{"id":367580,"date":"2026-02-02T19:53:30","date_gmt":"2026-02-02T18:53:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=367580"},"modified":"2026-02-02T19:53:30","modified_gmt":"2026-02-02T18:53:30","slug":"stara-sumava-a-posumavi-unorove-rozjimani-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=367580","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA A PO\u0160UMAV\u00cd: \u00danorov\u00e9 rozj\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Kdo ticho miluje\u0161 a samotu<\/em>
\na v les\u00edch hlubok\u00fdch a v m\u00edru sn\u011b\u017en\u00fdch pol\u00ed<\/em>
\nnaslouch\u00e1\u0161 rytmu \u017eivota,<\/em>
\nzda n\u011bkdy nesly\u0161\u00ed\u0161<\/em>
\nhlas hlubin?<\/em>
\nZn\u00ed z d\u00e1lky karneval vra\u017ed, krve, um\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/em>
\nMl\u010den\u00ed zem\u011b bol\u00ed.<\/em>
\nV\u0161ak dole<\/em>
\ntep srdce chv\u011bje se a skryt\u00fd pramen temnot<\/em>
\ndere se k sv\u011btlu.<\/em>
\nA p\u00edse\u0148 mlad\u00fdch vod<\/em>
\ntv\u00e9 srdce opije a hlavu \u0161t\u011bst\u00edm zm\u00e1m\u00ed,<\/em>
\n\u017ee v zoufalstv\u00ed snad, ve v\u00ed\u0159e v\u0161ak nejsme sami.<\/em> (M\u011bs\u00edce, 1918 Karel Toman)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\nNa prvn\u00ed pohled se m\u016f\u017ee zd\u00e1t, \u017ee \u00fanor je jen tak mal\u00fdm, t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 p\u0159ehl\u00ed\u017een\u00fdm m\u011bs\u00edcem v na\u0161em kalend\u00e1\u0159i. Skute\u010dnost v\u0161ak ukazuje, \u017ee jeho kr\u00e1tk\u00e1 d\u00e9lka skr\u00fdv\u00e1 fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed historick\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh pln\u00fd tradic, zm\u011bn a zaj\u00edmav\u00fdch m\u00fdt\u016f, kter\u00e9 ovlivnily podobu modern\u00edho roku.<\/h6>\n

\u00danor je zcela jist\u011b nejzaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00edm m\u011bs\u00edcem z cel\u00e9ho roku. Tedy pro mne jist\u011b a douf\u00e1m, \u017ee i pro mnoh\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed. Zcela nesmysln\u011b je nejkrat\u0161\u00ed a nav\u00edc ob\u010das, tedy p\u0159esn\u011bji jednou za \u010dty\u0159i roky, m\u00e1 o den v\u00edce ne\u017e v t\u011bch minul\u00fdch t\u0159ech letech. To je konstatov\u00e1n\u00ed jist\u011b ban\u00e1ln\u00ed, ale je t\u0159eba zamyslet se nad t\u00edm, pro\u010d tomu tak je! Odpov\u011b\u010f bohu\u017eel nezn\u00e1me a nena\u0161el ji ani Karel \u010capek, kter\u00fd, jako\u017eto v\u00e1\u0161niv\u00fd zahradn\u00edk, m\u011bl na tento m\u011bs\u00edc obzvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed pifku. Dovolte mi kr\u00e1tkou citaci z jeho Zahradn\u00edkova roku:<\/p>\n

\u201eTento nejkrat\u0161\u00ed m\u011bs\u00edc, tento z\u00e1prtek mezi m\u011bs\u00edci, tento m\u011bs\u00edc nedono\u0161en\u00fd, p\u0159estupn\u00fd a v\u016fbec nesolidn\u00ed vynik\u00e1 nad v\u0161echny ostatn\u00ed sv\u00fdmi potm\u011b\u0161il\u00fdmi z\u00e1ludy; m\u011bjte se p\u0159ed n\u00edm na pozoru!\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

Zde bych s citac\u00ed velk\u00e9ho spisovatele skon\u010dil a za chv\u00edli uvid\u00edte pro\u010d! Sv\u00fdmi slovy bych pak je\u0161t\u011b dodal, \u017ee se divil, pro\u010d se o p\u0159estupn\u00e9m roce p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 ten dev\u011btadvac\u00e1t\u00fd den pr\u00e1v\u011b tomuto m\u011bs\u00edci. On navrhoval, \u017ee by bylo lep\u0161\u00ed, kdyby se ten den p\u0159id\u00e1val kr\u00e1sn\u00e9mu m\u00e1ji a j\u00e1 bych s n\u00edm souhlasil. Vra\u0165me se ale k \u010capkov\u011b v\u00fdzv\u011b, \u017ee p\u0159ed \u00fanorem bychom m\u011bli b\u00fdt na pozoru. A to hned z n\u011bkolika d\u016fvod\u016f.<\/p>\n

\u00danor, podle star\u00fdch tradic m\u011bs\u00edc hodokvas\u016f a nev\u00e1zan\u00e9ho vesel\u00ed. Pokra\u010duj\u00ed a vrchol\u00ed toti\u017e oslavy masopustu, kter\u00e9 zapo\u010daly v lednu po rozj\u00edmav\u00e9m adventn\u00edm p\u016fstu. Lid\u00e9 se vesel\u00edm p\u0159ipravovali na dal\u0161\u00ed sebezpytov\u00e1n\u00ed a p\u0159edvelikono\u010dn\u00ed p\u016fst. Nev\u00e1zan\u00e9 vesel\u00ed s sebou neslo z\u00e1rove\u0148 cht\u011bn\u00fd efekt ve form\u011b rozen\u00ed potomk\u016f do vhodn\u00e9 doby. Svat\u00fd Martin uk\u00e1\u017ee, co masopust dok\u00e1\u017ee! \u00danor se sv\u00fdm z\u00e1ludn\u00fdm po\u010das\u00edm nad\u011blal vr\u00e1sky nejednomu zahradn\u00edkovi. Holomrazy, slunce, kter\u00e9 z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 na s\u00edle, v\u011btrno a vlhko, po\u010das\u00ed nest\u00e1l\u00e9 ji\u017e v dob\u011b na\u0161ich praotc\u016f. Bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edc\u00ed se jaro se za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 nesm\u011ble hl\u00e1sit o slovo. Ve dne se p\u0159\u00edroda t\u011b\u0161\u00ed ze slune\u010dn\u00edch paprsk\u016f, v noci ude\u0159\u00ed mrazy, za kter\u00e9 by se ani leden nestyd\u011bl.<\/p>\n

Ani d\u00e9\u0161\u0165 v tomto m\u011bs\u00edci dle dal\u0161\u00ed \u00fanorov\u00e9 pranostiky \u00farod\u011b nep\u0159eje: \u201e\u00danorov\u00e1 voda \u2013 pro pole \u0161koda\u201c. Voda toti\u017e v tomto obdob\u00ed odte\u010de bez u\u017eitku. Naopak zmrzl\u00e1 sn\u011bhov\u00e1 pokr\u00fdvka, kter\u00e1 vydr\u017e\u00ed, bude p\u0159\u00edrodou vyu\u017eita. A tak se pr\u00e1v\u011b vrtochy m\u011bs\u00edce \u00fanora staly z\u00e1kladem tohoto r\u010den\u00ed. \u00danor je velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd pro uchov\u00e1n\u00ed vl\u00e1hy pro nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed jarn\u00ed obdob\u00ed a rozpuk vegetace, jak potvrzuj\u00ed i meteorologov\u00e9. Je to ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 m\u011bs\u00edc, kter\u00e9mu se u\u017e zima nechce poslouchat. D\u011bl\u00e1 si zkr\u00e1tka, co chce.<\/p>\n

M\u011bs\u00edc \u00fanor s sebou nese \u0159adu dal\u0161\u00edch pranostik. Tak nap\u0159\u00edklad i tzv. Mat\u011bjovsk\u00e9 pranostiky, kter\u00e9 se v\u00e1\u017e\u00ed k 24. \u00fanoru, poukazuj\u00ed na prom\u011bnlivost po\u010das\u00ed v tomto obdob\u00ed. \u0158ada z nich ukazuje na bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edc\u00ed se jaro, v\u011bt\u0161inou ale volaj\u00ed po nutnosti st\u00e1le je\u0161t\u011b pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed zimy. Proto\u017ee: \u201eKdy\u017e ko\u010dka le\u017e\u00ed v \u00fanoru na slunci, poleze v dubnu za kamna\u201c, ale pokud: \u201eV \u00fanoru sn\u00edh a led \u2013 v l\u00e9t\u011b nanesou v\u010dely med\u201c.<\/p>\n

Jedna z nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edch Mat\u011bjovsk\u00fdch pranostika \u0159\u00edk\u00e1: \u201eSvat\u00fd Mat\u011bj ledy l\u00e1me, nem\u00e1-li jich, nad\u011bl\u00e1 je\u201c. Inu zima je\u0161t\u011b nep\u0159edala svoji vl\u00e1du. Bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed se b\u0159ezen a jak se \u0159\u00edk\u00e1: \u201eB\u0159ezen za kamna vlezem, duben je\u0161t\u011b tam budem.\u201c A tak nejen \u00fanor, ale i nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed m\u011bs\u00edce n\u00e1m m\u016f\u017eou je\u0161t\u011b po\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b zatopit v kamnech.<\/p>\n

Kr\u00e1tk\u00fd \u00fanor je v\u00edce ne\u017e jen kalend\u00e1\u0159n\u00ed zvl\u00e1\u0161tnost \u2013 je to odraz historick\u00fdch, kulturn\u00edch a astronomick\u00fdch faktor\u016f, kter\u00e9 ovlivnily v\u00fdvoj na\u0161eho m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed \u010dasu. Od p\u016fvodn\u00edch \u0159\u00edmsk\u00fdch tradic a\u017e po modern\u00ed kalend\u00e1\u0159n\u00ed reformy se \u00fanor stal symbolem p\u0159echodu, o\u010disty a preciznosti. Jeho 28 dn\u00ed n\u00e1m p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00ed, jak hluboce jsou na\u0161e ka\u017edodenn\u00ed zvyky zako\u0159en\u011bny v d\u00e1vn\u00e9 minulosti a jak mal\u00e9, zd\u00e1nliv\u011b nev\u00fdznamn\u00e9 detaily mohou m\u00edt dlouhou a fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed historii.<\/p>\n

I kdy\u017e se m\u016f\u017ee zd\u00e1t, \u017ee zm\u011bna d\u00e9lky m\u011bs\u00edce je pouhou abstrakc\u00ed, p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh \u00fanoru n\u00e1m nab\u00edz\u00ed pohled do minulosti, kde se st\u0159et\u00e1valy tradice, v\u011bda a praktick\u00e9 \u017eivotn\u00ed pot\u0159eby. A tak i kdy\u017e m\u00e1 \u00fanor jen 28 dn\u00ed, skr\u00fdv\u00e1 v sob\u011b mnohem v\u00edce \u2013 je to m\u011bs\u00edc, kter\u00fd vypr\u00e1v\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh o lidsk\u00e9m \u00fasil\u00ed porozum\u011bt \u010dasu a sv\u011btu kolem n\u00e1s.<\/p>\n

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P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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