{"id":383159,"date":"2026-08-19T08:44:27","date_gmt":"2026-08-19T07:44:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=383159"},"modified":"2026-08-19T08:46:50","modified_gmt":"2026-08-19T07:46:50","slug":"ceska-republika-osmdesatilety-provoz-ceskych-jadernych-elektraren-digitalizace-a-desitky-technologickych-inovaci-rocne","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=383159","title":{"rendered":"\u010cR: Osmdes\u00e1tilet\u00fd provoz jadern\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren: digitalizace a ro\u010dn\u011b des\u00edtky technologick\u00fdch inovac\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Elektr\u00e1rna Temel\u00edn vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 um\u011blou inteligenci, kdy podle jej\u00edch anal\u00fdz mohou oper\u00e1to\u0159i optim\u00e1ln\u011b nastavit pomocn\u00e9 syst\u00e9my, aby elektr\u00e1rna pracovala co nejefektivn\u011bji.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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Rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 digit\u00e1ln\u00ed aplikace a modely, on-line diagnostika a \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, um\u011bl\u00e1 inteligence, automatizovan\u00e9 kontroly, robotick\u00e9 technologie, 3D tisk nebo nov\u00e9 metody oprav a renovac\u00ed materi\u00e1l\u016f. Vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00fdch technologi\u00ed je jedn\u00edm ze z\u00e1klad\u016f dlouhodob\u00e9ho bezpe\u010dn\u00e9ho a efektivn\u00edho provozu Dukovan a Temel\u00edna. Ka\u017ed\u00fd rok v souvislosti s dlouhodob\u00fdm provozem zav\u00e1d\u00ed \u010cEZ v\u00edce ne\u017e 20 technologick\u00fdch novinek.<\/h6>\n

\u00datlum v\u00fdroby elekt\u0159iny v uheln\u00fdch elektr\u00e1rn\u00e1ch, rozvoj datov\u00fdch center a um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence, elektrifikace dopravy nebo modernizace pr\u016fmyslu. I kv\u016fli tomuto v\u00fdhledu d\u00e1l roste v\u00fdznam stabiln\u00edch bezemisn\u00edch zdroj\u016f, zahrnuj\u00edc\u00edch jak p\u0159ipravovan\u00e9 nov\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 zdroje, tak i dlouhodob\u00fd provoz st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch jadern\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren Dukovany a Temel\u00edn. U nich te\u010f \u010cEZ ozn\u00e1mil z\u00e1m\u011br provozovat je a\u017e 80 let.<\/p>\n

\u201eA\u017e osmdes\u00e1tilet\u00fd provoz jadern\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren nen\u00ed jednor\u00e1zov\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed. Je to v\u00fdsledek dlouhodob\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce zalo\u017een\u00e9 na pravideln\u00e9m hodnocen\u00ed stavu za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdch moderniza\u010dn\u00edch programech a zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed pln\u011bn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch po\u017eadavk\u016f. Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed cel\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu jsou p\u0159itom nov\u00e9 technologie, kter\u00e9 aplikujeme nebo i sami vyv\u00edj\u00edme,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 \u010dlen p\u0159edstavenstva a \u0159editel divize jadern\u00e1 energetika Bohdan Zronek.<\/p>\n

V pr\u016fm\u011bru po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 spole\u010dnost \u010cEZ s ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u00ed investic\u00ed do jadern\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren ve v\u00fd\u0161i 10\u201312 miliard korun. Ty jsou mj. zam\u011b\u0159eny na obnovu technologick\u00fdch celk\u016f, modernizaci \u0159\u00eddic\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f, diagnostiky nebo posilov\u00e1n\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch prvk\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b n\u00e1klad\u016f na v\u00fdvoj a po\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed jadern\u00e9ho paliva.<\/p>\n

U\u017e v minul\u00fdch letech se p\u0159itom d\u00edky modernizac\u00edm za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed poda\u0159ilo bezpe\u010dn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161it v\u00fdkon obou \u010desk\u00fdch jadern\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren. \u010cesk\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 zdroje maj\u00ed dnes o cca 500 MW vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdkon ne\u017e v dob\u011b sv\u00e9ho uveden\u00ed do provozu.<\/p>\n

Digitalizace jadern\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren<\/h6>\n

Jedn\u00edm z nejviditeln\u011bj\u0161\u00edch trend\u016f posledn\u00edch let je rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 digitalizace provozu.<\/p>\n

\u201eBez p\u0159eh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed pat\u0159\u00edme v digitalizaci mezi sv\u011btovou \u0161pi\u010dku. M\u00e1me detailn\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00ed modely kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch technologick\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f i stavebn\u00edch objekt\u016f. Tak\u017ee m\u016f\u017eeme p\u0159esn\u011b pl\u00e1novat \u00fadr\u017ebu, modernizace, nebo sledovat stav za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v re\u00e1ln\u00e9m \u010dase. V podstat\u011b jsme \u00fapln\u011b odstranili pap\u00edr. Na druhou stranu ale nem\u011bn\u00edme princip, \u017ee kone\u010dn\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed a odpov\u011bdnost nese kvalifikovan\u00fd odborn\u00edk. Nov\u00e9 technologie jsou n\u00e1strojem podpory lid\u00ed, nikoli jejich n\u00e1hrada,\u201c<\/em> vysv\u011btluje exekutivn\u00ed mana\u017eer IT jadern\u00e9 divize Miroslav Choura.<\/p>\n

To plat\u00ed i v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence. Pom\u00e1h\u00e1 oper\u00e1tor\u016fm nap\u0159\u00edklad optimalizovat nastaven\u00ed pomocn\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f nebo vyhodnocovat provozn\u00ed data a v\u00fdsledky kontrol.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdznamnou roli p\u0159i zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed bezpe\u010dn\u00e9ho provozu hraj\u00ed i pokro\u010dil\u00e9 metody diagnostiky a kontroly za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. \u010cesk\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00ed rentgeny, \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00e9 ultrazvukov\u00e9 metody, automatizovan\u00e9 vyhodnocov\u00e1n\u00ed dat nebo specializovan\u00e9 robotick\u00e9 syst\u00e9my.<\/p>\n

3D tisk a dal\u0161\u00ed modern\u00ed technologie<\/h6>\n

\u201eTyto n\u00e1stroje n\u00e1m umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed s mimo\u0159\u00e1dnou p\u0159esnost\u00ed sledovat stav za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b tlakov\u00fdch n\u00e1dob reaktor\u016f, potrubn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f, parogener\u00e1tor\u016f a dal\u0161\u00edch bezpe\u010dnostn\u011b v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch komponent. D\u00edky tomu m\u016f\u017eeme pl\u00e1novat dlouhodob\u00fd provoz i pot\u0159ebnou \u00fadr\u017ebu nebo modernizace,\u201c<\/em> dopl\u0148uje \u0159editel \u00fatvaru kvalita jadern\u00e9 divize Zden\u011bk \u010can\u010dura.<\/p>\n

Velk\u00fdm posunem proch\u00e1z\u00ed rovn\u011b\u017e oblast sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed. Modern\u00ed automatizovan\u00e9 syst\u00e9my dok\u00e1\u017eou pracovat nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u011b po mnoho hodin a zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed vysokou kvalitu i opakovatelnost v\u00fdsledk\u016f. Sou\u010dasn\u011b se do praxe zav\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed nov\u00e9 metody a materi\u00e1ly povrchov\u00fdch \u00faprav a oprav materi\u00e1l\u016f, nap\u0159\u00edklad metoda Cold Spray nebo modern\u00ed laserov\u00e9 sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n

St\u00e1le v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdznam z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 tak\u00e9 modern\u00ed 3D tisk n\u00e1hradn\u00edch d\u00edl\u016f a komponent. \u010cesk\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny dnes vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed 3D tisk nejen pro v\u00fdrobu pomocn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpravk\u016f, ale i n\u00e1hradn\u00edch d\u00edl\u016f v\u010detn\u011b kovov\u00fdch sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed. D\u00edky tomu lze pru\u017en\u011b reagovat na pot\u0159eby provozu a zajistit polo\u017eky, kter\u00e9 ji\u017e nap\u0159. nejsou b\u011b\u017en\u011b dostupn\u00e9 na trhu.<\/p>\n

Know-how vybudovan\u00e9 p\u0159i provozu a modernizaci Dukovan a Temel\u00edna vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed \u010desk\u00e9 firmy nejen doma, ale tak\u00e9 p\u0159i projektech v zahrani\u010d\u00ed. \u0158ada technologi\u00ed, kter\u00e9 byly p\u016fvodn\u011b vyvinuty nebo zdokonaleny pro pot\u0159eby jadern\u00e9 energetiky, dnes nach\u00e1z\u00ed uplatn\u011bn\u00ed i v dal\u0161\u00edch pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch odv\u011btv\u00edch.<\/p>\n

Prodlou\u017een\u00e9 palivov\u00e9 kampan\u011b<\/h6>\n

Jadern\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny Skupiny \u010cEZ v uplynul\u00fdch letech postupn\u011b p\u0159e\u0161ly na prodlou\u017een\u00e9 palivov\u00e9 kampan\u011b. V Dukovanech je od roku 2024 standardem \u0161estn\u00e1ctim\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed palivov\u00e1 kampa\u0148, kdy provoz blok\u016f mezi odst\u00e1vkami trv\u00e1 \u010dtrn\u00e1ct m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f a n\u00e1sleduje v\u00edce ne\u017e m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed odst\u00e1vka. P\u0159echod na del\u0161\u00ed, konkr\u00e9tn\u011b osmn\u00e1ctim\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed palivovou kampa\u0148, letos dokon\u010d\u00ed i Temel\u00edn. V jeho p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b to znamen\u00e1 \u0161estn\u00e1ct m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f provozu a p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b dva m\u011bs\u00edce odst\u00e1vky. Druh\u00fd blok temel\u00ednsk\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny v tomto re\u017eimu u\u017e pracuje, prvn\u00ed blok do kone\u010dn\u00e9 f\u00e1ze del\u0161\u00ed palivov\u00e9 kampan\u011b p\u0159ejde na podzim leto\u0161n\u00edho roku. C\u00edlem t\u011bchto zm\u011bn je zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed celkov\u00e9 v\u00fdroby elekt\u0159iny, efektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed jadern\u00e9ho paliva a ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed technologie d\u00edky stabilit\u011b provozn\u00edch parametr\u016f.<\/p>\n

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    \n
  • Od za\u010d\u00e1tku roku elektr\u00e1rny Dukovany a Temel\u00edn<\/strong> vyrobily 19,5 terawatthodin elekt\u0159iny. Jde o zdroje, kter\u00e9 v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice produkuj\u00ed nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed \u010dist\u00e9 elektrick\u00e9 energie a pod\u00edl\u00ed se tak v\u00fdraznou m\u011brou na bezemisn\u00ed v\u00fdrob\u011b Skupiny \u010cEZ. Ro\u010dn\u011b se d\u00edky jadern\u00fdm elektr\u00e1rn\u00e1m nevypust\u00ed do ovzdu\u0161\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b dv\u011b des\u00edtky mili\u00f3n\u016f tun CO2.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Marek SVIT\u00c1K, \u010cEZ<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Foto: archiv \u010cEZ<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \"\"
    Temel\u00edn pokra\u010duje v roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed modern\u00edch metod. M\u016f\u017ee tak s velkou p\u0159esnost\u00ed sledovat stav za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, pl\u00e1novat \u00fadr\u017ebu nebo modernizace, co\u017e je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pro dlouhodob\u00fd provoz.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \"\"
    V Jadern\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rn\u011b Temel\u00edn odborn\u00edci \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed revolu\u010dn\u00ed metodu nan\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed kov\u016f s n\u00e1zvem \u201eCold Spray\u201c. Moden\u00ed metoda umo\u017e\u0148uje opravy bez \u017e\u00e1ru a rizika po\u0161kozen\u00ed materi\u00e1l.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
    \n

     <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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