{"id":366311,"date":"2026-01-15T18:59:46","date_gmt":"2026-01-15T17:59:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=366311"},"modified":"2026-01-15T19:03:24","modified_gmt":"2026-01-15T18:03:24","slug":"ceska-republika-jaky-vliv-maji-kormorani-na-ubytek-ryb-vedci-zahajuji-terenni-pokusy-s-provazo-faborkovymi-zabranami","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=366311","title":{"rendered":"\u010cESK\u00c1 REPUBLIKA: V\u011bdci v ter\u00e9nu. Jak\u00fd vliv maj\u00ed kormor\u00e1ni na \u00fabytek ryb?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed ter\u00e9nn\u00edch experiment\u016f je odlov ryb elektrick\u00fdm agreg\u00e1tem<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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Kormor\u00e1n velk\u00fd pat\u0159\u00ed k nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm rybo\u017erav\u00fdm pred\u00e1tor\u016fm Evropy a jeho rostouc\u00ed populace p\u0159edstavuje v\u00e1\u017enou hrozbu pro p\u016fvodn\u00ed druhy ryb v \u0159ek\u00e1ch. V\u011bdci z Biologick\u00e9ho centra Akademie v\u011bd \u010cR nyn\u00ed v\u00a0r\u00e1mci mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho projektu ProtectFish zahajuj\u00ed ter\u00e9nn\u00ed experimenty, jejich\u017e c\u00edlem je zjistit, jak moc jsou za ztr\u00e1ty cenn\u00fdch druh\u016f ryb zodpov\u011bdn\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b tito drav\u00ed pt\u00e1ci. Na \u0159ek\u00e1ch St\u0159ela a Svatava na Karlovarsku v\u011bdci instaluj\u00ed provazo-f\u00e1borkov\u00e9 z\u00e1brany, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed sn\u00ed\u017eit intenzitu lovu kormor\u00e1n\u016f a jejich dopad na ryb\u00ed populace.<\/h6>\n
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Kormor\u00e1n velk\u00fd je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm rybo\u017erav\u00fdm pred\u00e1torem<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\"\"Podle rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 studie, kterou zve\u0159ejnili Martin \u010cech a Luk\u00e1\u0161 Vej\u0159\u00edk z\u00a0Biologick\u00e9ho centra AV \u010cR v\u00a0roce 2011, ulov\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd kormor\u00e1n denn\u011b p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 400 g ryb. Skute\u010dn\u011b velc\u00ed jedinci, jejich\u017e v\u00e1ha p\u0159esahuje 3,5 kg, dok\u00e1\u017eou denn\u011b spo\u0159\u00e1dat t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 1 kg ryb a jsou schopn\u00ed polykat i pades\u00e1ticentimetrov\u00e9 ryby v\u00e1\u017e\u00edc\u00ed 500-800 g. P\u0159i posledn\u00edch dvou plo\u0161n\u00fdch s\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00edch v letech 2006 a 2012 \u010d\u00edtala celoevropsk\u00e1 populace kormor\u00e1na velk\u00e9ho t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 2 miliony jedinc\u016f a v\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b se ukazuje, \u017ee p\u0159inejmen\u0161\u00edm v n\u011bkter\u00fdch regionech (\u0160v\u00e9dsko, Pobaltsk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty) tyto po\u010dty d\u00e1le dramaticky rostou.<\/p>\n

Denn\u011b nalov\u00ed kormor\u00e1ni ryby v cen\u011b p\u0159esahuj\u00edc\u00ed 1,5 milionu euro. Krom\u011b citeln\u00fdch ztr\u00e1t v akvakultu\u0159e p\u016fsob\u00ed \u0161kody zejm\u00e9na na p\u016fvodn\u00edch druz\u00edch ryb v\u00a0tekouc\u00edch vod\u00e1ch, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad lipan podhorn\u00ed nebo parma obecn\u00e1, kter\u00e9 nedok\u00e1\u017eou siln\u00e9mu preda\u010dn\u00edmu tlaku \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b \u010delit. Oproti jin\u00fdm rybo\u017erav\u00fdm pred\u00e1tor\u016fm, jako jsou nap\u0159. vydry \u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed nebo led\u0148\u00e1\u010dci \u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed, toti\u017e kormor\u00e1ni \u010dasto lov\u00ed ve skupin\u00e1ch. Tu m\u016f\u017ee tvo\u0159it jen n\u011bkolik jedinc\u016f, ale i des\u00edtky nebo dokonce stovky pt\u00e1k\u016f koordinovan\u011b lov\u00edc\u00edch na jednom m\u00edst\u011b. Lok\u00e1ln\u00ed dopady jejich lovu tak mohou b\u00fdt extr\u00e9mn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Tento tlak m\u00e1 z\u00e1sadn\u00ed dopad nejen na ryb\u00ed spole\u010denstva, ale i na hodnocen\u00ed ekologick\u00e9ho stavu vod podle R\u00e1mcov\u00e9 sm\u011brnice EU o vod\u00e1ch (Sm\u011brnice \u010d. 2000\/60\/ES). P\u0159esto\u017ee Evropsk\u00e1 unie investovala v posledn\u00edch dvou dek\u00e1d\u00e1ch stovky milion\u016f eur do obnovy \u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00edch ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f, stav populac\u00ed ryb, zejm\u00e9na t\u011bch nejcenn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch druh\u016f, se nezlep\u0161uje \u2013 n\u011bkde je dokonce hor\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e p\u0159ed zah\u00e1jen\u00edm revitaliza\u010dn\u00edch opat\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u201eKormor\u00e1n velk\u00fd je mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b efektivn\u00ed pred\u00e1tor a v n\u011bkter\u00fdch \u00fasec\u00edch \u0159ek m\u016f\u017ee jeho lov v\u00fdrazn\u011b ovlivnit ryb\u00ed spole\u010denstva. Bez srovn\u00e1vac\u00edch experiment\u016f ale nelze objektivn\u011b \u0159\u00edci, do jak\u00e9 m\u00edry je za \u00fabytek ryb skute\u010dn\u011b zodpov\u011bdn\u00fd,\u201c<\/em> vysv\u011btluje Martin \u010cech z Biologick\u00e9ho centra AV \u010cR. Pr\u00e1v\u011b t\u011bmto souvislostem se v\u011bnuje mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed projekt\u00a0ProtectFish\u00a0(2024-2028), financovan\u00fd Evropskou komis\u00ed v r\u00e1mci programu Horizon Europe, jeho\u017e hlavn\u00edm \u0159e\u0161itelem pro \u010ceskou republiku je Biologick\u00e9 centrum AV \u010cR.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b v\u011bdci na vybran\u00fdch \u010desk\u00fdch \u0159ek\u00e1ch instaluj\u00ed provazo-f\u00e1borkov\u00e9 z\u00e1brany, kter\u00e9 by m\u011bly omezit lov kormor\u00e1n\u016f. Stejn\u00e9 experimenty prob\u00edhaj\u00ed soub\u011b\u017en\u011b i v dal\u0161\u00edch evropsk\u00fdch zem\u00edch, nap\u0159\u00edklad v D\u00e1nsku, N\u011bmecku, Rakousku nebo Polsku.<\/p>\n

\u201eC\u00edlem experiment\u016f nen\u00ed zav\u00e9st pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed fyzick\u00fdch z\u00e1bran jako dlouhodob\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, ale na z\u00e1klad\u011b tvrd\u00fdch dat p\u0159esn\u011b vyhodnotit, jak velk\u00fd pod\u00edl m\u00e1 kormor\u00e1n velk\u00fd na \u00fabytku p\u016fvodn\u00edch druh\u016f ryb v evropsk\u00fdch \u0159ek\u00e1ch a jakou roli hraj\u00ed i dal\u0161\u00ed faktory, jako jsou jin\u00ed dravci, zm\u011bna klimatu, zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed nebo dal\u0161\u00ed lidsk\u00e9 vlivy,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Martin \u010cech.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdsledky projektu ProtectFish maj\u00ed p\u0159isp\u011bt k objektivn\u00edmu posouzen\u00ed stavu evropsk\u00fdch \u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00edch ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f a st\u00e1t se podkladem pro budouc\u00ed rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed o ochran\u011b ryb i udr\u017eiteln\u00e9m managementu populace kormor\u00e1na velk\u00e9ho v Evrop\u011b.<\/p>\n

(tz-av\u010dr)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: Martin \u010cech, BC AV \u010cR<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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M\u011b\u0159en\u00ed pstruha obecn\u00e9ho<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

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V \u010cR se projekt ProtectFish zab\u00fdv\u00e1 i jin\u00fdm rybo\u017erav\u00fdm pred\u00e1torem – led\u0148\u00e1\u010dkem \u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00edm<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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Projekt ProtectFish zahrnuje i p\u016fvodn\u00ed formy evropsk\u00fdch pstruh\u016f<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

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Mezi prioritn\u00ed druhy projektu ProtectFish pat\u0159\u00ed lipan podhorn\u00ed<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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Provazo-f\u00e1borkov\u00e9 z\u00e1brany k omezen\u00ed preda\u010dn\u00edho tlaku kormor\u00e1n\u016f instalovan\u00e9 na \u0159ece St\u0159ele<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  Kormor\u00e1n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":366318,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,174],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/13\/Vedci-zahajuji-terenni-pokusy-s-provazo-faborkovymi-zabranami-proti-kormoranum-7.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/366311"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=366311"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/366311\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":366510,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/366311\/revisions\/366510"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/366318"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=366311"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=366311"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=366311"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}