{"id":375967,"date":"2026-05-23T13:02:59","date_gmt":"2026-05-23T12:02:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=375967"},"modified":"2026-05-23T13:02:59","modified_gmt":"2026-05-23T12:02:59","slug":"vyroci-dne-pred-408-lety-23-kvetna-1618-byli-v-prubehu-v-poradi-jiz-treti-prazske-defenestrace-vyhozeni-z-okna-sve-kancelare-na-prazskem-hrade-kralovsti-mistodrzici","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=375967","title":{"rendered":"V\u00ddRO\u010c\u00cd DNE: P\u0159ed 408 lety, 23. kv\u011btna 1618, byli v pr\u016fb\u011bhu (v po\u0159ad\u00ed ji\u017e t\u0159et\u00ed) pra\u017esk\u00e9 defenestrace vyhozeni z okna sv\u00e9 kancel\u00e1\u0159e na Pra\u017esk\u00e9m hrad\u011b kr\u00e1lov\u0161t\u00ed m\u00edstodr\u017e\u00edc\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"
V\u00e1clav Bro\u017e\u00edk, Defenestrace 1618 (1889<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

P\u0159ed 408 lety, 23. kv\u011btna 1618, byli v pr\u016fb\u011bhu (v po\u0159ad\u00ed ji\u017e t\u0159et\u00ed) pra\u017esk\u00e9 defenestrace vyhozeni z okna sv\u00e9 kancel\u00e1\u0159e na Pra\u017esk\u00e9m hrad\u011b kr\u00e1lov\u0161t\u00ed m\u00edstodr\u017e\u00edc\u00ed Vil\u00e9m Slavata z Chlumu a Ko\u0161umberka a Jaroslav Bo\u0159ita z Martinic a sekret\u00e1\u0159 Filip Fabricius.<\/h6>\n

V \u010dervenci 1609 vydal c\u00edsa\u0159 Rudolf II. n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fd Majest\u00e1t, v n\u011bm\u017e ud\u011blil p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk\u016fm \u010cesk\u00e9 konfese pr\u00e1vo vytv\u00e1\u0159et vlastn\u00ed c\u00edrkevn\u00ed organizace a zvolit si v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pot\u0159eby tzv. defenzory, opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 svol\u00e1vat sjezdy na obranu ohro\u017een\u00e9 v\u00edry. Majest\u00e1t tak\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148oval v\u0161em poddan\u00fdm vyzn\u00e1vat svoji v\u00edru bez ohledu na p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed feud\u00e1ln\u00ed vrchnosti, \u010d\u00edm\u017e samoz\u0159ejm\u011b pop\u00edral nejen z\u00e1kladn\u00ed z\u00e1sadu Augsbursk\u00e9ho m\u00edru, ale i jednu ze z\u00e1kladn\u00edch z\u00e1sad feudalismu jako takov\u00e9ho…<\/p>\n

N\u00e1sledn\u00fd boj o to, kdo bude v n\u00e1bo\u017eensky beznad\u011bjn\u011b rozpolcen\u00fdch \u010cech\u00e1ch vl\u00e1dnout, pokra\u010doval vz\u00e1jemn\u00fdmi provokacemi a \u00fastrky, a\u017e koncem roku 1617 vyvrcholil sporem o dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed Rudolfova Majest\u00e1tu v Broumov\u011b a v Hrobu u Duchcova. V Broumov\u011b nechala tamn\u00ed katolick\u00e1 c\u00edrkevn\u00ed vrchnost uzav\u0159\u00edt evangelick\u00fd kostel, v Hrobu u Duchcova byl evangelick\u00fd kostel na p\u0159\u00edkaz pra\u017esk\u00e9ho arcibiskupa dokonce zbo\u0159en. V obou p\u0159\u00edpadech se \u2013 alespo\u0148 podle m\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed \u010desk\u00fdch protestantsk\u00fdch stav\u016f \u2013 jednalo o poru\u0161en\u00ed element\u00e1rn\u00edch ustanoven\u00ed Majest\u00e1tu.<\/p>\n

Stavov\u0161t\u00ed defenzo\u0159i svolali proto na b\u0159ezen 1618 do Prahy sjezd, kter\u00fd po vzru\u0161en\u00e9m jedn\u00e1n\u00ed odhlasoval pom\u011brn\u011b krotkou nesouhlasnou rezoluci a pokusil se ji prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm c\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00fdch m\u00edstodr\u017eitel\u016f p\u0159edat c\u00edsa\u0159i. M\u00edstodr\u017eitel\u00e9, mezi nimi\u017e m\u011bli hlavn\u00ed slovo skaln\u00ed odp\u016frci Majest\u00e1tu Jaroslav Martinic a Vil\u00e9m Slavata, ji odm\u00edtli p\u0159evz\u00edt. Rezoluce proto putovala p\u0159\u00edmo do V\u00eddn\u011b, kde st\u00e1le je\u0161t\u011b vl\u00e1dl c\u00edsa\u0159 Maty\u00e1\u0161. Jeho zam\u00edtav\u00e1 odpov\u011b\u010f p\u0159i\u0161la obratem, prov\u00e1zena d\u016frazn\u00fdm z\u00e1kazem dal\u0161\u00edch sn\u011bmovn\u00edch aktivit.<\/p>\n

Doba respektov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u016frazn\u00fdch c\u00edsa\u0159ov\u00fdch z\u00e1kaz\u016f v\u0161ak minula. Hned v kv\u011btnu se v pra\u017esk\u00e9m Karolinu se\u0161el dal\u0161\u00ed sn\u011bm, kter\u00fd se u\u017e sestavov\u00e1n\u00edm krotk\u00fdch petic nezdr\u017eoval, a to zejm\u00e9na p\u0159i\u010din\u011bn\u00edm Jind\u0159icha Maty\u00e1\u0161e hrab\u011bte z Thurnu a jeho \u201etvrd\u00e9ho j\u00e1dra\u201c \u010desk\u00e9 protestantsk\u00e9 \u0161lechty. A byl to pr\u00e1v\u011b hrab\u011b Thurn, kdo ve st\u0159edu 23. kv\u011btna 1618 p\u0159ivedl do m\u00edstodr\u017eitelsk\u00e9 kancel\u00e1\u0159e na Pra\u017esk\u00e9m hrad\u011b houf spravedliv\u011b rozho\u0159\u010den\u00fdch sn\u011bmovn\u00edk\u016f. Od sv\u00fdch b\u0159eznov\u00fdch p\u0159edch\u016fdc\u016f se v\u0161ak tito deleg\u00e1ti li\u0161ili t\u00edm, \u017ee necht\u011bli p\u0159edat \u017e\u00e1dnou petici, n\u00fdbr\u017e zjednat spravedlnost.<\/p>\n

Navzdory p\u0159edchoz\u00edmu varov\u00e1n\u00ed (v \u010cech\u00e1ch se odjak\u017eiva nic neutaj\u00ed) byli v kancel\u00e1\u0159i toho dne p\u0159\u00edtomni \u010dty\u0159i m\u00edstodr\u017e\u00edc\u00ed: Adam ze \u0160ternberka, D\u011bpold Matou\u0161 z Lobkovic, Jaroslav Bo\u0159ita Sme\u010dansk\u00fd hrab\u011b z Martinic a Vil\u00e9m Slavata z Chlumu a Ko\u0161umberka. P\u00e1nov\u00e9 Adam ze \u0160ternberka a D\u011bpold Matou\u0161 z Lobkovic byli striktn\u011b vyzv\u00e1ni, aby koukali zmizet. Po jejich kvapn\u00e9m odchodu se Martinic a Slavata pokusili delegaci p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit, \u017ee jsou pouze bezv\u00fdznamn\u00fdmi \u0159adov\u00fdmi referenty, kte\u0159\u00ed sv\u011bdomit\u011b pln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkazy shora, jenom\u017ee pobou\u0159en\u00ed \u010de\u0161t\u00ed \u0161lechtici je \u2013 se zvu\u010dn\u00fdmi n\u011bmeck\u00fdmi kletbami na rtech \u2013 popadli a prohodili okny do hradn\u00edho p\u0159\u00edkopu. A proto\u017ee m\u00edstodr\u017eitelsk\u00fd sekret\u00e1\u0159, magistr Karlovy univerzity Filip Platn\u00e9\u0159 \u0159e\u010den\u00fd Fabricius, m\u011bl n\u011bjak\u00e9 nevhodn\u00e9 p\u0159ipom\u00ednky, vyhodili z okna i jeho…<\/p>\n

P\u0159esto\u017ee v\u0161ichni t\u0159i c\u00edsa\u0159\u0161t\u00ed \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edci p\u00e1d ze sedmn\u00e1ctimetrov\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161ky p\u0159e\u017eili, d\u016fsledky tohoto \u010dinu byly dalekos\u00e1hl\u00e9. Um\u00edrn\u011bn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed stavov\u00e9 napsali sice vz\u00e1p\u011bt\u00ed c\u00edsa\u0159i Maty\u00e1\u0161ovi omluvn\u00fd dopis, v n\u011bm\u017e slo\u017eit\u011b vysv\u011btlovali, \u017ee to v\u0161echno mysleli jinak, ne\u017e to vypad\u00e1 \u2013 \u017ee se toti\u017e pokusili vysok\u00e9 c\u00edsa\u0159ovy \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edky zamordovat vlastn\u011b v jeho z\u00e1jmu a pro jeho dobro, nicm\u00e9n\u011b t\u00edmto \u010dinem rozpoutali v\u00e1lku, kter\u00e1 v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch t\u0159iceti letech zpusto\u0161ila podstatnou \u010d\u00e1st Evropy. V\u00e1lku, v n\u00ed\u017e v\u00fdbuchem pra\u017esk\u00e9 rozbu\u0161ky n\u00e1hle explodovalo n\u011bkolik navz\u00e1jem propleten\u00fdch, do t\u00e9 doby jen zlov\u011bstn\u011b doutnaj\u00edc\u00edch konflikt\u016f: konflikt mezi katol\u00edky a protestanty, konflikt mezi protestanty luter\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho vyzn\u00e1n\u00ed a protestanty vyzn\u00e1n\u00ed kalv\u00ednsk\u00e9ho, konflikt mezi centralistick\u00fdmi snahami rakousk\u00fdch Habsburk\u016f a odst\u0159ediv\u00fdmi tendencemi \u0159\u00ed\u0161sk\u00fdch kn\u00ed\u017eat a samostatn\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f a st\u00e1te\u010dk\u016f, konflikt mezi nizozemsk\u00fdmi stavy bojuj\u00edc\u00edmi za nez\u00e1vislost a \u0161pan\u011blsk\u00fdmi Habsburky…<\/p>\n

Zdroj: https:\/\/www.valka.cz\/16634-Oblezeni-Prahy-1648-3-Valka<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

FB \u2013\u00a0Karel OKT\u00c1BEC<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  P\u0159ed <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":375969,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[74],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/23\/ram-defenestrace.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/375967"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=375967"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/375967\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":375970,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/375967\/revisions\/375970"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/375969"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=375967"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=375967"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=375967"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}