{"id":359442,"date":"2026-10-16T18:27:59","date_gmt":"2026-10-16T17:27:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=359442"},"modified":"2026-10-17T13:42:10","modified_gmt":"2026-10-17T12:42:10","slug":"z-archivu-a-kronik-o-svatem-lukasovi-patronu-lekaru-a-umelcu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=359442","title":{"rendered":"Z ARCHIV\u016e A KRONIK: O svat\u00e9m Luk\u00e1\u0161ovi, patronu l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f a um\u011blc\u016f"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Na svat\u00e9ho Luk\u00e1\u0161e bychom u\u017e m\u011bli skl\u00edzet plody dob\u0159e odveden\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce a radovat se z bohat\u00e9 \u00farody. Lidov\u00e1 moudrost v\u0161ak tak\u00e9 prav\u00ed, \u017ee pokud v tento den zafouk\u00e1 siln\u00fd v\u00edtr, m\u016f\u017eeme o\u010dek\u00e1vat de\u0161tiv\u00fd rok. Tak\u017ee i kdy\u017e se dob\u0159e naj\u00edme, mo\u017en\u00e1 bude pot\u0159eba z\u00e1sobit se de\u0161tn\u00edky.<\/h6>\n

I kdy\u017e se pranostiky v r\u016fzn\u00fdch oblastech m\u00edrn\u011b li\u0161ily ve formulac\u00edch, jejich j\u00e1dro z\u016fstalo stejn\u00e9: na svat\u00e9ho Luk\u00e1\u0161e, 18. \u0159\u00edjna, se statk\u00e1\u0159\u016fm a zem\u011bd\u011blc\u016fm p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1, \u017ee je \u010das zazimovat hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed a p\u0159ipravit pole na dal\u0161\u00ed rok. Toto obdob\u00ed symbolizovalo konec sklizn\u011b, co\u017e bylo \u010dasto spojeno s oslavami \u00farody a p\u0159\u00edpravami na p\u0159\u00edchod zimy.<\/p>\n

Kter\u00e9 pranostiky jsou tedy s t\u00edmto dnem spojen\u00e9? Nap\u0159\u00edklad: \u201eDo svat\u00e9ho Luk\u00e1\u0161e ruce, kde chce\u0161 m\u011bj, ale po n\u011bm je za \u0148adra schovej\u201c n\u00e1m p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1, \u017ee s p\u0159\u00edchodem mraziv\u00fdch dn\u016f je t\u0159eba se p\u0159ipravit na zimu a m\u00edt dostate\u010dn\u00e9 z\u00e1soby potravin. Dal\u0161\u00ed pranostika: \u201eNa svat\u00e9ho Luk\u00e1\u0161e, hojnost chleba i ka\u0161e\u201c. Ta zase mluv\u00ed o tom, \u017ee \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd konec sklizn\u011b, znamen\u00e1 dostatek potravin na zimu, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm obil\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00edch plodin. Dal\u0161\u00ed z pranostik upozor\u0148uje na v\u00fdznam v\u011btru. \u201eNa svat\u00e9ho Luk\u00e1\u0161e, v\u00edtr z r\u00e1na, de\u0161t\u011b do roka.\u201c Tato pranostika nazna\u010duje, \u017ee v\u011btrn\u00e9 po\u010das\u00ed v tento den mohlo p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u011bt de\u0161tiv\u00fd a vlhk\u00fd rok.<\/p>\n

U\u017e od \u010dasn\u00e9ho st\u0159edov\u011bku se v\u00e1\u017e\u00ed k Luk\u00e1\u0161ovu sv\u00e1tku \u010detn\u00e9 lidov\u00e9 tradice. Mezi jin\u00fdm d\u00e1vali lid\u00e9 v d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch dob\u00e1ch dobytku polykat l\u00edstky s po\u017eehn\u00e1n\u00edm, kter\u00e9 byly posv\u011bcov\u00e1ny o sv\u00e1tku sv. Luk\u00e1\u0161e. Ty m\u011bly zv\u00ed\u0159ata chr\u00e1nit p\u0159ed morem a ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00edm. U sedl\u00e1k\u016f je Luk\u00e1\u0161\u016fv den tak\u00e9 dnem p\u0159edpov\u011bdi po\u010das\u00ed, mezi jin\u00fdm je to za\u010d\u00e1tek sklizn\u011b \u0159epy. Ji\u017e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 Luk\u00e1\u0161ovy l\u00edstky p\u0159ikl\u00e1dali d\u0159\u00edve i nevyl\u00e9\u010diteln\u011b nemocn\u00fdm, n\u011bkdy i \u017een\u00e1m p\u0159i t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9m porodu. V\u0161ude na sv\u011bt\u011b pracuj\u00ed tzv. Luk\u00e1\u0161ovy cechy, sdru\u017een\u00ed k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00fdch l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed se zab\u00fdvaj\u00ed etick\u00fdmi ot\u00e1zkami na poli medic\u00edny.<\/p>\n

Sv. Luk\u00e1\u0161 se narodil v Antiochii, jeho jm\u00e9no odkazuje na oblast, kter\u00e1 je dnes sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed It\u00e1lie, Luk\u00e1nii, a z\u0159ejm\u011b souvis\u00ed s \u0159eck\u00fdm slovem Leukos, kter\u00e9 znamen\u00e1 \u201eb\u00edl\u00fd\u201c nebo \u201esv\u011btl\u00fd\u201c. Na v\u00edru v Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e Krista se obr\u00e1til kolem roku 40 a je zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee P\u00e1na osobn\u011b neznal, ale znal sv. Pavla, jeho\u017e byl \u017e\u00e1kem. Luk\u00e1\u0161 byl vzd\u011blan\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk – na rozd\u00edl od v\u011bt\u0161iny apo\u0161tol\u016f. Luk\u00e1\u0161 ve sv\u00e9m evangeliu vyzdvihuje ty, kdo trp\u00ed na t\u011ble nebo na du\u0161i, zejm\u00e9na chud\u00e9 a kaj\u00edc\u00ed h\u0159\u00ed\u0161n\u00edky. Neust\u00e1le tak\u00e9 p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 pot\u0159ebu modlitby. Je jedin\u00fdm autorem Nov\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona, kter\u00fd nebyl \u017eidovsk\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu a jeho\u017e spisy mohly p\u0159in\u00e9st radostnou zv\u011bst pohansk\u00fdm n\u00e1rod\u016fm.<\/p>\n

Luk\u00e1\u0161 toti\u017e pou\u017e\u00edval koin\u00e9 \u0159e\u010dtinu, tedy vedle latiny nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed variantu \u0159eck\u00e9ho jazyka starov\u011bku. Detaily jeho \u017eivota po smrti Petra a Pavla nejsou zn\u00e1m\u00e9. Diskutuje se o tom, zda zem\u0159el jako mu\u010dedn\u00edk, nebo zda zem\u0159el na st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed. Existuje tradice podle n\u00ed\u017e byl Luk\u00e1\u0161 umu\u010den spolu s apo\u0161tolem Ond\u0159ejem v zemi Patras v \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9 provincii Achaia. Podle t\u00e9\u017ee tradice Luk\u00e1\u0161 zem\u0159el ob\u011b\u0161en\u00edm na strom\u011b.<\/p>\n

Luk\u00e1\u0161 b\u00fdv\u00e1 zobrazov\u00e1n s knihou v ruce vedle b\u00fdka nebo vola. Svat\u00fd Luk\u00e1\u0161 je patronem l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f, chirurg\u016f, \u0159ezn\u00edk\u016f, kniha\u0159\u016f, socha\u0159\u016f, not\u00e1\u0159\u016f a um\u011blc\u016f.<\/p>\n

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Zdroj:<\/strong> SCHAUBER, Vera; SCHINDLER, Hanns Michael. Rok se svat\u00fdmi. 2. vyd. Kosteln\u00ed Vyd\u0159\u00ed: Karmelit\u00e1nsk\u00e9 nakladatelstv\u00ed, 1997. TICH\u00dd, Ladislav: Luk\u00e1\u0161: historik a evangelista. In: Studia Theologica 17 (2015)<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv utora<\/strong><\/p>\n

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