{"id":371027,"date":"2026-03-25T13:22:42","date_gmt":"2026-03-25T12:22:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=371027"},"modified":"2026-03-25T13:22:42","modified_gmt":"2026-03-25T12:22:42","slug":"stara-sumava-a-posumavi-o-medvedim-cesneku","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=371027","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA A PO\u0160UMAV\u00cd: O medv\u011bd\u00edm \u010desneku"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Ka\u017ed\u00fd rok, jak se probouz\u00ed fl\u00f3ra, lze mezi st\u00e1le \u0159\u00eddce olist\u011bn\u00fdmi stromy nal\u00e9zt rostlinu p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed konvalinku. Ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo si jej\u00ed listy prot\u0159e mezi prsty, okam\u017eit\u011b pozn\u00e1 charakteristickou v\u016fni medv\u011bd\u00edho \u010desneku, star\u00e9 evropsk\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010div\u00e9 a jedl\u00e9 rostliny. Traduje se, \u017ee n\u00e1m ho matka p\u0159\u00edroda v\u011bnuje jako d\u00e1rek po n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 zim\u011b. M\u00e1me z n\u011bj na\u010derpat energii do dal\u0161\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f. Medv\u011bd\u00ed \u010desnek roste pouze na ja\u0159e, tak\u017ee ho neprop\u00e1sn\u011bte, byla by to velk\u00e1 \u0161koda.<\/h6>\n

Je\u0161t\u011b na za\u010d\u00e1tku 21. stolet\u00ed o medv\u011bd\u00edm \u010desneku v\u011bd\u011blo jen p\u00e1r stovek nad\u0161enc\u016f. S p\u0159\u00edchodem farm\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch trh\u016f a s obrovsk\u00fdm n\u00e1r\u016fstem popularity va\u0159en\u00ed se ale z t\u00e9to bylinky stala jarn\u00ed ikona, bez n\u00ed\u017e se v kuchyni u\u017e nikdo neobejde.<\/p>\n

\u010cesnek medv\u011bd\u00ed se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 ji\u017e od st\u0159edov\u011bku. Poz\u016fstatky medv\u011bd\u00edho \u010desneku se \u010dasto nach\u00e1zely v osad\u00e1ch v podh\u016f\u0159\u00ed Alp. Vel\u0161\u0161t\u00ed Keltov\u00e9 ho jedli p\u0159ed bitvou, proto\u017ee se \u0159\u00edkalo, \u017ee p\u0159i konzumaci ve spr\u00e1vn\u00fd \u010das dod\u00e1v\u00e1 odvahu a teplo. Listy medv\u011bd\u00edho \u010desneku jsou nav\u00edc velmi v\u00fd\u017eivn\u00e9 a povzbuzuj\u00edc\u00ed. Tehdy mu v\u011bhlasn\u00ed bylin\u00e1\u0159i a l\u00e9ka\u0159i p\u0159ipisovali a\u017e magick\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky.<\/p>\n

Existuj\u00ed dv\u011b v\u00fdzna\u010dn\u00e1 d\u00edla, v nich\u017e se o n\u011bm p\u00ed\u0161e. Jedna kniha, prokazateln\u011b dochovan\u00e1 pouze v jednom jedin\u00e9m exempl\u00e1\u0159i ulo\u017een\u00e9m v Praze, m\u00e1 n\u00e1zev D\u00edla l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e1 od Johanna Ettmullera a druh\u00e9, sedmn\u00e1ctid\u00edln\u00e9 veled\u00edlo se jmenuje L\u00e9\u010div\u00e9 rostliny star\u00e9 Rusi a l\u00e9\u010debn\u00e9 metody rusk\u00e9ho lidu, bylo seps\u00e1no velkokn\u00ed\u017eetem Jevgeniem Sacyporovem v Petrohradu. Vydal jej vlastn\u00edm n\u00e1kladem, a to v listopadu roku 1917. Ve sv\u00e9m stavovsk\u00e9m dekretu \u201eCapitulare de villis vel curtis imperii\u201c, pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b napsan\u00e9m v roce 812 n. l., na\u0159\u00eddil c\u00edsa\u0159 Karel Velik\u00fd, aby se v ka\u017ed\u00e9 zahrad\u011b na c\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00fdch panstv\u00edch p\u011bstoval mimo jin\u00e9 i medv\u011bd\u00ed \u010desnek. T\u00edmto dekretem stanovil c\u00edsa\u0159 Karel Velik\u00fd standard pro d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010div\u00e9 a u\u017eitkov\u00e9 rostliny.<\/p>\n

Soukrom\u00e9 zahrady se tak\u00e9 \u0159\u00eddily c\u00edsa\u0159ov\u00fdmi doporu\u010den\u00edmi, co\u017e vedlo k jejich \u0161irok\u00e9mu p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed. V d\u016fsledku toho se v t\u00e9 dob\u011b medv\u011bd\u00ed \u010desnek b\u011b\u017en\u011b vyskytoval i v zahrad\u00e1ch.Pozd\u011bji medv\u011bd\u00ed \u010desnek do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry upadl v zapomn\u011bn\u00ed. Proto\u017ee byl pova\u017eov\u00e1n za l\u00e1tku podporuj\u00edc\u00ed plodnost a smysln\u011b stimuluj\u00edc\u00ed, nebyl ve st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00fdch kl\u00e1\u0161terech dob\u0159e p\u0159ijat. Jeho v\u016fn\u011b byla v t\u00e9 dob\u011b tak\u00e9 pova\u017eov\u00e1na za ne\u010distou. Jeho detoxika\u010dn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky jsou pops\u00e1ny tak\u00e9 v d\u00edle Pedania Dioscoridesa De materia medica, kde jsou uvedeny jako jedna z cibulovit\u00fdch rostlin.<\/p>\n

Zn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a ur\u010dit\u011b d\u016fv\u011bryhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je kniha zn\u00e1m\u00e9 bylin\u00e1\u0159ky Marie Trebenov\u00e9 L\u00e9\u010div\u00e9 rostliny z Bo\u017e\u00ed zahrady. Autorka uv\u00e1d\u00ed medv\u011bd\u00ed \u010desnek mimo jin\u00e9 i jako \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd prost\u0159edek proti nespavosti. V Mattioliho herb\u00e1\u0159i z 16. stolet\u00ed je medv\u011bd\u00ed \u010desnek sice pops\u00e1n, av\u0161ak bez informac\u00ed o l\u00e9\u010div\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dinc\u00edch. P\u00ed\u0161e se zde o zap\u00e1chaj\u00edc\u00edm ml\u00e9ce dobytka, kter\u00fd na pastv\u011b sp\u00e1s\u00e1 \u010desnek medv\u011bd\u00ed a tak\u00e9 jako o prost\u0159edku zah\u00e1n\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed zl\u00e9 po\u010das\u00ed, nebo jako o symbolu do kapsy pov\u011br\u010div\u00fdm hav\u00ed\u0159\u016fm.<\/p>\n

Pastor K\u00fcnzle (1857-1945), bylink\u00e1\u0159, uct\u00edval medv\u011bd\u00ed \u010desnek jako \u201ejeden z nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00edch a nej\u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch l\u00e9k\u016f v Bo\u017e\u00ed l\u00e9k\u00e1rn\u011b\u201c. \u0158\u00edk\u00e1: \u201eTi, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou neust\u00e1le nemocn\u00ed, skroful\u00f3zn\u00ed a chudokrevn\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed vypadaj\u00ed, jako by u\u017e le\u017eeli v hrob\u011b a byli znovu vy\u0161kr\u00e1b\u00e1ni slepicemi, ct\u00ed medv\u011bd\u00ed \u010desnek jako zlato, nebo\u0165 po jeho sn\u011bden\u00ed rozkvete jako r\u016f\u017eov\u00e1 m\u0159\u00ed\u017eov\u00ed nebo se otev\u0159ou jako \u0161i\u0161ky na slunci a stanou se op\u011bt zcela zdrav\u00fdmi a sv\u011b\u017e\u00edmi \u2013 po del\u0161\u00edm u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed tohoto \u00fa\u017easn\u00e9ho daru od Boha .\u201c<\/p>\n

V dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b se medv\u011bd\u00ed \u010desnek pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159i za\u017e\u00edvac\u00edch pot\u00ed\u017e\u00edch, arterioskler\u00f3ze, vysok\u00e9m krevn\u00edm tlaku, k pos\u00edlen\u00ed imunitn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu, ke zlep\u0161en\u00ed krevn\u00edho ob\u011bhu, ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed hladiny cukru a cholesterolu v krvi, p\u0159i ko\u017en\u00edch vyr\u00e1\u017ek\u00e1ch a k uvoln\u011bn\u00ed hlenu p\u0159i bronchitid\u011b. D\u00edky obsahu s\u00edry medv\u011bd\u00ed \u010desnek tak\u00e9 pom\u00e1h\u00e1 p\u0159i detoxikaci a \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed t\u011bla. S medv\u011bd\u00edm \u010desnekem nemus\u00edte nutn\u011b vym\u00fd\u0161let n\u011bjak\u00e9 slo\u017eitosti. Skv\u011ble ho upot\u0159eb\u00edte prakticky v\u0161ude, kam si b\u011b\u017en\u011b sypete jin\u00e9 \u010derstv\u00e9 bylinky jako t\u0159eba pa\u017eitku nebo petr\u017eelku. Kraj\u00edc chleba s \u010derstv\u00fdm s\u00fdrem a medv\u011bd\u00edm \u010desnekem je chu\u0165ov\u011b v\u00fdborn\u00e1 jarn\u00ed sn\u00eddan\u011b \u010di sva\u010dina. Na\u0165 bylinky si m\u016f\u017eete nasekat tak\u00e9 do pol\u00e9vky, kef\u00edru, p\u0159idat do pomaz\u00e1nky, smoothie nebo t\u0159eba jarn\u00edho sal\u00e1tku.<\/p>\n

Medv\u011bd\u00ed \u010desnek se bohu\u017eel v posledn\u00edch letech stal velmi popul\u00e1rn\u00edm a kdysi kr\u00e1sn\u00e1 pole medv\u011bd\u00edho \u010desneku byla neopatrn\u00fdmi lidmi zcela po\u0161lap\u00e1na. Z\u0159ejm\u011b cokoli, co nic nestoj\u00ed a je tak zdrav\u00e9, si nezaslou\u017e\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dnou pozornost. Ob\u00e1v\u00e1m se, \u017ee pokud v tomto duchu budou lid\u00e9 pokra\u010dovat, bude medv\u011bd\u00ed \u010desnek nakonec muset b\u00fdt chr\u00e1n\u011bn. Na tinkturu, olej nebo ocet pot\u0159ebujete jen mal\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed medv\u011bd\u00edho \u010desneku; na 500g sklenici pesta sta\u010d\u00ed velk\u00e1 hrst, proto si pros\u00edm natrhejte jen tolik, kolik zpracujete v ten sam\u00fd den. Takto si ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee n\u00e1\u0161 medv\u011bd\u00ed \u010desnek u\u017e\u00edvat po mnoho let.<\/p>\n

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Zdroj:<\/strong> Evelyn Lawrenz: Medv\u011bd\u00ed \u010desnek (Allium ursinum L.) v jeho p\u0159irozen\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed a z\u00e1v\u011bry pro udr\u017eiteln\u00e9 p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed Johann Andreas Christian L\u00f6hr: U\u017eite\u010dn\u00e1 a \u00fapln\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edrodopisn\u00e1 literatura pro nad\u0161ence a u\u010ditele. , Svazek 3, Rostliny, prvn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st , s 57 ilustracemi, Vydavatel G. Fleischer, Lipsko, 1817<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

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