{"id":375857,"date":"2026-05-21T12:23:55","date_gmt":"2026-05-21T11:23:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=375857"},"modified":"2026-05-21T12:24:27","modified_gmt":"2026-05-21T11:24:27","slug":"aktuality-nanoplasty-mohou-narusovat-prirozenou-ochrannou-vrstvu-plic-ukazuje-novy-vyzkum-akademie-ved","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=375857","title":{"rendered":"AKTUALITY: Nanoplasty mohou naru\u0161ovat p\u0159irozenou ochrannou vrstvu plic, ukazuje nov\u00fd v\u00fdzkum Akademie v\u011bd"},"content":{"rendered":"
Ultrajemn\u00e9 polystyrenov\u00e9 nanoplasty se mohou zabudov\u00e1vat do ochrann\u00e9 vrstvy plic, m\u011bnit jej\u00ed strukturu a oslabovat ochrannou funkci. Zjistili to badatel\u00e9 z \u00dastavu fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed chemie J. Heyrovsk\u00e9ho Akademie v\u011bd \u010cR ve spolupr\u00e1ci s kolegy z Polska a Slovinska. Studii vydal \u010dasopis Journal of Hazardous Materials<\/strong><\/a>.<\/h6>\n

\"\"Nanoplasty se dnes p\u0159irozen\u011b vyskytuj\u00ed prakticky v\u0161ude \u2013 ve vzduchu, v prachu i v potravin\u00e1ch \u2013 nelze se jim zcela vyhnout. Vznikaj\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm rozpadem v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch plastov\u00fdch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f a jejich dal\u0161\u00edm opot\u0159eben\u00edm ve venkovn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed i v interi\u00e9rech. Na rozd\u00edl od v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch mikroplast\u016f se tyto jemn\u00e9 nano\u010d\u00e1stice mohou dlouho udr\u017eet ve vzduchu, a pr\u00e1v\u011b proto se snadno dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed do d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest a z nich a\u017e do plic. V\u00fdzkumn\u00e1 skupina Luk\u00e1\u0161e Cwiklika z \u00dastavu fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed chemie J. Heyrovsk\u00e9ho AV \u010cR nyn\u00ed odhalila, jak mohou polystyrenov\u00e9 nanoplasty ovliv\u0148ovat plicn\u00ed surfaktant \u2013 jemnou lipidovo-proteinovou vrstvu, kter\u00e1 vyst\u00fdl\u00e1 plicn\u00ed skl\u00edpky a je nezbytn\u00e1 pro spr\u00e1vnou funkci plic.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdzkum spojil po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 simulace a laboratorn\u00ed experimenty<\/h6>\n

V\u00fdzkumn\u00fd t\u00fdm zkoumal interakce nanoplast\u016f se dv\u011bma kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdmi strukturami plicn\u00edho surfaktantu: s monovrstvou na rozhran\u00ed vzduchu a kapaliny v plicn\u00edch skl\u00edpc\u00edch a s dvojvrstvami, kter\u00e9 tvo\u0159\u00ed z\u00e1sobn\u00ed rezervo\u00e1ry surfaktantu pod povrchem. Kombinoval p\u0159itom atomistick\u00e9 molekul\u00e1rn\u011bdynamick\u00e9 simulace s experiment\u00e1ln\u00edmi metodami, jako bylo m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed povrchov\u00e9ho tlaku, fluorescen\u010dn\u00ed spektroskopie a Brewsterova \u00fahlov\u00e1 mikroskopie, aby mohl porovnat d\u011bn\u00ed na molekul\u00e1rn\u00ed \u00farovni s chov\u00e1n\u00edm re\u00e1ln\u00fdch modelov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f.<\/p>\n

Nanoplasty m\u011bn\u00ed strukturu surfaktantu a mohou pronikat hloub\u011bji do plic<\/h6>\n

V\u00fdsledky prok\u00e1zaly, \u017ee ultrajemn\u00e9 polystyrenov\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stice nez\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed jen na povrchu.<\/p>\n

\u201eNa\u0161e studie ukazuje, \u017ee nanoplasty se na plicn\u00edm surfaktantu nejen zachyt\u00ed, ale mohou se do n\u011bj tak\u00e9 zabudovat a spolu s jeho p\u0159irozenou recyklac\u00ed postupovat d\u00e1l do hlub\u0161\u00edch struktur plic. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tento mechanismus pova\u017eujeme za zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd, proto\u017ee nazna\u010duje, \u017ee jejich p\u016fsoben\u00ed se nemus\u00ed omezit jen na samotn\u00fd povrch plic,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Lukasz Cwiklik.<\/p>\n

Konkr\u00e9tn\u011b v\u00fdzkum dolo\u017eil, \u017ee nanoplasty nav\u00edc zvy\u0161uj\u00ed uspo\u0159\u00e1danost lipid\u016f a sni\u017euj\u00ed tekutost ochrann\u00e9 vrstvy plic. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 m\u011bn\u00ed m\u00edstn\u00ed slo\u017een\u00ed surfaktantu a mohou se nejprve hromadit v povrchov\u00e9 monovrstv\u011b plicn\u00edho skl\u00edpku a n\u00e1sledn\u011b pronikat i do hlub\u0161\u00edch dvojvrstevn\u00fdch struktur, kter\u00e9 se pod\u00edlej\u00ed na jeho recyklaci. To nazna\u010duje cestu, jak se nanoplasty mohou dost\u00e1vat hloub\u011bji do plicn\u00ed tk\u00e1n\u011b a naru\u0161ovat jednu z nejcitliv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch ochrann\u00fdch bari\u00e9r v d\u00fdchac\u00edm syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n

Podle autor\u016f a autorek je pot\u0159eba v navazuj\u00edc\u00edm v\u00fdzkumu zjistit, jak\u00e9 d\u016fsledky m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt dlouhodob\u00e9 vdechov\u00e1n\u00ed ultrajemn\u00fdch plastov\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic pro lidsk\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u201ePr\u00e1v\u011b skute\u010dnost, \u017ee nanoplasty jsou b\u011b\u017enou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed vzduchu, kter\u00fd d\u00fdch\u00e1me, d\u011bl\u00e1 z tohoto t\u00e9matu v\u00e1\u017enou ot\u00e1zku pro ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed. Pokud ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed fungov\u00e1n\u00ed plicn\u00edho surfaktantu, je na m\u00edst\u011b br\u00e1t jejich mo\u017en\u00e9 dopady na lidsk\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed velmi v\u00e1\u017en\u011b,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Katarina Vazdar z \u00dastavu fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed chemie J. Heyrovsk\u00e9ho AV \u010cR.<\/p>\n

(tz-av\u010dr)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

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Ultrajemn\u00e9 polystyrenov\u00e9 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":375858,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[179],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/21\/nove-avcr.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/375857"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=375857"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/375857\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":375859,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/375857\/revisions\/375859"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/375858"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=375857"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=375857"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=375857"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}