{"id":379388,"date":"2026-07-02T09:46:16","date_gmt":"2026-07-02T08:46:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=379388"},"modified":"2026-07-02T09:46:16","modified_gmt":"2026-07-02T08:46:16","slug":"dtest-najemci-znate-sva-prava","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=379388","title":{"rendered":"dTest: N\u00e1jemci, zn\u00e1te sv\u00e1 pr\u00e1va?"},"content":{"rendered":"
Dostali jste ne\u010dekanou v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f z bytu, nebo naopak pot\u0159ebujete odej\u00edt z n\u00e1jmu p\u0159ed uplynut\u00edm sjednan\u00e9 doby? S touto situac\u00ed bojuje mnoho lid\u00ed. Pokud n\u00e1jemci s postupem majitele nesouhlas\u00ed, \u010dasto situaci rad\u011bji ignoruj\u00ed, ne\u017e aby ji \u0159e\u0161ili. To se v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017ee vymst\u00edt, jeliko\u017e kv\u016fli neznalosti z\u00e1konn\u00fdch pravidel mohou p\u0159ij\u00edt o bydlen\u00ed nebo se dokonce zadlu\u017eit. Kdy je v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f neplatn\u00e1 a jak se lze efektivn\u011b br\u00e1nit?<\/h6>\n
Smlouva na dobu ur\u010ditou vs. neur\u010ditou<\/strong><\/h6>\n

\"\"Prvn\u00edm a nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm krokem je pod\u00edvat se do samotn\u00e9 smlouvy. Ob\u010dansk\u00fd z\u00e1kon\u00edk rozli\u0161uje mezi dv\u011bma typy n\u00e1jemn\u00ed smlouvy, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e ka\u017ed\u00fd z nich m\u00e1 pro ukon\u010den\u00ed jin\u00e1 pravidla.<\/p>\n

Smlouva na dobu neur\u010ditou poskytuje n\u00e1jemci vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed ochranu. Pokra\u010duje d\u00e1l a pronaj\u00edmatel ji nem\u016f\u017ee ukon\u010dit \u201ejen tak\u201c bez ud\u00e1n\u00ed d\u016fvodu.<\/p>\n

Smlouva na dobu ur\u010ditou kon\u010d\u00ed automaticky uplynut\u00edm sjednan\u00e9ho data.\u00a0\u201e<\/em>Zde si v\u0161ak musej\u00ed d\u00e1t pozor pronaj\u00edmatel\u00e9. Pokud n\u00e1jemce v byt\u011b bydl\u00ed d\u00e1le alespo\u0148 t\u0159i m\u011bs\u00edce po skon\u010den\u00ed smlouvy a majitel ho p\u00edsemn\u011b nevyzve k opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed bytu, n\u00e1jem se podle z\u00e1kona automaticky prodlu\u017euje na stejnou dobu, na jakou byl sjedn\u00e1n. Maxim\u00e1ln\u011b v\u0161ak na dva roky,<\/em>\u201c\u00a0<\/em>uv\u00e1d\u00ed Eduarda Hek\u0161ov\u00e1, \u0159editelka spot\u0159ebitelsk\u00e9 organizace dTest.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f ze strany n\u00e1jemce<\/strong><\/h6>\n

Mnoho lid\u00ed \u017eije v omylu, \u017ee z bytu mohou odej\u00edt v podstat\u011b kdykoliv, kdy\u017e dodr\u017e\u00ed t\u0159\u00edm\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed lh\u016ftu. To je pravda jen z\u010d\u00e1sti.<\/p>\n

U smlouvy na dobu neur\u010ditou m\u016f\u017ee n\u00e1jemce podat v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f kdykoliv a bez ud\u00e1n\u00ed d\u016fvodu. V\u00fdpov\u011bdn\u00ed doba je t\u0159\u00edm\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed a za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 b\u011b\u017eet prvn\u00edm dnem n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edho kalend\u00e1\u0159n\u00edho m\u011bs\u00edce po doru\u010den\u00ed v\u00fdpov\u011bdi majiteli.<\/p>\n

U smlouvy na dobu ur\u010ditou je to ale slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. N\u00e1jemce ji m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u011b vypov\u011bd\u011bt pouze tehdy, pokud se z\u00e1sadn\u011b zm\u011bnily okolnosti, za kter\u00fdch smlouvu uzav\u00edral, a nelze po n\u011bm spravedliv\u011b po\u017eadovat, aby v byt\u011b z\u016fstal. Typick\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem je ztr\u00e1ta zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed, v\u00e1\u017en\u00e1 nemoc nebo st\u011bhov\u00e1n\u00ed do jin\u00e9ho m\u011bsta. Pokud odejdete bez t\u011bchto d\u016fvod\u016f, majitel m\u016f\u017ee po\u017eadovat doplacen\u00ed n\u00e1jemn\u00e9ho do konce sjednan\u00e9 doby.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f ze strany pronaj\u00edmatele<\/strong><\/h6>\n

Zat\u00edmco n\u00e1jemce m\u00e1 u doby neur\u010dit\u00e9 volnou ruku, pronaj\u00edmatel je v\u00e1z\u00e1n z\u00e1konem. Majitel bytu nem\u016f\u017ee d\u00e1t n\u00e1jemci v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f bez z\u00e1konn\u00e9ho d\u016fvodu.<\/p>\n

V b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 t\u0159\u00edm\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed lh\u016ft\u011b m\u016f\u017ee pronaj\u00edmatel n\u00e1jem vypov\u011bd\u011bt, pokud n\u00e1jemce hrub\u011b poru\u0161uje sv\u00e9 povinnosti (nap\u0159. opakovan\u011b neplat\u00ed v\u010das, podnaj\u00edm\u00e1 byt bez souhlasu) nebo pokud pronaj\u00edmatel byt pot\u0159ebuje pro sebe \u010di sv\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9 (to lze uplatnit jen u smluv na dobu neur\u010ditou).<\/p>\n

Nejz\u00e1vazn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f bez v\u00fdpov\u011bdn\u00ed doby. Tu m\u016f\u017ee pronaj\u00edmatel vyu\u017e\u00edt pouze p\u0159i zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9m poru\u0161en\u00ed povinnost\u00ed. Z\u00e1kon sem \u0159ad\u00ed zejm\u00e9na neplacen\u00ed n\u00e1jemn\u00e9ho a slu\u017eeb po dobu alespo\u0148 t\u0159\u00ed m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f, po\u0161kozov\u00e1n\u00ed bytu z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem nebo ohro\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed soused\u016f. I v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b ale mus\u00ed majitel nejprve n\u00e1jemce p\u00edsemn\u011b vyzvat k n\u00e1prav\u011b a d\u00e1t mu p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00fd \u010das. Pokud to neud\u011bl\u00e1, v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f nen\u00ed platn\u00e1.<\/p>\n

\u201e<\/em>Pokud m\u00e1 n\u00e1jemce podez\u0159en\u00ed, \u017ee je v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e1 nebo nespl\u0148uje z\u00e1konn\u00e9 n\u00e1le\u017eitosti, m\u016f\u017ee se obr\u00e1tit na soud s n\u00e1vrhem na p\u0159ezkoum\u00e1n\u00ed opr\u00e1vn\u011bnosti v\u00fdpov\u011bdi, a to ve lh\u016ft\u011b dvou m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f ode dne doru\u010den\u00ed v\u00fdpov\u011bdi,<\/em>\u201c<\/em>\u00a0dopl\u0148uje Eduarda Hek\u0161ov\u00e1. Pokud lh\u016ftu zme\u0161k\u00e1, mo\u017enost obrany zanik\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Dolo\u017eka vykonatelnosti jako prevence dlouh\u00fdch soud\u016f<\/strong><\/h6>\n

N\u00e1jemci se mohou setkat tak\u00e9 s\u00a0tzv. dolo\u017ekou vykonatelnosti, kterou majitel\u00e9 vy\u017eaduj\u00ed formou not\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho z\u00e1pisu p\u0159\u00edmo p\u0159i podpisu n\u00e1jemn\u00ed smlouvy. Tento institut slou\u017e\u00ed jako prevence zdlouhav\u00fdch soudn\u00edch spor\u016f.<\/p>\n

Pokud n\u00e1jemn\u00ed vztah skon\u010d\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b z\u00e1konn\u00e9ho d\u016fvodu a n\u00e1jemce odm\u00edt\u00e1 byt vyklidit, majitel nemus\u00ed d\u00edky dolo\u017ece vykonatelnosti pod\u00e1vat \u017ealobu k soudu a \u010dekat dlouh\u00e9 m\u011bs\u00edce \u010di roky na rozsudek. Not\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd z\u00e1pis s dolo\u017ekou toti\u017e funguje rovnou jako exeku\u010dn\u00ed titul, s n\u00edm\u017e m\u016f\u017ee pronaj\u00edmatel zam\u00ed\u0159it p\u0159\u00edmo za exekutorem.<\/p>\n

N\u00e1jemce, kter\u00fd pln\u00ed sv\u00e9 z\u00e1vazky a po skon\u010den\u00ed smlouvy se v\u010das p\u0159est\u011bhuje, se t\u00e9to dolo\u017eky b\u00e1t nemus\u00ed. P\u0159esto je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 si text z\u00e1pisu p\u0159ed podpisem d\u016fkladn\u011b p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst a ujistit se, \u017ee jeho obsahu n\u00e1jemce rozum\u00ed, aby p\u0159ede\u0161el zbyte\u010dn\u00fdm komplikac\u00edm v budoucnu.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

    \n
  • dTest, o.p.s.<\/strong> je nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010deskou spot\u0159ebitelskou organizac\u00ed, kter\u00e1 v\u00a0\u010cR p\u016fsob\u00ed ji\u017e od roku 1992. Je vydavatelem spot\u0159ebitelsk\u00e9ho \u010dasopisu dTest, na jeho\u017e str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch jsou publikov\u00e1ny v\u00fdsledky nez\u00e1visl\u00fdch a objektivn\u00edch test\u016f produkt\u016f, varov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdmi a zdravotn\u011b z\u00e1vadn\u00fdmi v\u00fdrobky, informace o spot\u0159ebitelsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1vech a rady, jak tato pr\u00e1va \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b uplat\u0148ovat. dTest je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed organizace International Consumer Research and Testing (ICRT) a\u00a0evropsk\u00e9 spot\u0159ebitelsk\u00e9 organizace BEUC.<\/em><\/sub><\/li>\n
  • Poradensk\u00e1 linka \u010dasopisu dTest \u2013<\/strong> 299 149\u00a0009 \u2013 je v\u00a0provozu ka\u017ed\u00fd pracovn\u00ed den od 9 do 17 hodin a spot\u0159ebitel\u00e9 na n\u00ed mohou konzultovat s\u00a0pr\u00e1vn\u00edmi poradci dTestu nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed spot\u0159ebitelsk\u00e9 probl\u00e9my, a to za cenu b\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho tarifu vol\u00e1n\u00ed. Od spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed v\u00a0roce 2010 t\u00e9to mo\u017enosti vyu\u017eily ji\u017e desetitis\u00edce spot\u0159ebitel\u016f a poradensk\u00e1 linka \u010dasopisu dTest se tak stala prvn\u00ed a nejvyhled\u00e1van\u011bj\u0161\u00ed cestou k\u00a0\u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pot\u00ed\u017e\u00ed, se kter\u00fdmi se z\u00e1kazn\u00edci na trhu setk\u00e1vaj\u00ed.<\/em><\/sub><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    dTest<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n

     <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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