{"id":356898,"date":"2025-09-18T12:49:47","date_gmt":"2025-09-18T11:49:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=356898"},"modified":"2025-09-18T12:58:55","modified_gmt":"2025-09-18T11:58:55","slug":"ceska-republika-vedci-zmapovali-kde-je-nejvice-houbovych-partneru-pro-rostliny","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=356898","title":{"rendered":"\u010cESK\u00c1 REPUBLIKA: Studie. V\u011bdci zmapovali, kde je nejv\u00edce houbov\u00fdch partner\u016f pro ko\u0159eny strom\u016f a rostlin"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Ilustra\u010dn\u00ed foto: pixabay<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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Mykorhizn\u00ed houby \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed v p\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9m vztahu s ko\u0159eny rostlin vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed podzemn\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b, kter\u00e9 zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed kolob\u011bh kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch \u017eivin, ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed rostlinnou rozmanitost a pom\u00e1haj\u00ed regulovat glob\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1soby uhl\u00edku. D\u00edky datab\u00e1zi GlobalFungi, vytvo\u0159en\u00e9 v Mikrobiologick\u00e9m \u00fastavu AV \u010cR, odborn\u00edci zmapovali celkovou diverzitu t\u011bchto nepostradateln\u00fdch spolupracovn\u00edk\u016f (symbiont\u016f) ko\u0159en\u016f rostlin. V\u00fdsledky mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho t\u00fdmu prok\u00e1zaly, \u017ee oblasti, ve kter\u00fdch se vyskytuje nejv\u00edce r\u016fzn\u00fdch druh\u016f, nejsou chr\u00e1n\u011bny, a jsou tedy velmi zraniteln\u00e9 v\u016f\u010di lidsk\u00e9mu vlivu. Studii publikoval \u010dasopis Nature.<\/h6>\n

\"\"P\u0159esto\u017ee jsou mykorhizn\u00ed houby nezbytn\u00e9 pro \u017eivot na Zemi, dosud se v\u011bd\u011blo jen velmi m\u00e1lo o tom, kde a jak je biodiverzita t\u011bchto organism\u016f rozlo\u017eena nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d suchozemsk\u00fdmi ekosyst\u00e9my planety. V d\u016fsledku toho nebyla biodiverzita p\u016fdn\u00edch hub dosud zohledn\u011bna v sou\u010dasn\u00fdch strategi\u00edch ochrany \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Ekosyst\u00e9my udr\u017euje spolupr\u00e1ce ko\u0159en\u016f rostlin a hub<\/h6>\n

V\u00fdzkumn\u00fd t\u00fdm vyu\u017eil k odhadu biodiverzity mykorhizn\u00edch hub datab\u00e1ze hub, kter\u00e1 obsahuje v\u00edce ne\u017e 2,8 miliardy sekvenc\u00ed hub z 25 000 lokalit po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/p>\n

\u201eSpole\u010dn\u011b s kolegy jsme identifikovali kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 oblasti s mimo\u0159\u00e1dnou rozmanitost\u00ed mykorhizn\u00edch hub, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00fd i spole\u010densk\u00fd v\u00fdznam,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Petr Baldrian z Mikrobiologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu AV \u010cR (MB\u00da AV \u010cR), jeden z \u010desk\u00fdch \u010dlen\u016f v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho konsorcia.<\/p>\n

Mykorhizn\u00ed houby dod\u00e1vaj\u00ed strom\u016fm a rostlin\u00e1m miner\u00e1ln\u00ed \u017eiviny, kter\u00e9 by pro n\u011b jinak byly nedostupn\u00e9, a t\u00edm zvy\u0161uj\u00ed nejen produktivitu lesn\u00edch a travinn\u00fdch ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f, ale tak\u00e9 zem\u011bd\u011blskou v\u00fdnosnost. Bez nich by na n\u011bkter\u00fdch m\u00edstech nebyla existence sou\u010dasn\u00fdch biom\u016f v\u016fbec mo\u017en\u00e1.<\/p>\n

\u201eDiverzita je ve skute\u010dnosti n\u011bco jako pojistka \u2013 \u010d\u00edm v\u00edce symbiotick\u00fdch houbov\u00fdch pomocn\u00edk\u016f v p\u016fd\u011b \u017eije, t\u00edm l\u00e9pe si rostliny mohou vybrat partnera, kter\u00fd jim zajist\u00ed nejlep\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsun \u017eivin pro r\u016fst,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Petr Baldrian. \u201eNav\u00edc biodiverzita zvy\u0161uje pravd\u011bpodobnost, \u017ee se ekosyst\u00e9m po naru\u0161en\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad po\u017e\u00e1rem, dlouhodob\u00fdm suchem nebo \u00fahynem strom\u016f zp\u016fsoben\u00fdm k\u016frovcem, op\u011bt vr\u00e1t\u00ed k efektivn\u00edmu fungov\u00e1n\u00ed.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je tak\u00e9 zm\u00ednit, \u017ee mykorhizn\u00ed houby pom\u00e1haj\u00ed ukl\u00e1dat uhl\u00edk do p\u016fdy, \u010d\u00edm\u017e p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed k vyrovn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed rostouc\u00edch koncentrac\u00ed oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e. Konkr\u00e9tn\u011b rostliny p\u0159edaj\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fd rok mykorhizn\u00edm houb\u00e1m 3,6 miliardy tun uhl\u00edku, co\u017e vede k tomu, \u017ee 75 % ve\u0161ker\u00e9ho suchozemsk\u00e9ho uhl\u00edku je ulo\u017eeno pod zem\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Pro ochranu biodiverzity prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdch mikrob\u016f se zat\u00edm d\u011bl\u00e1 jen velmi m\u00e1lo<\/h6>\n

Porovn\u00e1n\u00ed chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch \u00fazem\u00ed s oblastmi nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed biodiverzity mykorhiz ukazuje, \u017ee m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e 10 % p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dan\u00fdch lokalit s vysokou druhovou bohatost\u00ed se v sou\u010dasnosti nach\u00e1z\u00ed v chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch oblastech. Mykorhizn\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b, kter\u00e9 propojuj\u00ed ko\u0159eny strom\u016f s p\u016fdou prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm houbov\u00fdch hyf, vl\u00e1knit\u00fdch struktur, je\u017e jsou z\u00e1kladn\u00edm stavebn\u00edm prvkem hub, vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed v\u00fdznamnou, by\u0165 skrytou slo\u017eku podzemn\u00edch ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f Zem\u011b. P\u0159es \u201eneviditelnost\u201c by si zaslou\u017eily b\u00fdt jednou z hlavn\u00edch priorit ochrany p\u0159\u00edrody, kterou je t\u0159eba zohlednit p\u0159i vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch pl\u00e1n\u016f obnovy a strategi\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de o krajinu.<\/p>\n

Nov\u00e9 poznatky o roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed mykorhiz by nebylo mo\u017en\u00e9 z\u00edskat bez existence datab\u00e1ze GlobalFungi \u2013 nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edho glob\u00e1ln\u00edho katalogu mikroorganism\u016f v p\u016fd\u011b, kter\u00fd spravuje t\u00fdm mikrobi\u00e1ln\u00edch ekolog\u016f z MB\u00da AV \u010cR. Ve\u0159ejn\u011b p\u0159\u00edstupn\u00e1 datab\u00e1ze, provozovan\u00e1 v\u00fdzkumnou infrastrukturou ELIXIR-CZ, je p\u0159\u00ednosem jak pro ekologick\u00fd v\u00fdzkum, tak pro praktick\u00e9 hospoda\u0159en\u00ed v ekosyst\u00e9mech.<\/p>\n

(tz-av\u010dr)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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