{"id":361264,"date":"2026-11-08T19:42:44","date_gmt":"2026-11-08T18:42:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=361264"},"modified":"2026-11-08T23:22:29","modified_gmt":"2026-11-08T22:22:29","slug":"stara-sumava-a-posumavi-o-posvicenskem-kaldounu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=361264","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA A PO\u0160UMAV\u00cd: O posv\u00edcensk\u00e9m kaldounu"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Pol\u00e9vky jsou jedn\u00edm z j\u00eddel, kter\u00e1 v\u011brn\u011b odr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed m\u00edsto, kam historicky pat\u0159\u00ed. Pol\u00e9vka kaldoun jako by zrcadlila hlubok\u00e9 \u0161umavsk\u00e9 lesy. Hust\u00e1 je jako mlha, kter\u00e1 se n\u011bkdy na h\u0159ebenech Ostr\u00e9ho, Debrn\u00edku \u010di Blatn\u00e9ho vrchu dok\u00e1\u017ee dr\u017eet i n\u011bkolik dn\u00ed.<\/h6>\n

Martinsk\u00e9 posv\u00edcen\u00ed, to je s\u00f3lo pro hus\u00ed pe\u010deni, ale jak u\u017e to tak v t\u00e9 na\u0161\u00ed \u010desk\u00e9 kuchyni chod\u00ed, maso p\u0159edb\u011bhne pol\u00e9vka. P\u0159ed hus\u00ed pe\u010den\u00ed se tradi\u010dn\u011b serv\u00edroval kaldoun. Pod n\u00e1zvem kaldoun se skr\u00fdv\u00e1 hust\u00e1 zapra\u017een\u00e1 pol\u00e9vka z hus\u00edch drob\u016f a zeleniny, do kter\u00e9 se jako zav\u00e1\u0159ka vkl\u00e1daj\u00ed \u0161irok\u00e9 nudle. Kdy\u017e byla v kuchyni cel\u00e1 husa, vy\u010dlenil se alespo\u0148 kousek jater na knedl\u00ed\u010dky, kter\u00fdmi se pol\u00e9vka vylep\u0161ila.<\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e se za star\u00fdch \u010das\u016f zab\u00edjely husy na svatomartinsk\u00e9 posv\u00edcen\u00ed, cht\u011bly z nich hospody\u0148ky v\u0161e co nejv\u00edc vyu\u017e\u00edt. Z kost\u00ed se proto va\u0159il v\u00fdvar a hus\u00ed vnit\u0159nosti neboli dr\u016fbky se pou\u017eily do pol\u00e9vky zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako kaldoun, kter\u00e1 je dodnes jednou z nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed hostiny na sv. Martina.<\/p>\n

Kaldoun je jednou z tradi\u010dn\u00edch pol\u00e9vek \u010desk\u00e9 kuchyn\u011b. Na \u010das se na n\u011bj sice trochu pozapomn\u011blo, se st\u00e1le zv\u011bt\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed se popularitou sv\u00e1tku svat\u00e9ho Martina se i kaldoun dost\u00e1v\u00e1 na v\u00fdslun\u00ed. Tato hust\u00e1 a vydatn\u00e1 pol\u00e9vka ov\u0161em nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt nutn\u011b hus\u00ed. Kaldoun neboli kaldon, jak se tak\u00e9 n\u011bkdy ozna\u010duje, je vlastn\u011b pol\u00e9vka z dr\u016fbe\u017e\u00edch drob\u016f. Jako mnoho specialit se k n\u00e1m dostal z rakousk\u00e9 kuchyn\u011b, o \u010dem\u017e sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed u\u017e to, \u017ee n\u011bmeck\u00e9 slovo kaldaunen znamen\u00e1 pr\u00e1v\u011b dr\u016fbky.<\/p>\n

V mnoha \u010desk\u00fdch kucha\u0159k\u00e1ch se j\u00ed \u010dasto ani kaldoun ne\u0159\u00edk\u00e1, t\u0159eba ve slavn\u00e9 prvorepublikov\u00e9 kucha\u0159ce M. J. Sandtnerov\u00e9 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd kaldoun nenajdete, pouze pol\u00e9vku z hus\u00edch drob\u016f. A nen\u00ed ani v M. D. Rettigov\u00e9, s n\u00ed\u017e je kaldoun nejv\u00edc spojov\u00e1n, m\u00e1 jen \u201epol\u00edvku s krupi\u010dn\u00fdmi knedl\u00ed\u010dkami\u201c, do n\u00ed\u017e se d\u00e1vaj\u00ed \u201ehus\u00ed drobe\u010dky (kaldoun)\u201c. V ka\u017ed\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b ji\u017e za \u010das\u016f Rakouska-Uherska byl kaldoun vn\u00edm\u00e1n jako sv\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed pol\u00e9vka.<\/p>\n

Kaldoun m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt ku\u0159ec\u00ed, kachn\u00ed \u010di kr\u016ft\u00ed (v Polab\u00ed se d\u011blal t\u0159eba i z kr\u00e1l\u00edka). Na svat\u00e9ho Martina se ale pol\u00e9vka p\u0159ipravovala pr\u00e1v\u011b z drob\u016f hus\u00edch. Byla do dokonal\u00e1 mo\u017enost, jak vyu\u017e\u00edt to, co z hus\u00ed pe\u010d\u00ednky zbylo. Kosti a r\u016fzn\u00e9 od\u0159ezky (skelet, krk, k\u0159\u00eddla) jsou skv\u011bl\u00fdm z\u00e1kladem pro v\u00fdvar, kter\u00fd se pak u\u017e jen dopln\u00ed vnit\u0159nostmi, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b i zbytky masa z pe\u010d\u00ednky a ko\u0159enovou zeleninou. Krom\u011b mrkve, petr\u017eele a celeru (ten m\u016f\u017eete pou\u017e\u00edt \u0159ap\u00edkat\u00fd, kter\u00fd dod\u00e1 pol\u00e9vce hez\u010d\u00ed barvu) je p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b mo\u017en\u00e9 kaldoun o\u017eivit i p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00edm kv\u011bt\u00e1ku.<\/p>\n

Kaldoun je pol\u00e9vkou b\u00edlou a zahu\u0161t\u011bnou neboli zad\u011bl\u00e1vanou, do kter\u00e9 se krom\u011b j\u00ed\u0161ky \u010dasto p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 i smetana nebo ml\u00e9ko. A aby byla je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edc syt\u00e1, maso a zeleninu v n\u00ed dopl\u0148uj\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b kulat\u00e9 houskov\u00e9 nebo j\u00e1trov\u00e9 knedl\u00ed\u010dky a n\u011bkdy i nudle. Kaldoun byl ostatn\u011b kdysi i takovou pol\u00e9vkou ze zbytk\u016f, nebo\u0165 do n\u011bj hospodyn\u011b dala v\u0161e, co zrovna m\u011bla doma. Nav\u00edc se b\u00e1je\u010dn\u011b hodil do chladn\u00e9ho po\u010das\u00ed panuj\u00edc\u00ed kolem svat\u00e9ho Martina, nebo\u0165 po\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b zasytil a je\u0161t\u011b kr\u00e1sn\u011b zah\u0159\u00e1l, co\u017e p\u0159i\u0161lo vhod ve chv\u00edli, kdy svat\u00fd Martin opravdu p\u0159ijel na b\u00edl\u00e9m koni. I p\u0159es svou vydatnost je kaldoun pol\u00e9vkou jemnou a delik\u00e1tn\u00ed, hodnou sv\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edho stolu. Ko\u0159en\u00ed se mu\u0161k\u00e1tov\u00fdm o\u0159\u00ed\u0161kem, bobkov\u00fdm listem, n\u011bkdy i \u0161afr\u00e1nem a \u010dasto se do n\u00ed nakonec pro barvu a chu\u0165 p\u0159id\u00e1vaj\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b \u010derstv\u00e9 nasekan\u00e9 bylinky, nej\u010dast\u011bji petr\u017eelka nebo pa\u017eitka.<\/p>\n

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Zdroj:<\/strong> Magaz\u00edn Va\u0159en\u00ed Hana Mal\u00e9nkov\u00e1<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

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  Pol\u00e9vky <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":390365,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[74],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/07\/ram-o-kaldounu.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/361264"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=361264"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/361264\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":390364,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/361264\/revisions\/390364"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/390365"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=361264"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=361264"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=361264"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}