{"id":371791,"date":"2026-03-31T11:14:44","date_gmt":"2026-03-31T10:14:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=371791"},"modified":"2026-03-31T11:15:56","modified_gmt":"2026-03-31T10:15:56","slug":"dtest-regulace-digitalnich-megakorporaci-skrze-akt-o-digitalnich-trzich","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=371791","title":{"rendered":"dTest: Regulace digit\u00e1ln\u00edch megakorporac\u00ed skrze Akt o digit\u00e1ln\u00edch trz\u00edch"},"content":{"rendered":"<h6>A\u010dkoliv je sou\u010dasn\u00e9 digit\u00e1ln\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed velik\u00e9 a r\u016fznorod\u00e9, spot\u0159ebitel\u00e9 si mohou pov\u0161imnout, \u017ee se p\u0159i jeho pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dasto opakovan\u011b setk\u00e1vaj\u00ed s n\u011bkolika spole\u010dnostmi. Jedn\u00e1 se toti\u017e o spole\u010dnosti provozuj\u00edc\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00ed platformy, kter\u00e9 propojuj\u00ed u\u017eivatele z \u0159ad spot\u0159ebitel\u016f i podnikatel\u016f s aplikacemi, zbo\u017e\u00edm \u010di slu\u017ebami nab\u00edzen\u00fdmi jin\u00fdmi podnikateli. Aby obrovsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti jako Google, Microsoft, Apple \u010di Meta nezneu\u017e\u00edvaly sv\u00e9ho dominantn\u00edho postaven\u00ed, nebr\u00e1nily men\u0161\u00edm spole\u010dnostem a podnikatel\u016fm ve vstupu na trh a jejich digit\u00e1ln\u00ed platformy byly v\u016f\u010di u\u017eivatel\u016fm spravedliv\u00e9, byl Evropskou uni\u00ed zaveden Akt o digit\u00e1ln\u00edch trz\u00edch. Nyn\u00ed se bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed t\u0159\u00edlet\u00e9 v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnosti DMA, a proto chceme p\u0159ipomenout, co toto unijn\u00ed na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed pro spot\u0159ebitele.<\/h6>\n<h6><strong>Ned\u00edln\u00e1 sou\u010d\u00e1st digit\u00e1ln\u00edho sv\u011bta<\/strong><\/h6>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-131630 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/29\/logo-dtest-114x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"114\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/29\/logo-dtest-114x300.jpg 114w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/29\/logo-dtest.jpg 126w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 114px) 100vw, 114px\" \/>Akt o digit\u00e1ln\u00edch trz\u00edch, tak\u00e9 ozna\u010dovan\u00fd jako \u201eDMA\u201c, m\u00e1 za c\u00edl regulovat relativn\u011b malou skupinu nejdominantn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch sv\u011btov\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed p\u016fsob\u00edc\u00edch na digit\u00e1ln\u00edm trhu. Tyto spole\u010dnosti skrze sv\u00e9 platformy umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed podnikatel\u016fm oslovovat velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u016f (spot\u0159ebitel\u016f i podnikatel\u016f), typicky s nab\u00eddkou zbo\u017e\u00ed a slu\u017eeb. P\u0159\u00edkladem je obchod s aplikacemi Google Play nebo n\u00e1kupn\u00ed galerie Amazon.\u00a0<em>\u201eD\u016fle\u017eitou platformu propojuj\u00edc\u00ed podnikatele a u\u017eivatele v\u0161ak mohou p\u0159edstavovat tak\u00e9 opera\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m Windows od Microsoftu, soci\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b Facebook, Instagram nebo TikTok \u010di slu\u017eba Booking.com,\u201c<\/em>\u00a0dod\u00e1v\u00e1 Eduarda Hek\u0161ov\u00e1, \u0159editelka spot\u0159ebitelsk\u00e9 organizace dTest.<\/p>\n<h6><strong><em>\u201eNeprojde\u0161 d\u00e1l!\u201c<\/em><\/strong><\/h6>\n<p>Obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed jejich platformy vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed, d\u00e1v\u00e1 t\u011bmto spole\u010dnostem dominantn\u00ed postaven\u00ed a zna\u010dnou mo\u017enost ovliv\u0148ovat digit\u00e1ln\u00ed trh, proto je DMA ozna\u010duje jako \u201estr\u00e1\u017ece p\u0159\u00edstupu\u201c. Pokud si zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 digit\u00e1ln\u00ed platformy p\u0159edstav\u00edme jako br\u00e1ny na digit\u00e1ln\u00ed trh, pak spole\u010dnosti, kter\u00e9 je provozuj\u00ed, jsou jejich str\u00e1\u017en\u00fdmi. Tyto br\u00e1ny jsou natolik frekventovan\u00e9, \u017ee podnikatel\u0161t\u00ed i spot\u0159ebitel\u0161t\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u00e9 se na n\u011b do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry spol\u00e9haj\u00ed. Pokud by se ov\u0161em str\u00e1\u017ece p\u0159\u00edstupu sv\u00e9voln\u011b rozhodl, \u017ee ur\u010dit\u00e9mu podnikateli odep\u0159e vstup na platformu a t\u00edm i vstup na digit\u00e1ln\u00ed trh, pro podnikatele to m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159edstavovat velik\u00e9 znev\u00fdhodn\u011bn\u00ed. Str\u00e1\u017ece p\u0159\u00edstupu si toho je v\u011bdom, a mohl by si proto vstup nespravedliv\u011b podmi\u0148ovat r\u016fzn\u00fdmi omezen\u00edmi nebo s\u00e1m diktovat v\u00fd\u0161i cen. Takt\u00e9\u017e str\u00e1\u017ece p\u0159\u00edstupu nakl\u00e1d\u00e1 s velk\u00fdm mno\u017estv\u00edm u\u017eivatelsk\u00fdch dat a leckdy i s\u00e1m poskytuje vlastn\u00ed slu\u017eby, kter\u00e9 jin\u00fdm podnikatel\u016fm konkuruj\u00ed. V d\u016fsledku by tak str\u00e1\u017eci p\u0159\u00edstupu mohli disponovat v\u00fdznamnou nerovnov\u00e1hou ve vyjedn\u00e1vac\u00ed s\u00edle, uplat\u0148ovat zneu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed ujedn\u00e1n\u00ed a dopou\u0161t\u011bt se nekal\u00fdch praktik.\u00a0<em>\u201eA to nejen proti podnikatel\u016fm, ale i proti spot\u0159ebitel\u016fm,\u201c<\/em>\u00a0upozor\u0148uje Eduarda Hek\u0161ov\u00e1.<\/p>\n<h6><strong>Jak nalo\u017eit s obry?<\/strong><\/h6>\n<p>Unik\u00e1tn\u00ed povaha, \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed role a celosv\u011btov\u00fd dosah str\u00e1\u017ec\u016f p\u0159\u00edstupu maj\u00ed za d\u016fsledek, \u017ee tr\u017en\u00ed procesy ani \u201eklasick\u00e9\u201c pr\u00e1vo ochrany hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ee si s v\u00fd\u0161e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdmi probl\u00e9my nejsou v\u017edy schopn\u00e9 poradit. \u0158e\u0161en\u00ed by m\u011blo poskytovat pr\u00e1v\u011b DMA, kter\u00e9 str\u00e1\u017ec\u016fm p\u0159\u00edstupu ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 sadu specifick\u00fdch povinnost\u00ed. Zejm\u00e9na muse\u00ed str\u00e1\u017eci p\u0159\u00edstupu podnikatelsk\u00fdm u\u017eivatel\u016fm vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edm jejich platformy poskytovat f\u00e9rov\u00e9 podm\u00ednky a nesm\u011bj\u00ed omezovat jejich \u010dinnost, nap\u0159. z\u00e1kazem jin\u00fdch zp\u016fsob\u016f distribuce mimo platformu \u010di povinnost\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edt konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed platebn\u00ed syst\u00e9m.\u00a0<em>\u201e\u0158\u00e1dn\u00e9 pln\u011bn\u00ed t\u011bchto povinnost\u00ed by m\u011blo zlep\u0161it konkurenceschopnost men\u0161\u00edch podnikatel\u016f na trhu a spot\u0159ebitel\u00e9 by se tak m\u011bli t\u011b\u0161it v\u011bt\u0161\u00edmu v\u00fdb\u011bru zbo\u017e\u00ed a slu\u017eeb, kter\u00e9 dosahuj\u00ed lep\u0161\u00ed kvality a p\u0159\u00edzniv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch cen,\u201c<\/em>\u00a0dod\u00e1v\u00e1 Eduarda Hek\u0161ov\u00e1. Rovn\u011b\u017e DMA poskytuje u\u017eivatel\u016fm vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed m\u00edru kontroly nad sv\u00fdmi daty a zakazuje str\u00e1\u017ec\u016fm p\u0159\u00edstupu, aby samovoln\u011b kombinovali data u\u017eivatel\u016f nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d r\u016fzn\u00fdmi slu\u017ebami. Tato pravidla mus\u00ed str\u00e1\u017eci p\u0159\u00edstupu dodr\u017eovat ji\u017e od roku 2024. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b poru\u0161en\u00ed jim hroz\u00ed pokuta ve v\u00fd\u0161i a\u017e 10 % jejich glob\u00e1ln\u00edho obratu a a\u017e 20 % p\u0159i opakovan\u00e9m poru\u0161en\u00ed. V dubnu 2025 tak byly ud\u011bleny pokuty spole\u010dnostem Apple a Meta, v p\u0159epo\u010dtu se jednalo o \u010d\u00e1stky ve v\u00fd\u0161i 12,5 miliardy K\u010d a 5 miliard K\u010d.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><sub><em><strong>dTest, o.p.s.<\/strong> je nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010deskou spot\u0159ebitelskou organizac\u00ed, kter\u00e1 v\u00a0\u010cR p\u016fsob\u00ed ji\u017e od roku 1992. Je vydavatelem spot\u0159ebitelsk\u00e9ho \u010dasopisu dTest, na jeho\u017e str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch jsou publikov\u00e1ny v\u00fdsledky nez\u00e1visl\u00fdch a objektivn\u00edch test\u016f produkt\u016f, varov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdmi a zdravotn\u011b z\u00e1vadn\u00fdmi v\u00fdrobky, informace o spot\u0159ebitelsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1vech a rady, jak tato pr\u00e1va \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b uplat\u0148ovat. dTest je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed organizace International Consumer Research and Testing (ICRT) a\u00a0evropsk\u00e9 spot\u0159ebitelsk\u00e9 organizace BEUC.<\/em><\/sub><\/li>\n<li><sub><em><strong>Poradensk\u00e1 linka \u010dasopisu dTest \u2013<\/strong> 299 149\u00a0009 \u2013 je v\u00a0provozu ka\u017ed\u00fd pracovn\u00ed den od 9 do 17 hodin a spot\u0159ebitel\u00e9 na n\u00ed mohou konzultovat s\u00a0pr\u00e1vn\u00edmi poradci dTestu nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed spot\u0159ebitelsk\u00e9 probl\u00e9my, a to za cenu b\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho tarifu vol\u00e1n\u00ed. Od spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed v\u00a0roce 2010 t\u00e9to mo\u017enosti vyu\u017eily ji\u017e desetitis\u00edce spot\u0159ebitel\u016f a poradensk\u00e1 linka \u010dasopisu dTest se tak stala prvn\u00ed a nejvyhled\u00e1van\u011bj\u0161\u00ed cestou k\u00a0\u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pot\u00ed\u017e\u00ed, se kter\u00fdmi se z\u00e1kazn\u00edci na trhu setk\u00e1vaj\u00ed.<\/em><\/sub><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>dTest<\/strong><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A\u010dkoliv je <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":371792,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[87],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/31\/ram-dtest.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/371791"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=371791"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/371791\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":371794,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/371791\/revisions\/371794"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/371792"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=371791"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=371791"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=371791"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}