{"id":375317,"date":"2026-05-14T12:16:21","date_gmt":"2026-05-14T11:16:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=375317"},"modified":"2026-05-14T22:32:45","modified_gmt":"2026-05-14T21:32:45","slug":"vyroci-dnesniho-dne-pred-710-lety-14-kvetna-1316-se-v-praze-narodil-karel-iv","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=375317","title":{"rendered":"V\u00ddRO\u010c\u00cd DNE – 14. kv\u011btna: P\u0159ed 710 lety, 14. kv\u011btna 1316, se v Praze narodil Karel IV."},"content":{"rendered":"
P\u0159ed 710 lety, 14. kv\u011btna 1316, se v Praze narodil Karel IV., prvorozen\u00fd syn Eli\u0161ky P\u0159emyslovny a \u010desk\u00e9ho kr\u00e1le Jana Lucembursk\u00e9ho. P\u0159i k\u0159tu 30. kv\u011btna dostal jm\u00e9no V\u00e1clav; jm\u00e9no Karel p\u0159ijal a\u017e roku 1323 p\u0159i bi\u0159mov\u00e1n\u00ed ve Francii po sv\u00e9m str\u00fdci a kmotrovi, francouzsk\u00e9m kr\u00e1li Karlu IV. Sli\u010dn\u00e9m.<\/h6>\n

\"\"Byl jeden\u00e1ct\u00fdm \u010desk\u00fdm kr\u00e1lem, vl\u00e1dnouc\u00edm jako Karel I. od srpna 1346 a\u017e do sv\u00e9 smrti v listopadu 1378. U\u017e v \u010dervenci 1346 byl zvolen \u0159\u00edmsko\u2011n\u011bmeck\u00fdm kr\u00e1lem a roku 1355 korunov\u00e1n c\u00edsa\u0159em \u0159\u00edmsk\u00fdm.<\/p>\n

Sou\u010dasn\u011b byl italsk\u00fdm (lombardsk\u00fdm) kr\u00e1lem od roku 1355, burgundsk\u00fdm (arelatsk\u00fdm) kr\u00e1lem od roku 1365, moravsk\u00fdm markrab\u011btem v letech 1333\u20131349 a lucembursk\u00fdm hrab\u011btem v letech 1346\u20131353. Byl prvn\u00edm \u010desk\u00fdm kr\u00e1lem, kter\u00fd dos\u00e1hl c\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00e9 koruny, a z\u00e1rove\u0148 posledn\u00edm korunovan\u00fdm burgundsk\u00fdm kr\u00e1lem.<\/p>\n

Pobyt v Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei mu otev\u0159el cestu ke vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed \u2013 ovl\u00e1dal p\u011bt jazyk\u016f \u2013 a uvedl jej do prost\u0159ed\u00ed dvorsk\u00e9 politiky. Roku 1330 byl povol\u00e1n otcem do It\u00e1lie, aby zde z\u00edskal prvn\u00ed vlada\u0159sk\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti.<\/p>\n

Do \u010cech se vr\u00e1til roku 1333 jako markrab\u011b moravsk\u00fd s \u00fakolem obnovit po\u0159\u00e1dek v zemi, zm\u00edtan\u00e9 mocensk\u00fdmi spory a nep\u0159\u00edtomnost\u00ed kr\u00e1le Jana. Jeho rostouc\u00ed vliv v\u0161ak vyvolal intriky, a tak byl na \u010das odvol\u00e1n do Tyrolska.<\/p>\n

Po smrti Jana Lucembursk\u00e9ho v bitv\u011b u Kres\u010daku roku 1346 byl korunov\u00e1n \u010desk\u00fdm i \u0159\u00edmsk\u00fdm kr\u00e1lem. Jako c\u00edsa\u0159 za\u010dal pou\u017e\u00edvat po\u0159adov\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo \u010dtvrt\u00fd (Karolus Quartus) a Zlatou bulou z roku 1356 potvrdil v\u00fdsadn\u00ed postaven\u00ed \u010desk\u00e9ho kr\u00e1le jako jednoho ze sedmi kurfi\u0159t\u016f a d\u011bdi\u010dnost \u010desk\u00e9 koruny.<\/p>\n

Karel IV. se nesmazateln\u011b zaslou\u017eil o politick\u00fd, kulturn\u00ed i duchovn\u00ed rozvoj \u010desk\u00fdch zem\u00ed. Roku 1348 zalo\u017eil Nov\u00e9 M\u011bsto pra\u017esk\u00e9 a univerzitu, pozd\u011bji nazvanou Karlova. Z jeho vl\u00e1dy poch\u00e1z\u00ed Karl\u016fv most, chr\u00e1m sv. V\u00edta, Karl\u0161tejn a mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch staveb, kter\u00e9 dodnes tvo\u0159\u00ed tv\u00e1\u0159 \u010desk\u00fdch d\u011bjin.<\/p>\n

Byl \u010dty\u0159ikr\u00e1t \u017eenat\u00fd (Blanka z Valois, Anna Falck\u00e1, Anna Sv\u00eddnick\u00e1, Al\u017eb\u011bta Pomo\u0159ansk\u00e1) a m\u011bl dvan\u00e1ct d\u011bt\u00ed, z nich\u017e n\u011bkolik zem\u0159elo v \u00fatl\u00e9m v\u011bku. K nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edm pat\u0159\u00ed V\u00e1clav (pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kr\u00e1l V\u00e1clav IV.) a Zikmund Lucembursk\u00fd.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

S\u00e1m o sob\u011b pak napsal ve sv\u00e9 autobiografii Vita Caroli: \u201e\u010clov\u011bk m\u00e1 b\u00fdt p\u00e1nem sv\u00e9ho osudu, nikoli jeho slu\u017eebn\u00edkem…\u201c<\/p>\n

Zdroj: https:\/\/www.cesky-jazyk.cz\/zivotopisy\/karel-iv.html<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

FB – Karel OKT\u00c1BEC<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

P\u0159ed 710 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":375323,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[70,74],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/14\/ram-vyroci-1405.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/375317"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=375317"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/375317\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":375325,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/375317\/revisions\/375325"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/375323"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=375317"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=375317"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=375317"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}