{"id":36758,"date":"2021-11-04T16:54:21","date_gmt":"2021-11-04T15:54:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=36758"},"modified":"2021-11-11T19:41:11","modified_gmt":"2021-11-11T18:41:11","slug":"stara-sumava-rodiny-a-pratele-se-schazeli-u-jednoho-stolu-aby-si-pochutnali-na-martinske-huse-a-hnetynkach","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=36758","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA: Legenda prav\u00ed, \u017ee husy sv. Martina ru\u0161ily p\u0159i k\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed, a proto odpyk\u00e1vaj\u00ed sv\u016fj trest na pek\u00e1\u010di"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Ilustra\u010dn\u00ed foto: archiv (red) – Za kr\u00e1sn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed Vimperk<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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Snad nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm duchovn\u00edm bohatstv\u00edm n\u011bjak\u00e9ho n\u00e1roda jsou jeho zapadl\u00ed lesn\u00ed os\u00eddlenci (“seine Hintersassen in den W\u00e4ldern”), od nich\u017e vych\u00e1zej\u00ed v\u017edy nov\u00e9 proudy s\u00edly. Ti prost\u00ed a bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed zvl\u00e1daj\u00ed drsn\u00e9 str\u00e1nky \u017eivota bez velk\u00fdch slov, dovedou se oddat v plnou vroucnost\u00ed sv\u00fdm n\u011bkolika m\u00e1lo sv\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edm hodin\u00e1m. <\/span><\/strong><\/h6>\n

Z nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edch podzimn\u00edch ud\u00e1lost\u00ed je sv\u00e1tek svat\u00e9ho Martina. P\u0159ipad\u00e1 na 11. listopadu a je s n\u00edm spojena hned cel\u00e1 \u0159ada tradic a pranostik. \u010celedi kon\u010dila ro\u010dn\u00ed slu\u017eba, dost\u00e1vali v\u00fdplatu a museli si hledat slu\u017ebu novou, nebo z\u00edskali smlouvu na dal\u0161\u00ed rok. I obec v tento den uzav\u00edrala nov\u00e9 smlouvy s obecn\u00edm past\u00fd\u0159em \u010di ponocn\u00fdm. Konaly se v\u00fdro\u010dn\u00ed trhy, pout\u011b a posv\u00edcen\u00ed. Rodiny a p\u0159\u00e1tel\u00e9 se sch\u00e1zeli u jednoho stolu, aby si pochutnali na martinsk\u00e9 huse a martinsk\u00fdch hn\u011bt\u00fdnk\u00e1ch. J\u00eddla byla tu\u010dn\u00e1, jako by se cht\u011bli lid\u00e9 p\u0159ipravit na dlouhou chladnou zimu. <\/span><\/p>\n

D\u0159\u00edve byla martinsk\u00e1 husa posledn\u00ed pe\u010den\u00ed p\u0159ed \u0161estit\u00fddenn\u00edm adventn\u00edm postem. Existuj\u00ed hned dv\u011b legendy, pro\u010d pat\u0159\u00ed husa na st\u016fl. Prvn\u00ed vypr\u00e1v\u00ed o tom, \u017ee husy svat\u00e9ho Martina ru\u0161ily p\u0159i k\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed a zato odpyk\u00e1vaj\u00ed sv\u016fj trest na pek\u00e1\u010di. Podle druh\u00e9 legendy se svat\u00fd Martin schoval p\u0159ed volbou biskupa do hejna hus. Husy ho v\u0161ak sv\u00fdm kejh\u00e1n\u00edm prozradily a tak musel Martin biskupsk\u00fd \u00fa\u0159ad p\u0159ijmout.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zdena Hochov\u00e1 o svatomartinsk\u00e9m dni p\u00ed\u0161e: \u201cNa sv. Martina b\u00fdvalo veselo v dom\u00e1cnostech staro\u010desk\u00fdch, selsk\u00fdch, m\u011b\u0161\u0165ansk\u00fdch i pansk\u00fdch.”<\/em> Selsk\u00e1 pranostika z roku 1710 r\u00fdmuje o slaven\u00ed sv. Martina u na\u0161ich p\u0159edk\u016f: \u201cNa den sv. biskupa Martina mil\u00fd hospod\u00e1\u0159 a jeho dru\u017eina husy jed\u00ed, pivo k tomu pij\u00edce, \u0161t\u011bdr\u00e9ho Martina chv\u00e1l\u00edce; p\u00e1ni, \u017e\u00e1ci a kn\u011b\u017e\u00ed se raduj\u00ed, neb se jim koledy p\u0159ibli\u017euj\u00ed. Pacholci a d\u00edvky svobodu m\u00edvaj\u00ed a u jin\u00fdch p\u00e1n\u016f se zjedn\u00e1vaj\u00ed.\u201d <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Pranostiky starod\u00e1vn\u00e9 zmi\u0148uj\u00ed se o tom, \u017ee v dob\u011b okolo sv. Martina za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 sn\u011b\u017eit; av\u0161ak je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce o tom, \u017ee na sv. Martina v\u00e1b\u00ed pe\u010den\u00e1 husi\u010dka k rodinn\u00e9mu ob\u011bdu: \u201cSvat\u00fd Martin p\u0159ij\u00ed\u017ed\u00ed na b\u00edl\u00e9m koni. – Na svat\u00e9ho Martina kou\u0159\u00edv\u00e1 se z kom\u00edna. – O svat\u00e9m Martin\u011b husa nejp\u011bkn\u011bji zp\u00edv\u00e1.- Radost Martina je hus a d\u017eb\u00e1n v\u00edna.\u201d<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

D\u0159\u00edve se dr\u017eelo posv\u00edcen\u00ed p\u0159esn\u011b na svat\u00e9ho Martina a nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed ned\u011bli se pak \u0159\u00edkalo hrub\u00e9 hody.<\/span><\/p>\n

Na svat\u00e9ho biskupa Martina<\/em>
\n mil\u00fd hospod\u00e1\u0159 a jeho dru\u017eina<\/em>
\n husy jed\u00ed, v\u00edno k tomu pij\u00edce<\/em>
\n \u0161t\u011bdr\u00e9ho Martina chv\u00e1l\u00edce<\/em>
\n p\u00e1ni, \u017e\u00e1ci a kn\u011b\u017e\u00ed se raduj\u00ed<\/em>
\n neb se jim koledy p\u0159ibli\u017euj\u00ed.<\/em>
\n Pacholci a d\u00edvky svobodu m\u00edvaj\u00ed<\/em>
\n a u jin\u00fdch p\u00e1n\u016fv se zjedn\u00e1vaj\u00ed.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

(Selsk\u00e1 pranostika z roku 1710)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\n

Dal\u0161\u00edm bavorsko \u0161umavsk\u00fdm sv\u00e1tkem je tzv. Wolfauslasse, vyh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed vlka:mu\u017ei chod\u00ed po vesnici se zvony a zvon\u00ed. Prov\u00e1d\u011blo se na den sv. Ond\u0159eje 30. listopadu. To se ve skupin\u00e1ch kradou od domu k domu, bij\u00ed bi\u010di\u0161ti na vrata a k\u0159i\u010d\u00ed “D’ Wulfn hant do” (“vlci jsou tu”). Jde asi o starobylou nar\u00e1\u017eku na n\u011bkdej\u0161\u00ed v\u00edru v prom\u011b\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed se ve zv\u00ed\u0159ata, kter\u00e1 \u010dasto spl\u00fdv\u00e1 vjedno se zvykov\u00fdm projevem pospolitosti. Pak pr\u00e1skaj\u00ed mocn\u011b sv\u00fdmi bi\u010di, zvon\u00ed a trop\u00ed hluk v\u0161emi instrumenty k tomu vhodn\u00fdmi.<\/p>\n

Tak by se daly uv\u00e9st je\u0161t\u011b nespo\u010detn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edklady mocn\u011b kvetouc\u00edho zvykoslov\u00ed na \u0160umav\u011b. To, co u\u017e bylo \u0159e\u010deno, v\u0161ak docela dob\u0159e posta\u010d\u00ed k tomu, aby vystihlo \u017eivot t\u011bchto lid\u00ed i s\u00edlu a prap\u016fvodnost jejich zp\u016fsobu my\u0161len\u00ed. K\u00e9\u017e jim z\u016fstane zachov\u00e1no,i v dob\u011b, kter\u00e1 nyn\u00ed nast\u00e1v\u00e1, jim k po\u017eehn\u00e1n\u00ed a n\u00e1m pro radost.<\/p>\n

Zdroj: Richard Wolfram Deutsches Ahnenerbe<\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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