{"id":365815,"date":"2026-01-08T08:18:59","date_gmt":"2026-01-08T07:18:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=365815"},"modified":"2026-01-08T08:23:58","modified_gmt":"2026-01-08T07:23:58","slug":"ceska-republika-jatra-pri-regeneraci-pretvareji-toxicky-amoniak-na-latku-podporujici-rust","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=365815","title":{"rendered":"\u010cESK\u00c1 REPUBLIKA: J\u00e1tra p\u0159i regeneraci p\u0159etv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed toxick\u00fd amoniak na l\u00e1tku podporuj\u00edc\u00ed r\u016fst"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"
Ilustra\u010dn\u00ed foto: pixabay<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed t\u00fdm v\u011bdc\u016f veden\u00fd Biotechnologick\u00fdm \u00fastavem Akademie v\u011bd \u010cR v centru BIOCEV objasnil kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd mechanismus, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b rychlou regeneraci jater. Studie zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e1 v presti\u017en\u00edm \u010dasopise Nature Communications ukazuje, \u017ee j\u00e1tra v pr\u016fb\u011bhu regenerace vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed toxick\u00fd amoniak ke sv\u00e9 obnov\u011b. Ten p\u0159em\u011b\u0148uj\u00ed na glutamin \u2013 l\u00e1tku nezbytnou pro produkci DNA a RNA b\u011bhem rychl\u00e9ho d\u011blen\u00ed bun\u011bk.<\/h6>\n

\"\"J\u00e1tra jsou mezi lidsk\u00fdmi org\u00e1ny jedine\u010dn\u00e1 schopnost\u00ed pln\u011b obnovit svou hmotnost a funkci i po zna\u010dn\u00e9m po\u0161kozen\u00ed. Po odstran\u011bn\u00ed a\u017e t\u0159etiny jejich objemu dok\u00e1\u017eou b\u011bhem p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b deseti dn\u016f znovu dor\u016fst do sv\u00e9 p\u016fvodn\u00ed velikosti a vytvo\u0159it stovky milion\u016f nov\u00fdch bun\u011bk \u2013 tempo, kter\u00e9 p\u0159evy\u0161uje v\u011bt\u0161inu druh\u016f rakoviny. Na rozd\u00edl od n\u00e1dor\u016f se v\u0161ak tento r\u016fst zastav\u00ed po dosa\u017een\u00ed p\u016fvodn\u00ed velikosti.<\/p>\n

\u201eRegenerace jater je jedn\u00edm z nejrychlej\u0161\u00edch a nejp\u0159esn\u011bji regulovan\u00fdch proces\u016f r\u016fstu v biologii. Cht\u011bli jsme pochopit, jak si jatern\u00ed bu\u0148ky zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed dostatek molekul\u00e1rn\u00edch stavebn\u00edch kamen\u016f k replikaci sv\u00e9 DNA,\u201c<\/em> vysv\u011btluje Ji\u0159\u00ed Neu\u017eil, vedouc\u00ed Laborato\u0159e molekul\u00e1rn\u00ed terapie Biotechnologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu AV \u010cR (BT\u00da AV \u010cR) a hlavn\u00ed autor studie v Nature Communications.<\/p>\n

P\u0159echod z detoxikace na synt\u00e9zu<\/h6>\n

V\u011bdci zjistili, \u017ee b\u011bhem regenerace doch\u00e1z\u00ed k dramatick\u00e9 zm\u011bn\u011b metabolismu jater. Nam\u00edsto b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 detoxikace amoniaku pomoc\u00ed tzv. ure\u00e1tov\u00e9ho cyklu ho bu\u0148ky p\u0159esm\u011bruj\u00ed k produkci pyrimidin\u016f, z\u00e1kladn\u00edch slo\u017eek DNA a RNA, prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm de novo syntetick\u00e9 dr\u00e1hy. T\u00fdm ji\u017e d\u0159\u00edve prok\u00e1zal, \u017ee tato dr\u00e1ha je tak\u00e9 nezbytn\u00e1 pro r\u016fst rakovinn\u00fdch bun\u011bk, kter\u00e9 jsou z\u00e1visl\u00e9 na horizont\u00e1ln\u00edm mitochondri\u00e1ln\u00edm p\u0159enosu.<\/p>\n

\u201eKdy\u017e jsme experiment\u00e1ln\u011b zablokovali de novo synt\u00e9zu pyrimidin\u016f, regenerace jater se zcela zastavila. To dokazuje, \u017ee tato cesta je nepostradateln\u00e1 a nelze ji nahradit z\u00e1chrann\u00fdmi mechanismy,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Berwini Endaya, vedouc\u00ed projektu regenerace jater, v jeho\u017e r\u00e1mci v\u011bdci kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd mechanismus jater odhalili.<\/p>\n

Od toxick\u00e9 slou\u010deniny k nezbytn\u00e9 \u017eivin\u011b<\/h6>\n

Za norm\u00e1ln\u00edch podm\u00ednek je amoniak vysoce toxick\u00fd. Jatern\u00ed tk\u00e1\u0148 jej v\u0161ak b\u011bhem regenerace p\u0159em\u011b\u0148uje na glutamin, kter\u00fd podporuje tvorbu nukleotid\u016f pot\u0159ebn\u00fdch pro rychl\u00e9 d\u011blen\u00ed bun\u011bk. Studie tak odhaluje pozoruhodn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edklad toho, jak se \u0161kodliv\u00e9 l\u00e1tky za specifick\u00fdch fyziologick\u00fdch podm\u00ednek st\u00e1vaj\u00ed \u017eivotn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm r\u016fstov\u00fdm faktorem.<\/p>\n

\u201eTento objev zd\u016fraz\u0148uje pozoruhodnou metabolickou flexibilitu jater. Jsou schopna p\u0159em\u011bnit amoniak, kter\u00fd je za norm\u00e1ln\u00edch okolnost\u00ed toxick\u00fdm odpadn\u00edm produktem, na l\u00e1tku kl\u00ed\u010dovou pro regeneraci,\u201c<\/em> dopl\u0148uje Ji\u0159\u00ed Neu\u017eil.<\/p>\n

Na pr\u00e1ci se pod\u00edleli v\u011bdci z USA, Portugalska, Koreje a Nov\u00e9ho Z\u00e9landu, co\u017e podtrhuje glob\u00e1ln\u00ed dosah t\u00e9to spolupr\u00e1ce. Krom\u011b biologie jater poskytuje tento objev nov\u00e9 poznatky o metabolismu n\u00e1dor\u016f, kter\u00e9 \u010dasto vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed podobn\u00e9 metabolick\u00e9 p\u0159ep\u00edna\u010de pro podporu rychl\u00e9ho r\u016fstu.<\/p>\n

Odkaz na publikaci:<\/p>\n

Endaya, B.B., Ku\u010dera, L., Le, DD.T. et al. Regenerating liver uses ammonia to support de novo pyrimidine synthesis and cell proliferation. Nat Commun 16, 9664 (2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-025-65451-2<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

(tz-av\u010dr)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":365816,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,174],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/08\/jatra.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/365815"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=365815"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/365815\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":365821,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/365815\/revisions\/365821"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/365816"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=365815"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=365815"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=365815"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}