{"id":37583,"date":"2025-03-02T10:52:09","date_gmt":"2025-03-02T09:52:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=37583"},"modified":"2025-04-21T20:38:31","modified_gmt":"2025-04-21T19:38:31","slug":"stara-sumava-masopust-predstavoval-obdobi-hodovani-a-veseli-mezi-dvema-postnimi-dobami","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=37583","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA A PO\u0160UMAV\u00cd: Masopust p\u0159edstavoval obdob\u00ed hodov\u00e1n\u00ed a vesel\u00ed mezi dv\u011bma postn\u00edmi dobami"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"
Masopust v Malenic\u00edch \/ Foto: V\u00e1clav \u0160T\u011aTINA<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\n

 <\/p>\n

Masopust, a zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b n\u011bkolik posledn\u00edch dn\u00ed tohoto obdob\u00ed, byl pro lidi v minulosti ofici\u00e1ln\u00edm sv\u00e1tkem hodov\u00e1n\u00ed, b\u011bhem kter\u00e9ho bylo t\u0159eba se dosyta naj\u00edst. Pak n\u00e1sledoval dlouh\u00fd \u010dty\u0159icetidenn\u00ed p\u016fst. <\/strong><\/h6>\n

Masopust p\u0159edstavoval obdob\u00ed hodov\u00e1n\u00ed a vesel\u00ed mezi dv\u011bma postn\u00edmi dobami. B\u011bhem n\u011bj prob\u00edhaly tane\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1bavy, zabija\u010dky a tak\u00e9 svatby. Vrchol\u00ed posledn\u00edm \u010dtvrtkem tohoto obdob\u00ed, zvan\u00fdm Tu\u010dn\u00fd \u010dtvrtek, spojen\u00fdm se zabija\u010dkou a hodov\u00e1n\u00edm. Posledn\u00ed t\u0159i dny, tedy masopustn\u00ed ned\u011ble, pond\u011bl\u00ed a \u00fater\u00fd ,tedy p\u0159\u00edmo masopust, se konaj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 ritu\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fakony, pr\u016fvod masek, sc\u00e9nick\u00e9 v\u00fdstupy a kon\u010d\u00ed muzikou. Masopust kon\u010dil v noci p\u0159ed Popele\u010dn\u00ed st\u0159edou, kdy ponocn\u00fd zatroubil na roh a rycht\u00e1\u0159 v\u0161echny vyzval k rozchodu. Druh\u00fd den (na Popele\u010dn\u00ed st\u0159edu) naposledy se konzumovaly mastn\u00e9 rohl\u00edky s k\u00e1vou nebo ml\u00e9kem, a dopoledne byla povolena ko\u0159alka. Za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 znovu koloto\u010d roku. Slunce bude l\u00e1mat ledy, velikonoce zasv\u00edt\u00ed zas v luk\u00e1ch. Velk\u00fd P\u00e1tek, potom jas Vzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161en\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Masopust, ach masopust!<\/em>
\nCel\u00e1 ves jen sm\u00edch a just:<\/em>
\nka\u0161pa\u0159i tu s medv\u011bd\u00e1\u0159em<\/em>
\npr\u016fvod zdob\u00ed, divn\u00e9 tv\u00e1\u0159e,<\/em>
\nraub\u00ed\u0159ina, sam\u00e1 psina,<\/em>
\nvlezli by v\u00e1m do kom\u00edna.<\/em>
\nBaba, doktor, zd\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00e1m\u00ed,<\/em>
\npozn\u00e1\u0161 je pod ma\u0161karami?<\/em>
\nSlamou vycp\u00e1n v\u00e1\u017en\u011b kr\u00e1\u010d\u00ed<\/em>
\nTurek, brad\u00fd\u0159 m\u00e1v\u00e1 f\u00e1\u010di.<\/em>
\nMat\u011bj je\u0161t\u011b stra\u0161\u00ed ledy,<\/em>
\njednou i s n\u00edm naposledy<\/em>
\nvezme to v\u0161ak jeden vrz,<\/em>
\nto i zim\u011b \u00fasm\u011bv zmrz.<\/em><\/p>\n

Kolob\u011bh selsk\u00e9ho roku je z hlediska oby\u010dej\u016f a mrav\u016f n\u011b\u010d\u00edm tak mnohotv\u00e1rn\u00fdm, \u017ee by se o tom dalo ps\u00e1t tak\u0159ka bez konce. Do c\u00edrkevn\u00edch sv\u00e1tk\u016f nap\u0159\u00e1hl svou ruku masopust a zval k tanci a ma\u0161kar\u00e1d\u011b. Vesel\u00fd masopust s pr\u016fvody ma\u0161kar a rozpustil\u00fdm \u0161elmovsk\u00fdmi kousky, postn\u00ed doba, kdy se ve v\u0161ech staven\u00edch a\u017e dosud denn\u011b modl\u00edv\u00e1 r\u016f\u017eenec. Cel\u00e9 t\u00fddny trvaj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpravy ma\u0161kar a pot\u00e9 vyr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed od staven\u00ed ke staven\u00ed se sv\u00fdmi starod\u00e1vn\u00fdmi pr\u016fpov\u00eddkami:<\/p>\n

\u201eVeselej ml\u00e1denec v masopust\u011b \u017e\u00e1d\u00e1 mu\u017ee<\/em>
\n\u0148\u00e1k\u00fdho vopravdovsky rozmysln\u00fdho,<\/em>
\nvo m\u011b\u0159ici vovsa, m\u011b\u0159ici \u017eita, kus \u0161peku taky p\u0159ec,<\/em>
\na\u0165 se ct\u00ed d\u00e1l m\u016f\u017ee j\u00edt veselej ml\u00e1denec.<\/em>
\nKlob\u00e1ska, dev\u011btkr\u00e1t uzen\u00e1, dala by se d\u00e1ti,<\/em>
\nz n\u00e1s cel\u00fd ml\u00e1dence ud\u011blati.<\/em>
\nM\u00e1te-li v dom\u011b akor\u00e1t tmavohn\u011bd\u00fd d\u011bv\u010de,<\/em>
\ndalo by se hr\u00e1t, p\u00e1r kole\u010dek my s n\u00ed budem tancovat.<\/em>
\nMuzikanti, hrejte, ml\u00e1denci v\u0161ici jim k tomu zajuchejte!\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

Navzdory velk\u00e9 nouzi v\u0161ech nep\u0159ijde ta “vesel\u00e1 \u017eebrota” snad nikdy zkr\u00e1tka. Chr\u00e1n\u00ed je star\u00e1 v\u00edra a pov\u011bra, \u017ee nep\u0159ijde-li “masopustn\u00ed ml\u00e1denec” – ml\u00e1denec je cel\u00e1 ta vesel\u00e1 chasa, nedoroste v l\u00e9t\u011b nijak\u00e9 obil\u00ed a brambory. Tam odtud, kde se prv\u00fd ml\u00e1denec objev\u00ed, p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed i prvn\u00ed bou\u0159ka. Selka strhne ze se\u0161\u00edvan\u00e9ho \u0161a\u0161kovsk\u00e9ho \u0161atu bl\u00e1znova t\u0159i rud\u00e9 hadrov\u00e9 z\u00e1platy a str\u010d\u00ed je pod slepici na vejc\u00edch: pak jich bude habad\u011bj. Bl\u00e1zni, zvan\u00ed tak\u00e9 “Hudl,” \u00a0nos\u00ed \u0161krabo\u0161ky s dlouh\u00fdm nosem a poskakuj\u00ed \u0159adou nekone\u010dn\u011b komick\u00fdmi pohyby kolem dokola. Za nimi jdou muzikanti a hus\u00edm pochodem hejtman, rycht\u00e1\u0159 se \u0161p\u00edzem s nabodnut\u00fdmi kusy \u0161peku, tancmajstr, \u0161a\u0161ek s pl\u00e1ca\u010dkou a dal\u0161\u00ed ml\u00e1denci zvan\u00ed Mou\u010dnej, \u017ditnej, Vaje\u010dnej a Ln\u011bnej, kte\u0159\u00ed podle sv\u00e9ho ozna\u010den\u00ed h\u00e1z\u00ed do ko\u0161\u016f a pytl\u016f p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nou hmotnou v\u00fdslu\u017eku.<\/p>\n

P\u0159ed ka\u017ed\u00fdm staven\u00edm se zatancuje kole\u010dko, zvan\u00e9 tu “Kretzl;” nepochybn\u011b star\u00fd kultovn\u00ed kruhov\u00fd tanec, “Umkreisungstanz,” kter\u00fd odpov\u00edd\u00e1 v\u011bne\u010dku masopustn\u00edch laufr\u016f (b\u011b\u017ec\u016f). Docela podobn\u011b obch\u00e1zej\u00ed me\u010dov\u00ed koledn\u00edci, jen s t\u00edm rozd\u00edlem, \u017ee nam\u00edsto kole\u010dka zvan\u00e9ho “Kretzl” kon\u00e1 se p\u0159ed ka\u017ed\u00fdm domem zbrojn\u00fd tanec. P\u0159edv\u00e1d\u011bla je skupina ml\u00e1denc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed se sv\u00fdmi bohat\u011b zdoben\u00fdmi klobouky, \u0161erpou p\u0159es prsa a t\u0159pytiv\u00fdmi kyti\u010dkami. V rukou halapartny, na jejich\u017e \u0161pici byl \u010dasto nabodnut \u0161pek jako v\u00fdraz d\u00edk\u016f za produkci, kter\u00e1 m\u011bla vyjad\u0159ovat kultovn\u00edm tancem jak\u00e9si zakl\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrody, moci jara a plodnosti.<\/p>\n

Vstupn\u00ed vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159iv\u00e1d\u00ed do sv\u011btnice koledn\u00edka za koledn\u00edkem, kde se p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed r\u00fdmovan\u00fdmi pr\u016fpov\u00eddkami a tancem. Masopust, o jeho\u017e slaven\u00ed na \u0160umav\u011b se tu chci je\u0161t\u011b kr\u00e1tce zm\u00ednit, vrcholil tu obvykle o masopustn\u00ed ned\u011bli. Na vrcholu masopustn\u00edho vesel\u00ed, \u0159\u00edkalo se mu “Faschingkehraus,” p\u0159edch\u00e1zela sobota, kdy si far\u00e1\u0159 nep\u0159\u00e1l nijak\u00e9 tancova\u010dky a m\u011bl k tomu dobr\u00fd d\u016fvod. Mnoz\u00ed z farn\u00edk\u016f by toti\u017e nam\u00edsto n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvy kostela doh\u00e1n\u011bli sp\u00ed\u0161 zame\u0161kan\u00fd sp\u00e1nek. Pro sp\u00e1su jejich du\u0161\u00ed bylo tedy p\u0159ece jen lep\u0161\u00ed, kdy\u017e tak \u010dinili v pond\u011bl\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Masopust slavila i p\u0159\u00edroda, jednou pak zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b divok\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem. Prudk\u00e1 sn\u011bhov\u00e1 bou\u0159e se hnala nad poli a sku\u010dela kolem staven\u00ed. T\u011bm, kdo vraceli tou dobou dom\u016f, uk\u00e1zala se ve ve\u0161ker\u00e9 sv\u00e9 nev\u00e1zanosti. Bi\u010dovala sn\u011bhem do obli\u010deje, a\u017e rty ho\u0159ely, kdo si dost nedr\u017eel klobouk, zmizel mu nen\u00e1vratn\u011b do tmy noci. Bylo t\u0159eba zabo\u0159it hlavu je\u0161t\u011b hloub do vyhrnut\u00e9ho l\u00edmce, aby \u010dlov\u011bku neomrzly u\u0161i.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Zdroj: <\/strong>Richard Wolfram, Jiho\u010desk\u00e1 v\u011bdeck\u00e1 knihovna, Heimatbote<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  Masopust, <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":338236,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[111],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/29\/ram-masopust.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37583"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=37583"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37583\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":338235,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37583\/revisions\/338235"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/338236"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=37583"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=37583"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=37583"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}