\u0159i uv\u011bzn\u011bn v horsk\u00e9 chatr\u010di spolu se sv\u00fdm um\u00edraj\u00edc\u00edm pacientem.<\/p>\n

Opravdu to neb\u00fdvala \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 idyla. A proto\u017ee Klostermannovi pozd\u011bji \u017eili v bl\u00edzkosti r\u016fzn\u00fdch p\u00e1n\u016f a s\u00e1m spisovatel velmi t\u00edhl k rom\u00e1nsk\u00e9 kultu\u0159e, objevuj\u00ed se pak v dosp\u011blosti na\u0161eho spisovatele na v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edm stole pravideln\u011b nad\u00edvan\u00ed \u0161neci. V\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed zvyky se zkr\u00e1tka postupn\u011b m\u011bn\u00ed, av\u0161ak jejich poselstv\u00ed z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1. Jen kdysi b\u00fdvaly na \u0160umav\u011b V\u00e1noce velmi intenzivn\u00edm pro\u017eitkem. V\u017edy\u0165 na horsk\u00fdch z\u00e1pra\u017e\u00edch \u010dasto koledovala s \u017eivotem i smrt. Ale tak to ostatn\u011b jde od po\u010d\u00e1tku lidsk\u00fdch d\u011bjin.<\/p>\n

Zdroj: Ond\u0159ej Fibich<\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed \u010das <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":118376,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[32],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/25\/bo\u017e\u00ed-hod-titul.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/86896"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=86896"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/86896\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":118384,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/86896\/revisions\/118384"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/118376"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=86896"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=86896"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=86896"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}