{"id":36700,"date":"2019-11-07T09:20:17","date_gmt":"2019-11-07T08:20:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=36700"},"modified":"2021-11-09T11:04:34","modified_gmt":"2021-11-09T10:04:34","slug":"svaty-martin-a-tradice-nejen-prvni-snih-ale-i-posviceni-se-vsim-co-k-nemu-patri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=36700","title":{"rendered":"SVAT\u00dd MARTIN A TRADICE: Prvn\u00ed sn\u00edh, prav\u00e9 venkovsk\u00e9 posv\u00edcen\u00ed, v\u00fdro\u010dn\u00ed, dobyt\u010d\u00ed trhy i oslava nov\u00e9ho v\u00edna"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Autor obr\u00e1zku. Josef LADA<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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Dozlatova upe\u010den\u00e1 husa a mlad\u00e9 svatomartinsk\u00e9 v\u00edno. Ani jedno nem\u016f\u017ee chyb\u011bt p\u0159i oslav\u011b sv\u00e1tku svat\u00e9ho Martina, kter\u00fd p\u0159ipad\u00e1 na 11. listopadu, kdy k n\u00e1m podle pranostiky m\u00e1 tento sv\u011btec na koni p\u0159iv\u00e9zt prvn\u00ed sn\u00edh.<\/strong><\/h6>\n

Svat\u00fd Martin se narodil roku 316 n.l. jako Martin Toursk\u00fd. Jeho otec byl pohansk\u00fd \u0159\u00edmsk\u00fd d\u016fstojn\u00edk v \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9 provincii Horn\u00ed Panonie, dne\u0161n\u00edm Ma\u010farsku, a u\u017e v patn\u00e1cti letech donutil Martina st\u00e1t se voj\u00e1kem. Legenda \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee jedn\u00e9 chladn\u00e9 temn\u00e9 noci uvid\u011bl Martin na ulici polonah\u00e9ho \u017eebr\u00e1ka, kter\u00fd ho \u017e\u00e1dal o almu\u017enu. Martin ale pen\u00edze nem\u011bl, a proto\u017ee cht\u011bl \u017eebr\u00e1ka alespo\u0148 ochr\u00e1nit p\u0159ed chladem, rozetnul sv\u016fj vojensk\u00fd pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 na dv\u011b poloviny a jednu mu daroval. N\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed noc se mu zjevil Kristus oble\u010den\u00fd pr\u00e1v\u011b do t\u00e9to poloviny pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b. Pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b pod vlivem tohoto zjeven\u00ed p\u0159ijal Martin na Velkou noc roku 339 k\u0159est a rozhodl se zasv\u011btit sv\u016fj \u017eivot Bohu. Na opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed vojska si ale musel po\u010dkat dal\u0161\u00edch zhruba 15 let, ne\u017e dos\u00e1hl d\u016fstojnick\u00e9 hodnosti. V roce 372 p\u0159ijal biskupsk\u00fd stolec v Tours, ale i p\u0159es sv\u00e9 jmenov\u00e1n\u00ed biskupem \u017eil d\u00e1le jako mnich v chatr\u010di pobl\u00ed\u017e \u0159eky Loiry, kde pozd\u011bji vzniklo opatstv\u00ed Marmoutier. Svat\u00fd Martin zem\u0159el roku 397 v 81 letech v Candes u Tours. Je patronem voj\u00e1k\u016f, kon\u00ed, jezdc\u016f, hus a vina\u0159\u016f a nej\u010dast\u011bji b\u00fdv\u00e1 zobrazov\u00e1n na koni s p\u016flkou pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b a \u017eebr\u00e1kem.<\/p>\n

Sv\u00e1tek svat\u00e9ho Martina pat\u0159il ji\u017e v historii k jednomu z nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00edch v roce. Tento den byl spojov\u00e1n nejen s p\u0159\u00edchodem prvn\u00edho sn\u011bhu, ale tak\u00e9 s prav\u00fdm posv\u00edcen\u00edm se v\u0161\u00edm, co k n\u011bmu pat\u0159\u00ed. \u010celedi obvykle kon\u010dila sjednan\u00e1 slu\u017eba, dost\u00e1vala plat a hledala slu\u017ebu pro dal\u0161\u00ed rok. Na mnoha m\u00edstech se krom\u011b posv\u00edcen\u00ed konaly tak\u00e9 dobyt\u010d\u00ed a v\u00fdro\u010dn\u00ed trhy. Ve vina\u0159sk\u00fdch oblastech pak tento den pat\u0159il oslav\u011b nov\u00e9ho v\u00edna.<\/p>\n

K tomuto sv\u00e1tku neodmysliteln\u011b pat\u0159\u00ed dob\u0159e vykrmen\u00e1 a upe\u010den\u00e1 svatomartinsk\u00e1 husa obvykle pod\u00e1van\u00e1 s houskov\u00fdm nebo bramborov\u00fdm knedl\u00edkem a \u010derven\u00fdm zel\u00edm. I k t\u00e9 se mimochodem poj\u00ed hned dv\u011b legendy. Podle jedn\u00e9 se j\u00ed proto, \u017ee husy svat\u00e9ho Martina p\u0159i k\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed ru\u0161ily, a proto nyn\u00ed odpyk\u00e1vaj\u00ed trest na pek\u00e1\u010di. Druh\u00e1 \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee Martin byl tak skromn\u00fd, \u017ee se p\u0159ed volbou biskupem skr\u00fdval v husn\u00edku, ale husy ho sv\u00fdm \u0161t\u011bbet\u00e1n\u00edm prozradily. Na svatomartinskou tabuli pat\u0159\u00ed tak\u00e9 tradi\u010dn\u00ed rohl\u00edky pln\u011bn\u00e9 m\u00e1kem nebo povidly a samoz\u0159ejm\u011b ji\u017e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9, a\u0165 u\u017e \u010derven\u00e9 \u010di b\u00edl\u00e9, mlad\u00e9 v\u00edno, kter\u00e9 se k pokrm\u016fm \u010desk\u00e9 kuchyn\u011b v\u00fdte\u010dn\u011b hod\u00ed.<\/p>\n

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Petra HUB\u00c1LKOV\u00c1<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Foto: pixabay<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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