{"id":53588,"date":"2016-03-28T18:24:35","date_gmt":"2016-03-28T17:24:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=53588"},"modified":"2016-04-07T18:40:37","modified_gmt":"2016-04-07T17:40:37","slug":"stara-sumava-slava-horickych-pasiji-prilakala-zajem-i-americke-filmove-produkcni-spolecnosti-bratri-lumieru","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=53588","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA: Ho\u0159ick\u00e9 pa\u0161ije p\u0159il\u00e1kaly z\u00e1jem i americk\u00e9 filmov\u00e9 produk\u010dn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti brat\u0159\u00ed Lumi\u00e8r\u016f"},"content":{"rendered":"

VELIKONO\u010cN\u00cd POND\u011aL\u00cd A PA\u0160IJOV\u00c9 HRY V HO\u0158IC\u00cdCH NA \u0160UMAV\u011a……..
\nNe\u017e se rozlou\u010d\u00edme se sv\u00e1tky jara, tak si p\u0159ipomeneme Ho\u0159ick\u00e9 pa\u0161ijov\u00e9 hry. Velikono\u010dn\u00ed pond\u011bl\u00ed naz\u00fdv\u00e1no n\u011bkde \u010cerven\u00e9 pond\u011bl\u00ed. Tento n\u00e1zev byl odvozen od barvy vajec, kter\u00e1 se d\u0159\u00edve barvila vesm\u011bs jen na \u010derveno. N\u011bkde se tomuto dni \u0159\u00edkalo poml\u00e1zka – od slova omlazovati, jinde koleda- tedy obecn\u011b obch\u016fzka, p\u0159i n\u00ed\u017e je koledn\u00edk odm\u011bn\u011bn za od\u0159\u00edkan\u00e9 ver\u0161e \u2013 o Velikonoc\u00edch p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm r\u016fzn\u011b zdoben\u00fdmi vejci.<\/p>\n

Vejce bylo u Slovan\u016f od d\u00e1vnov\u011bku symbolem \u017eivota a poz\u016fstatky po na \u010derveno nabarven\u00fdch vejc\u00edch byly nalezeny ji\u017e v pohansk\u00fdch hrobech. Obl\u00edben\u00fd n\u00e1rodn\u00ed zvyk, podle n\u011bho\u017e chod\u00ed chlapci na Velikono\u010dn\u00ed pond\u011bl\u00ed \u0161lehat d\u011bv\u010data je velmi starobyl\u00fd a zachycuje jej ji\u017e ve 14. stolet\u00ed pra\u017esk\u00fd kazatel Konr\u00e1d Waldhauser ve sv\u00e9 Postille. Pr\u00e1v\u011b s\u00edla mlad\u00e9ho vrbov\u00e9ho proutku na z\u00e1klad\u011b prastar\u00e9 v\u00edry v magii dotyku se m\u00e1 p\u0159en\u00e9st na ka\u017ed\u00e9ho, koho se dotkne a p\u0159in\u00e9st mu sv\u011b\u017eest a zdrav\u00ed. Do domu pak poml\u00e1zka p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed \u00farodu, blahobyt a \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Ka\u017ed\u00fdm rokem putuj\u00ed tis\u00edce a tis\u00edce lid\u00ed n\u011bkam ven do n\u00e1ru\u010de Bo\u017e\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrody, do d\u00e1lek sv\u011bta, za pozn\u00e1n\u00edm jin\u00fdch zem\u00ed a jin\u00fdch kon\u010din, jin\u00fdch m\u011bst a vs\u00ed i jejich obyvatel se sv\u00e9r\u00e1zem oby\u010dej\u016f a mrav\u016f. Proud cestychtiv\u00fdch poutn\u00edk\u016f m\u00edj\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fdm rokem po velk\u00fdch \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00edch tras\u00e1ch \u0160umavu a v\u0161ichni ti, kdo v n\u011bm m\u00ed\u0159\u00ed do Alp a\u017e za sv\u00fdm c\u00edlem, v\u016fbec netu\u0161\u00ed, \u017ee za t\u011bmi povlovn\u011b se vr\u0161\u00edc\u00edmi h\u0159ebeny, kter\u00e9 lemuj\u00ed tra\u0165, je utajen mal\u00fd sv\u011bt pln\u00fd nejryzej\u0161\u00edch a nejvzne\u0161en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch kr\u00e1s, n\u00e1dhern\u00e1 \u0160umava.<\/p>\n

P\u016fvod \u0161umavsk\u00fdch pa\u0161ijov\u00fdch her le\u017e\u00ed tu v Ho\u0159ic\u00edch na \u0160umav\u011b (H\u00f6ritz) sam\u00fdch, kde zdej\u0161\u00ed ob\u010dan a tkalcovsk\u00fd mistr Paul Gr\u00f6llhesl v roce 1816 sestavil a sepsal podle star\u00fdch dom\u00e1c\u00edch pod\u00e1n\u00ed trag\u00e9dii s n\u00e1zvem Utrpen\u00ed a smrt Na\u0161eho P\u00e1na Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e Krista s p\u0159edehrou Zh\u0159e\u0161en\u00ed prv\u00fdch lid\u00ed v r\u00e1ji. Ve velmi prost\u00e9 a st\u0159\u00eddm\u00e9 podob\u011b b\u00fdvala v t\u00e9 dob\u011b hra inscenov\u00e1na ve velk\u00e9m s\u00e1le hostince pana Thomy. Tato proveden\u00ed hry se omezovala jen na Ho\u0159ice na \u0160umav\u011b samy a jejich nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00ed okol\u00ed. I pozornosti vzd\u011blan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti \u0161umavsk\u00e9ho obyvatelstva ho\u0159ick\u00e1 hra t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 zcela unikla a tak\u00e9 sami obyvatel\u00e9 m\u011bste\u010dka nem\u011bli z v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti o n\u00ed nijakou pov\u011bdomost.<\/p>\n

Tak se tedy zrodilo kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 d\u00edlo pa\u0161ijov\u00fdch her v Ho\u0159ic\u00edch na \u0160umav\u011b. Sl\u00e1va Ho\u0159ick\u00fdch pa\u0161ij\u00ed p\u0159il\u00e1kala v roce 1897 z\u00e1jem i americk\u00e9 filmov\u00e9 produk\u010dn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti brat\u0159\u00ed Lumi\u00e8r\u016f. Ta vyu\u017eila pro nat\u00e1\u010den\u00ed filmu prom\u00edtan\u00e9ho pozd\u011bji jen v americk\u00fdch kinech celou pa\u0161ijovou sez\u00f3nu. V roce 1893 n\u011bmeck\u00fd spolek B\u00f6hmerwaldund proto financoval stavbu velk\u00e9ho divadla s velkolep\u00fdm sc\u00e9nick\u00fdm vybaven\u00edm, bohat\u00fdmi kost\u00fdmy a malovan\u00fdmi oponami. A ani v hledi\u0161ti se sametem ne\u0161et\u0159ilo.<\/p>\n

Nov\u011b zbudovan\u00fd “Spielhaus”, kter\u00fd v hledi\u0161ti pojme a\u017e 1500 sed\u00edc\u00edch div\u00e1k\u016f, chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch proti v\u0161em rozmar\u016fm po\u010das\u00ed, prostorn\u00e9 jevi\u0161t\u011b, dekorace vytvo\u0159en\u00e9 rukou um\u011blcovou, vlastn\u00ed varhany a dob\u0159e \u0161kolen\u00fd orchestr, dopln\u011bn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edkladn\u011b secvi\u010den\u00fdm sborem o s\u00edle 40 \u010dlen\u016f, za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed zapojen\u00ed n\u00e1dhern\u00fdch sv\u011bteln\u00fdch efekt\u016f, to v\u0161e \u010din\u00ed z ka\u017ed\u00e9ho p\u0159edstaven\u00ed z\u00e1\u017eitek, kter\u00fd se natrvalo vr\u00fdv\u00e1 do pam\u011bti. 300 \u00fa\u010dinkuj\u00edc\u00edch, v\u00fdhradn\u011b to m\u00edstn\u00edch obyvatel, p\u0159estrojen\u00fdch do historicky v\u011brn\u00fdch kost\u00fdm\u016f, p\u0159edv\u00e1d\u00ed d\u011bj utrpen\u00ed Kristova publiku v pe\u010dliv\u011b p\u0159ipraven\u00e9m hereck\u00e9m pod\u00e1n\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e sami akt\u00e9\u0159i propadaj\u00ed pln\u011b kouzlu biblick\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu.<\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e byla v \u0159\u00edjnu 1938 \u0160umava p\u0159ivt\u011blena k N\u011bmeck\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161i, bylo Ho\u0159ick\u00fdm ze \u017eupn\u00edho veden\u00ed v Linci navr\u017eeno, aby p\u0159ipravili uk\u00e1zkovou inscenaci pa\u0161ijov\u00fdch her, kterou by snad m\u011bl nav\u0161t\u00edvit s\u00e1m Hitler, s uji\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm, \u017ee v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, kdyby se hry l\u00edbily, mohly by Ho\u0159ice z prost\u0159edk\u016f strany nam\u00edsto se\u0161l\u00e9 u\u017e d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9 divadeln\u00ed budovy postavit pro zdej\u0161\u00ed pa\u0161ije modern\u00ed a solidn\u00ed are\u00e1l nov\u00fd.St\u00e1le se zost\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed druh\u00e1 sv\u011btov\u00e1 v\u00e1lka u\u010dinila potom ve\u0161ker\u00fdm dal\u0161\u00edm pokus\u016fm konec.<\/p>\n

Divadeln\u00ed budova se nakonec stala skladem wehrmachtu, kde byly ulo\u017eeny cel\u00e9 n\u00e1kladn\u00ed vlaky vojensk\u00fdch uniforem a v\u0161emo\u017en\u00e9ho zbrojn\u00edho p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161enstv\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na pro Afrikakorps. Kdy\u017e posl\u00e9ze v\u0161echno padlo do rukou \u010cech\u016fm, vybavili t\u00edm Sbor n\u00e1rodn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti (SNB).<\/p>\n

Pot\u00e9, co po 8. kv\u011btnu 1945 vt\u00e1hli do Ho\u0159ic ameri\u010dt\u00ed osvoboditel\u00e9, po\u0159\u00e1dali o ned\u011bl\u00edch na sc\u00e9n\u011b pa\u0161ijov\u00fdch her tane\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1bavy.Komunistick\u00fd p\u0159evrat pak dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edstaven\u00ed her znemo\u017enil ov\u0161em i \u010desk\u00fdm jejich po\u0159adatel\u016fm \u00fapln\u011b. To, co bylo z invent\u00e1\u0159e divadla je\u0161t\u011b pou\u017eiteln\u00e9, rozebrala si \u010desk\u00e1 divadla. Sn\u00edh pozd\u011bji st\u0159echu divadeln\u00ed budovy pa\u0161ijov\u00fdch her prost\u011b probo\u0159il svou vahou.<\/p>\n

\u010ce\u0161i, Slov\u00e1ci a Romov\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed po vyhn\u00e1n\u00ed N\u011bmc\u016f \u0160umavu os\u00eddlili, sm\u011bli mezit\u00edm tak jako tak podle vlastn\u00ed pot\u0159eby spalovat d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti jej\u00ed stavebn\u00ed konstrukce ve “sv\u00fdch” kamnech, pon\u011bvad\u017e zest\u00e1tn\u011bn\u00fd les byl nedotknuteln\u00fd a z\u00e1sobov\u00e1n\u00ed uhl\u00edm v zemi dom\u00e1c\u00edmu otopu rozhodn\u011b neposta\u010dovalo.<\/p>\n

Po\u00fanorov\u00e1 likvidace pa\u0161ijov\u00e9ho are\u00e1lu souvisela se snahou vymazat tuto v\u00fdznamnou tradici z kolektivn\u00ed pam\u011bti \u010desk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti. Roku 1993 obnoven\u00e9 pa\u0161ijov\u00e9 hry dodnes p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00ed n\u011bkdej\u0161\u00ed sl\u00e1vu \u0161umavsk\u00e9ho mysteria. Dne\u0161n\u00ed pa\u0161ijov\u00e9 hry se odehr\u00e1vaj\u00ed na venkovn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed sc\u00e9n\u011b v sousedstv\u00ed b\u00fdval\u00e9 divadeln\u00ed budovy a ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b p\u0159iv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed do Ho\u0159ic na \u0160umav\u011b div\u00e1ky z \u010cech i zahrani\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Zdroj: Zur Heimatkunde des B\u00f6hmerwaldes – Beitr\u00e4ge aus der Monatschrift “Hoam!” 1948-1957<\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n