{"id":360655,"date":"2025-11-03T12:47:18","date_gmt":"2025-11-03T11:47:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=360655"},"modified":"2025-11-03T12:47:18","modified_gmt":"2025-11-03T11:47:18","slug":"vseobecna-zdravotni-pojistovna-preventivni-vysetreni-prostaty","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=360655","title":{"rendered":"V\u0160EOBECN\u00c1 ZDRAVOTN\u00cd POJI\u0160\u0164OVNA: Preventivn\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed prostaty"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

OT\u00c1ZKA:<\/h6>\n
Jak prob\u00edh\u00e1 preventivn\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed prostaty a koho se t\u00fdk\u00e1?<\/b><\/h6>\n
ODPOV\u011a\u010e:<\/h6>\n

Od 1. 1. 2024 je v \u010cR spu\u0161t\u011bn pilotn\u00ed popula\u010dn\u00ed program \u010dasn\u00e9ho z\u00e1chytu karcinomu prostaty\u00a0<\/b>(screeningov\u00fd program). Ta pat\u0159\u00ed mezi nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zhoubn\u00e9 n\u00e1dory u mu\u017e\u016f. V\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b \u010dasn\u00e9ho z\u00e1chytu a diagnostiky rakoviny prostaty v\u00a0tzv. po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edm st\u00e1diu existuje re\u00e1ln\u00e1 \u0161ance na \u00fapln\u00e9 vyl\u00e9\u010den\u00ed. Nemoc b\u00fdv\u00e1 dlouhou dobu bez p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f, jej\u00ed projevy mohou b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 \u010dasto zam\u011b\u0148ov\u00e1ny za\u00a0zv\u011bt\u0161enou prostatu.\u00a0Z\u00e1kladn\u00edm vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00edm a odhalen\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9ho rizika onemocn\u011bn\u00ed je\u00a0laboratorn\u00ed rozbor krve, z\u00a0n\u011bho\u017e se stanov\u00ed hladina tzv.\u00a0PSA<\/b>\u00a0(prostatick\u00fd specifick\u00fd antigen).<\/p>\n

Co je to hladina PSA?<\/b><\/p>\n

PSA je protein produkovan\u00fd v\u00a0tk\u00e1ni prostaty. Zpravidla je hladina PSA v\u00a0krvi velmi n\u00edzk\u00e1, proto jej\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee odhalit p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed \u2013 nejen rakovinu prostaty, ale nap\u0159. tak\u00e9 z\u00e1n\u011bt nebo zv\u011bt\u0161en\u00ed prostaty. Hladina PSA v krvi se s\u00a0v\u011bkem zvy\u0161uje, proto jsou\u00a0stanoveny referen\u010dn\u00ed hodnoty pro interpretaci v\u00fdsledk\u016f.<\/p>\n

Kdo se m\u016f\u017ee nechat vy\u0161et\u0159it?<\/b><\/p>\n

Vy\u0161et\u0159it se mohou nechat mu\u017ei v\u00a0rizikov\u00e9m v\u011bku od 50 do 69 let (v\u010detn\u011b), a to i ti, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou v\u00a0dispenz\u00e1rn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di pro jin\u00e9 onkologick\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed.\u00a0<\/b>Screeningov\u00e9ho programu se nemohou z\u00fa\u010dastnit pacienti, kte\u0159\u00ed se ji\u017e l\u00e9\u010d\u00ed s\u00a0rakovinou prostaty nebo jsou pro toto onemocn\u011bn\u00ed sledov\u00e1ni. Screeningov\u00fd program m\u00e1 v\u00edce f\u00e1z\u00ed a poji\u0161t\u011bnec m\u016f\u017ee ve\u00a0kter\u00e9koli f\u00e1zi vyslovit nesouhlas s\u00a0pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00edm v programu.<\/p>\n

Jak vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed prob\u00edh\u00e1?<\/b><\/p>\n

Indikovat pacienta ke screeningov\u00e9mu vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee v\u0161eobecn\u00fd praktick\u00fd l\u00e9ka\u0159 nebo ambulantn\u00ed urolog<\/b>\u00a0(odbornost 706 \u2013 urologie). Ne\u017e dojde k\u00a0samotn\u00e9mu vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed, m\u011bl by l\u00e9ka\u0159 poji\u0161t\u011bnci vysv\u011btlit \u00fa\u010del programu a pou\u010dit jej o pr\u016fb\u011bhu vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed \u2013 na z\u00e1klad\u011b t\u011bchto informac\u00ed se\u00a0poji\u0161t\u011bnec rozhodne, zda chce b\u00fdt za\u0159azen do programu \u010dasn\u00e9ho z\u00e1chytu karcinomu prostaty.<\/p>\n

L\u00e9ka\u0159 s\u00a0mu\u017eem nejprve absolvuje rozhovor, v\u00a0r\u00e1mci kter\u00e9ho zjist\u00ed anamn\u00e9zu a p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 zdravotn\u00ed obt\u00ed\u017ee. N\u00e1sleduje\u00a0laboratorn\u00ed odb\u011br krve pro stanoven\u00ed hodnoty PSA a na z\u00e1klad\u011b v\u00fdsledku l\u00e9ka\u0159 za\u0159ad\u00ed mu\u017ee dle konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch (referen\u010dn\u00edch) hodnot do p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 skupiny<\/b>, kde jsou stanovena pravidla pro dal\u0161\u00ed postup. L\u00e9ka\u0159 pacientovi podrobn\u011b vysv\u011btl\u00ed souvisej\u00edc\u00ed informace v\u010detn\u011b dal\u0161\u00edho postupu \u2013 m\u016f\u017ee se jednat nap\u0159. o\u00a0preventivn\u00ed kontroly v ur\u010den\u00fdch intervalech (dva nebo \u010dty\u0159i roky), dodate\u010dn\u00e1 vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed, biopsii atd.<\/p>\n

Vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed na specializovan\u00e9m certifikovan\u00e9m pracovi\u0161ti<\/b><\/p>\n

Pokud by byla PSA hladina vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e stanoven\u00e1 hodnota pro dan\u00fd v\u011bk, je pacient doporu\u010den na\u00a0vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed do certifikovan\u00e9ho pracovi\u0161t\u011b ambulantn\u00ed urologie<\/b>\u00a0\u2013 tj. do p\u00e9\u010de urologa s p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdm\u00a0certifik\u00e1tem, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje prov\u00e1d\u011bt screeningov\u00e9 vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed prostaty.<\/p>\n

Certifikovan\u00fd urolog s\u00a0pacientem absolvuje kr\u00e1tk\u00fd pohovor, b\u011bhem kter\u00e9ho si dopln\u00ed pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 informace v\u00a0anamn\u00e9ze (s d\u016frazem na prod\u011blan\u00e1 onkologick\u00e1 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed). N\u00e1sleduje komplexn\u00ed fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed urologick\u00e9 vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed v\u010detn\u011b palpa\u010dn\u00edho (pohmatem) vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed prostaty a laboratorn\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed mo\u010di. Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed je tak\u00e9 sonografick\u00e9 vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed ledvin, mo\u010dov\u00e9ho m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159e a prostaty, vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed TRUS (transrekt\u00e1ln\u00ed ultrazvukov\u00e9 vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed prostaty), m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed prostaty atd.<\/p>\n

Na z\u00e1klad\u011b v\u00fdsledk\u016f t\u011bchto vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed certifikovan\u00fd urolog stanov\u00ed, zda bude pacient indikov\u00e1n ke\u00a0sledov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo k\u00a0proveden\u00ed magnetick\u00e9 rezonance. Mu\u017ei indikovan\u00ed k proveden\u00ed magnetick\u00e9 rezonance prostaty jsou odesl\u00e1ni do akreditovan\u00e9ho radiologick\u00e9ho pracovi\u0161t\u011b. Mu\u017ei indikovan\u00ed ke\u00a0sledov\u00e1n\u00ed jsou pou\u010deni o pr\u016fb\u011bhu dal\u0161\u00edho sledov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdsledek vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed po proveden\u00e9 magnetick\u00e9 rezonanci<\/b><\/p>\n

Negativn\u00ed v\u00fdsledek<\/u><\/p>\n

Pokud by byl v\u00fdsledek magnetick\u00e9 rezonance negativn\u00ed, z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 pacient ve sledov\u00e1n\u00ed a za rok budou vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed zopakov\u00e1na.<\/p>\n

Pozitivn\u00ed v\u00fdsledek<\/u><\/p>\n

V\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pozitivn\u00edho v\u00fdsledku do\u0161lo k potvrzen\u00ed diagn\u00f3zy karcinomu prostaty. Pacient je indikov\u00e1n k\u00a0proveden\u00ed f\u00fazn\u00ed biopsie prostaty. D\u00e1le je p\u0159ed\u00e1n do p\u00e9\u010de o\u0161et\u0159uj\u00edc\u00edho urologa, kter\u00fd pacienta informuje o dal\u0161\u00edch vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00edch, odesl\u00e1n\u00ed do onkourologick\u00e9ho centra KOC k multidisciplin\u00e1rn\u00edmu posouzen\u00ed a\u00a0stanoven\u00ed postupu onkologick\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010dby.<\/p>\n

\u00dahrada z\u00a0ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdravotn\u00edho poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed<\/b><\/p>\n

Ve\u0161ker\u00e1 vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 jsou pacientovi indikov\u00e1na, jsou pln\u011b hrazena z ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdravotn\u00edho poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. V\u0161echna vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed je nutn\u00e9 prov\u00e9st ve\u00a0smluvn\u00edch zdravotnick\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch<\/b>\u00a0(tedy u\u00a0poskytovatele zdravotn\u00edch slu\u017eeb, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 smlouvu se\u00a0zdravotn\u00ed poji\u0161\u0165ovnou pacienta) a na\u00a0\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b akreditovan\u00fdch pracovi\u0161t\u00edch<\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(vzp)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

OT\u00c1ZKA: Jak <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":360656,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[88],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/03\/ram-vzp.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/360655"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=360655"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/360655\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":360657,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/360655\/revisions\/360657"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/360656"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=360655"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=360655"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=360655"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}