hypertenz\u00ed do 18 let v\u011bku<\/a><\/strong>, a to o 281 na lo\u0148sk\u00fdch 3886.<\/p>\nA\u010dkoli genetick\u00e9 predispozice maj\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00fd vliv, u p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 90 % lid\u00ed je vysok\u00fd krevn\u00ed tlak zp\u016fsoben p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm nezdrav\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem \u017eivota. U zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch 10 % pacient\u016f je hypertenze spojena s jin\u00fdm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm. Vysok\u00fd krevn\u00ed tlak je proto pova\u017eov\u00e1n za civiliza\u010dn\u00ed chorobu, proto\u017ee k jeho vzniku v\u00fdrazn\u011b p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed faktory, jako jsou kou\u0159en\u00ed, nadv\u00e1ha a obezita, nadm\u011brn\u00e1 konzumace alkoholu, p\u0159\u00edli\u0161n\u00fd p\u0159\u00edjem soli, stres, nedostatek sp\u00e1nku a nedostatek pohybu.<\/p>\n
\u201eVysok\u00fd krevn\u00ed tlak \u0161kod\u00ed mnoha org\u00e1n\u016fm (srdce, mozek, ledviny, c\u00e9vy). Srdce po\u0161kozuje dvoj\u00edm mechanismem, jednak srdce p\u0159ekon\u00e1v\u00e1 perifern\u00ed odpor, jednak vede k hypertrofii lev\u00e9 komory, postupn\u011b k\u00a0dilataci a vzniku srde\u010dn\u00edho selh\u00e1n\u00ed. Tak\u00e9 urychluje aterosklerotick\u00e9 zm\u011bny v koron\u00e1rn\u00edm syst\u00e9mu, vede k ischemii a postupn\u011b a\u017e k infarktu myokardu. Mozek je po\u0161kozov\u00e1n tak\u00e9 dvoj\u00edm mechanismem, jednak ischemi\u00ed, ale t\u00e9\u017e mozkov\u00fdm krv\u00e1cen\u00edm. Vysok\u00fd krevn\u00ed tlak po\u0161kozuje ledviny a m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st a\u017e k\u00a0dial\u00fdze, tak\u00e9 perifern\u00ed c\u00e9vn\u00ed syst\u00e9m je po\u0161kozen a vede k ischemii doln\u00edch kon\u010detin,\u201c\u00a0<\/i>\u0159\u00edk\u00e1\u00a0prof. MUDr. Miroslav Sou\u010dek, z II. intern\u00ed kliniky Fakultn\u00ed nemocnice u sv. Anny v Brn\u011b a dod\u00e1v\u00e1:\u00a0\u201eVelk\u00fdm probl\u00e9mem je v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b tzv. chronick\u00fd stres, kter\u00fd bohu\u017eel v\u00fdskyt hypertenze z\u00e1sadn\u011b ovliv\u0148uje.\u00a0 T\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ka\u017ed\u00fd druh\u00fd mu\u017e m\u00e1 vysok\u00fd krevn\u00ed tlak a velk\u00fdm probl\u00e9mem je, \u017ee postihuje st\u00e1le v\u00edce mlad\u0161\u00ed v\u011bkov\u00e9 skupiny.\u201c\u00a0<\/i>Profesor Sou\u010dek d\u00e1le upozor\u0148uje, \u017ee v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b m\u00e1me v p\u00e9\u010di o hypertenzn\u00ed pacienty t\u0159i probl\u00e9my: 1. nedosahujeme u mnoha pacient\u016f c\u00edlovou hodnotu tlaku pod hrani\u010dn\u00ed hodnoty (pod 140\/90 mm Hg), 2. s t\u00edm, \u017ee pacienti l\u00e9ky \u010dasto neberou, m\u00e1me malou adherenci k l\u00e9\u010db\u011b, 3. za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1me s l\u00e9\u010dbou pozd\u011b, jak l\u00e9ka\u0159i, tak pacienti l\u00e9\u010dbu odkl\u00e1daj\u00ed. \u010casto pacienti p\u0159ijdou a\u017e s\u00a0posti\u017een\u00edm c\u00edlov\u00fdch org\u00e1n\u016f a to je pozd\u011b.<\/p>\n
P\u0159\u00edznaky vysok\u00e9ho krevn\u00edho tlaku \u010dasto nejsou patrn\u00e9, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b se projevuj\u00ed jen velmi nen\u00e1padn\u011b. N\u011bkdy se objev\u00ed neur\u010dit\u00e9 obt\u00ed\u017ee, jako je n\u011bkolik dn\u00ed p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed \u00fanava, z\u00e1vrat\u011b, pocit vnit\u0159n\u00edho nap\u011bt\u00ed nebo podr\u00e1\u017ed\u011bnost. M\u016f\u017ee se p\u0159idat tak\u00e9 bolest hlavy, typicky v rann\u00edch hodin\u00e1ch, hu\u010den\u00ed \u010di p\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0u\u0161\u00edch, pot\u00ed\u017ee se sp\u00e1nkem, zad\u00fdch\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159i n\u00e1maze nebo bu\u0161en\u00ed srdce. Pokud se n\u011bkter\u00e9 z\u00a0t\u011bchto pot\u00ed\u017e\u00ed vyskytnou, je vhodn\u00e9 si nechat zm\u011b\u0159it krevn\u00ed tlak, proto\u017ee mohou b\u00fdt prvn\u00edm sign\u00e1lem hypertenze.<\/p>\n
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Pro v\u010dasn\u00e9 odhalen\u00ed vysok\u00e9ho krevn\u00edho tlaku a spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 nastaven\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dby je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed jeho p\u0159esn\u00e9 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed. Jen tak lze v\u010das zachytit probl\u00e9m nebo vyladit u\u017e nasazenou terapii. Ani dom\u00e1c\u00ed m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed by se nem\u011blo br\u00e1t na lehkou v\u00e1hu \u2013 ide\u00e1ln\u011b by m\u011blo prob\u00edhat v klidn\u00e9m nehlu\u010dn\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed, po alespo\u0148 p\u011bti minut\u00e1ch odpo\u010dinku. Tlak se m\u011b\u0159\u00ed vsed\u011b, na lev\u00e9 ruce op\u0159en\u00e9 ve v\u00fd\u0161ce srdce, a to t\u0159ikr\u00e1t po sob\u011b. V\u00fdsledkem, kter\u00fd se po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1, je pr\u016fm\u011br druh\u00e9ho a t\u0159et\u00edho m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Krevn\u00ed tlak p\u0159irozen\u011b kol\u00eds\u00e1 b\u011bhem dne. Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed b\u00fdv\u00e1 brzy r\u00e1no, zhruba mezi 4. a 6. hodinou, a pak dopoledne. Pr\u00e1v\u011b v t\u011bchto \u010dasech doch\u00e1z\u00ed nej\u010dast\u011bji k srde\u010dn\u011b-c\u00e9vn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edhod\u00e1m, jako jsou infarkty nebo mozkov\u00e9 mrtvice.<\/p>\n
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Odborn\u00edci doporu\u010duj\u00ed pravideln\u00e9 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed krevn\u00edho tlaku, zejm\u00e9na po \u010dty\u0159ic\u00e1t\u00e9m roce \u017eivota, proto\u017ee v\u010dasn\u00e9 odhalen\u00ed tohoto onemocn\u011bn\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee v\u00fdrazn\u011b zlep\u0161it progn\u00f3zu.<\/p>\n
Jak sn\u00ed\u017eit riziko vzniku vysok\u00e9ho krevn\u00edho tlaku:<\/b><\/p>\n
\u27a4\u00a0M\u011b\u0159it tlak pravideln\u011b<\/strong>
\n\u27a4\u00a0Omezit konzumaci soli, alkoholu a kou\u0159en\u00ed<\/strong>
\n\u27a4\u00a0Za\u0159adit pohyb a sn\u00ed\u017eit nadv\u00e1hu<\/strong>
\n\u27a4\u00a0Dodr\u017eovat p\u0159edepsanou l\u00e9\u010dbu<\/strong>, i pokud se pacient c\u00edt\u00ed subjektivn\u011b zdr\u00e1v<\/p>\n(vzp)<\/strong><\/p>\n
\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
O hypertenzi <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":375394,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[88],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/15\/ram-vzp.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/375391"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=375391"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/375391\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":375395,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/375391\/revisions\/375395"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/375394"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=375391"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=375391"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=375391"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
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