![\"\"](\"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/11\/\u0161umavsk\u00e9-gaudete.jpg\")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Adventn\u00ed a v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed \u010das je dobou zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed, v pr\u016fb\u011bhu roku jedine\u010dnou. Snad k tomu p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 kr\u00e1tk\u00fd den a dlouh\u00e1 doba tmy, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee \u010dlov\u011bka v jeho aktivit\u011b trochu tlumit a tak\u00e9 n\u011bkdy odkazuje k tomu, \u010d\u00edm se b\u011b\u017en\u011b nezab\u00fdv\u00e1. Spousta lid\u00ed m\u00e1 pocit, \u017ee p\u0159ib\u00fdv\u00e1 temnoty a ho\u0159kosti i v na\u0161\u00ed spole\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n
Jak je to d\u00e1vno: b\u00edl\u00e9 st\u0159echy,<\/em> Tajemstv\u00ed patrn\u011b je tla\u010d\u00ed,<\/em> \u010cas let\u00ed prudce! T\u0159eskni \u010d\u00ed\u0161\u00ed. .<\/em>……..Jaroslav Seifert<\/p>\n Nad\u011bje z\u00edt\u0159ka je nad\u011bj\u00ed sv\u011btla, a pokud si dok\u00e1\u017eeme p\u0159ipustit, \u017ee na konci ka\u017ed\u00e9ho zklam\u00e1n\u00ed, prohry \u010di bolesti u\u017e n\u011bkdo prosv\u00edt\u00e1 sv\u011btlo, abychom nebloudili a nestali se malov\u011brn\u00fdmi, tak jsme u\u017e velmi bl\u00edzko tajemstv\u00ed v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed zv\u011bsti.<\/p>\n Kdy\u017e se mnoz\u00ed z n\u00e1s po \u010dty\u0159i p\u0159edv\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed ned\u011ble na p\u016fvodn\u00ed n\u00e1pl\u0148 adventn\u00edho obdob\u00ed nerozpomenou, p\u0159etrv\u00e1v\u00e1 v na\u0161\u00ed kultu\u0159e \u0159ada adventn\u00edch zvyk\u016f, symbol\u016f a sv\u00e1tk\u016f, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1m p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed nejeden okam\u017eik tich\u00e9 radosti V\u00e1noce p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed sv\u00e1tky duchovn\u00edho rozm\u011bru a pokud ten pominete, ve\u0161ker\u00e9 sna\u017een\u00ed p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed vnive\u010d.<\/p>\n Doba V\u00e1noc pat\u0159\u00ed mezi nejv\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed dobu bilancov\u00e1n\u00ed. Uv\u011bdomujeme si, jak p\u0159es ve\u0161ker\u00e9 sna\u017een\u00ed nedok\u00e1\u017eeme v mezilidsk\u00fdch vztaz\u00edch d\u00e1vat to, co bychom m\u011bli a tak velmi velmi cht\u011bli. Pono\u0159te se do atmosf\u00e9ry pln\u00e9 v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed hudby, zdramatizovan\u00fdch biblick\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016f a v\u016fn\u011b linouc\u00ed se ze st\u00e1nk\u016f s pe\u010den\u00fdmi ka\u0161tany, pra\u017een\u00fdmi mandlemi, hork\u00fdm pun\u010dem \u010di sva\u0159en\u00fdm v\u00ednem Uvid\u00edte, \u017ee ta prav\u00e1 v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed atmosf\u00e9ra zaklepe na dve\u0159e sama.<\/p>\n P\u0159ipomeneme si historii adventn\u00edho kalend\u00e1\u0159e. Ta sah\u00e1 a\u017e do roku 1851, kdy byl ru\u010dn\u011b vyroben \u00fapln\u011b prvn\u00ed kalend\u00e1\u0159 spjat\u00fd s k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00fdm adventem. D\u0159\u00edve ne\u017e se podoba adventn\u00edch kalend\u00e1\u0159\u016f ust\u00e1lila na obr\u00e1zky s otev\u00edrac\u00edmi ok\u00e9nky napln\u011bn\u00fdmi kouskem \u010dokol\u00e1dy \u010di jinou sladkost\u00ed, b\u00fdvaly adventn\u00ed kalend\u00e1\u0159e doslova sp\u00ed\u0161e um\u011bleck\u00fdmi d\u00edly.<\/p>\n Prvn\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00fd ru\u010dn\u011b vyroben\u00fd adventn\u00ed kalend\u00e1\u0159 poch\u00e1z\u00ed z roku 1851. Prvn\u00ed ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00fd kalend\u00e1\u0159 s mal\u00fdmi barevn\u00fdmi obr\u00e1zky p\u0159ilepen\u00fdmi na lepence vyrobil v roce 1908 n\u00e1padit\u00fd mnichovsk\u00fd tiska\u0159 Gerhard Lang z Maulbronnu ( 1881 – 1974 ), kter\u00fd byl spolumajitelem tisk\u00e1rny Reichhold & Lang v Mnichov\u011b. Prvn\u00ed v\u00fdtisk adventn\u00edho kalend\u00e1\u0159e v Evrop\u011b Gerhard Lang tehdy vytiskl a vlastn\u00edm n\u00e1kladem vydal vyst\u0159ihovac\u00ed kalend\u00e1\u0159 s n\u00e1zvem \u201eMnichovsk\u00fd adventn\u00ed kalend\u00e1\u0159 – v zemi Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161kov\u011b\u201c.<\/p>\n Tento \u201eMnichovsk\u00fd v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed kalend\u00e1\u0159\u201d nem\u011bl je\u0161t\u011b otev\u00edrac\u00ed ok\u00e9nka, av\u0161ak ji\u017e na po\u010d\u00e1tku 20. stolet\u00ed u\u017e Lang vyd\u00e1v\u00e1 prvn\u00ed adventn\u00ed kalend\u00e1\u0159 s mal\u00fdmi otev\u00edrac\u00edmi ok\u00e9nky. Tato n\u00e1sledn\u011b dopl\u0148oval o sladkosti, vylep\u0161oval technologii tisku i obr\u00e1zky a tak se mu poda\u0159ilo vyvinout prvn\u00ed komer\u010dn\u011b \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd adventn\u00ed kalend\u00e1\u0159 na sv\u011bt\u011b. A n\u00e1sledoval \u00fasp\u011bch adventn\u00edch kalend\u00e1\u0159\u016f v evropsk\u00fdch zem\u00edch.<\/p>\n Na adventn\u00edch kalend\u00e1\u0159\u00edch, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1sledovaly po Langov\u011b vzoru, byly r\u016fzn\u00fdmi um\u011blci vyobrazen\u00e9 liturgick\u00e9 v\u00fdjevy z bible a vypadaly jako \u010d\u00e1sti vesnic nebo m\u011bst s d\u016fmysln\u011b schovan\u00fdmi ok\u00e9nky. Byly vyr\u00e1b\u011bny v mal\u00fdch d\u00edln\u00e1ch z tvrd\u00e9ho pap\u00edru a ve sv\u00fdch ok\u00e9nk\u00e1ch skr\u00fdvaly obr\u00e1zky, ver\u0161\u00edky \u010di biblick\u00e9 cit\u00e1ty.<\/p>\n Adventn\u00ed kalend\u00e1\u0159 n\u00e1sledn\u011b slav\u00ed \u00fasp\u011bch po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b, av\u0161ak jeho \u00fasp\u011bch p\u0159eru\u0161ila druh\u00e1 sv\u011btov\u00e1 v\u00e1lka, kdy nedostatek pap\u00edru a zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed se na v\u00e1le\u010dnou v\u00fdrobu tisk adventn\u00edch kalend\u00e1\u0159\u016f t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 znemo\u017enila. Po proh\u0159e nacistick\u00e9ho N\u011bmecka se v\u0161ak ji\u017e v prvn\u00edch letech adventn\u00ed kalend\u00e1\u0159e dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed op\u011bt na v\u00fdslun\u00ed v mnoha evropsk\u00fdch zem\u00edch.<\/p>\n V pades\u00e1t\u00fdch a \u0161edes\u00e1t\u00fdch letech 20. stolet\u00ed se adventn\u00ed kalend\u00e1\u0159e za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed objevovat na pultech prodejc\u016f v\u011bt\u0161iny evropsk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f, kdy ka\u017ed\u00fd n\u00e1rod si b\u011bhem n\u011bkolika let snadno vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed vlastn\u00ed variantu p\u0159edv\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edho kalend\u00e1\u0159e, kter\u00fd charakterizuje v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed c\u00edt\u011bn\u00ed tradice konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed zem\u011b. Jak\u00e9 je hlavn\u00ed poselstv\u00ed adventn\u00edho kalend\u00e1\u0159e?<\/p>\n P\u016fvodn\u00edm c\u00edlem adventn\u00edho kalend\u00e1\u0159e je p\u0159ipomenout d\u011btem v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed ud\u00e1lost popisovanou v Bibli a rovn\u011b\u017e jim zp\u0159\u00edjemnit \u010dek\u00e1n\u00ed na v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed d\u00e1rky. Av\u0161ak adventn\u00ed kalend\u00e1\u0159 nem\u00e1 pouze plnit funkci z\u00e1bavnou \u2013 adventn\u00ed kalend\u00e1\u0159 v sob\u011b p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed i samotn\u00e9 poselstv\u00ed adventn\u00edho \u010dasu, tedy doby, kdy se k\u0159es\u0165an\u00e9 p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed na V\u00e1noce. N\u00e1bo\u017eenskou podstatou V\u00e1noc je oslava narozen\u00ed Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e Krista, kdy tento p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh a okolnosti narozen\u00ed Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e jsou \u010dasto zn\u00e1zor\u0148ov\u00e1ny pomoc\u00ed v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edch betl\u00e9m\u016f.<\/p>\n Adventn\u00ed kalend\u00e1\u0159 v sob\u011b skr\u00fdv\u00e1 poselstv\u00ed, kter\u00e9 bychom v\u017edy m\u011bli m\u00edt na pam\u011bti, a to nejen v souvislosti s V\u00e1noci: Nikoliv n\u00e1hodou se forma adventn\u00edch kalend\u00e1\u0159\u016f ust\u00e1lila v podob\u011b otev\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed ok\u00e9nek \u010di dv\u00ed\u0159ek, nebo\u0165 tyto maj\u00ed vypov\u00eddat rovn\u011b\u017e o vnit\u0159n\u00ed otev\u0159enosti \u2013 otev\u0159enosti pro druh\u00e9 lidi, otev\u0159enost ke kon\u00e1n\u00ed dobra.<\/p>\n A na konec jednu pov\u011bst z Po\u0161umav\u00ed.<\/strong> Jeden z\u00e1mo\u017en\u00fd sedl\u00e1k ze Z\u00e1lezel chod\u00edval pravideln\u011b o Adventu na ror\u00e1ty. Jednou se probudil d\u0159\u00edve, koukne na hodiny, ale ty st\u00e1ly, nebo\u0165 je zapomn\u011bl nat\u00e1hnout. Obl\u00e9kl se a vyrazil za tmy do malenick\u00e9ho kostela. Lucerna v rukou v\u0161ak sv\u00edtila mizern\u011b, a tak byl r\u00e1d \u017ee doklop\u00fdtal na vrch zvan\u00fd \u010ce\u0159enec. Tu uvid\u011bl na Velk\u00fdch luk\u00e1ch n\u011bjak\u00e1 sv\u011bt\u00e9lka a zaradoval se, \u017ee jdou dal\u0161\u00ed sousedi. Ale n\u00e1hle si vzpomn\u011bl, \u017ee v t\u011bch m\u00edstech jsou ba\u017einy a velice se ulekl. A tu u\u017e kolem n\u011bj sk\u00e1\u010dou sv\u011bt\u00e9lka a vedou ho cestou necestou. U \u010cerven\u00e9ho k\u0159\u00ed\u017ee sklesl a omdlel. Kdy\u017e se probral, byla kolem n\u011bj zase jen tma. Nakonec se dotrm\u00e1cel do Malenic a zaklepal na prvn\u00ed ok\u00e9nko. Kdy\u017e vyjeven\u00fdm soused\u016fm, nebo\u0165 byly dv\u011b hodiny s p\u016flnoci, vypr\u00e1v\u011bl, co za\u017eil, nechali jej u sebe, a\u017e p\u0159i\u0161el skute\u010dn\u00fd \u010das na m\u0161i. Kdy\u017e se vr\u00e1til dom\u016f, p\u0159i\u0161lo mu, \u017ee je to znamen\u00ed odchodu z tohoto sv\u011bta. I odk\u00e1zal sv\u00e9 jm\u011bn\u00ed k malenick\u00e9mu kostelu, pok\u0159es\u0165ansku se roz\u017eehnal se sv\u011btem a za n\u011bkolik dn\u00ed skonal.<\/em><\/p>\n Zdroj: Adolf Dan\u011bk, Rukopisn\u00e1 poz\u016fstalost, Muzeum St\u0159edn\u00edho Pootav\u00ed Strakonice<\/strong><\/p>\n P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u201eGaudete\u201c – <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":117108,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[32],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/08\/\u0161umavsk\u00e9-gaudete-titul.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/85341"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=85341"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/85341\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":117509,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/85341\/revisions\/117509"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/117108"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=85341"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=85341"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=85341"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\n pod prsty zlato na o\u0159echy,<\/em>
\n maminka sladk\u00e9 mandle kr\u00e1j\u00ed<\/em>
\n a d\u011bti ani nedutaj\u00ed.<\/em><\/p>\n
\n stromek je sv\u00e1z\u00e1n na pavla\u010di.<\/em>
\n Pak n\u00e1hle jako o sklo mince<\/em>
\n zazvon\u00ed zvonek. Ti\u0161\u0161\u00ed, ti\u0161\u0161\u00ed<\/em>
\n je smutek v\u017edycky p\u0159i vzpom\u00ednce.<\/em><\/p>\n