{"id":356635,"date":"2025-09-15T11:13:46","date_gmt":"2025-09-15T10:13:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=356635"},"modified":"2025-09-15T11:13:46","modified_gmt":"2025-09-15T10:13:46","slug":"aktuality-cechum-chybi-mineralni-latky-detem-ovoce-a-zelenina-zdravi-zhorsuje-i-nadmerny-hluk-co-dalsiho-ukazal-monitoring","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=356635","title":{"rendered":"AKTUALITY: \u010cech\u016fm chyb\u00ed miner\u00e1ln\u00ed l\u00e1tky, d\u011btem ovoce a zelenina, zdrav\u00ed zhor\u0161uje i nadm\u011brn\u00fd hluk. Co dal\u0161\u00edho uk\u00e1zal monitoring?"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Hodnocen\u00ed zdravotn\u00edch rizik vypl\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch pro \u010deskou populaci z \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed. To je \u00fakolem syst\u00e9mu monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed, pro kter\u00fd St\u00e1tn\u00ed zdravotn\u00ed \u00fastav sb\u00edr\u00e1 a zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1 data u\u017e od roku 1994.\u00a0Pravideln\u00e9 v\u00fdro\u010dn\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy\u00a0pak pr\u016fb\u011b\u017en\u011b p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed mnoh\u00e9 zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 informace.\u00a0Zpr\u00e1va za rok 2024\u00a0nab\u00edz\u00ed informace z program\u016f, kter\u00e9 se zab\u00fdvaj\u00ed zdravotn\u00edmi d\u016fsledky zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed, vody, \u010di hluku, ale i t\u00edm jak\u00e9 l\u00e1tky z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1me ze stravy, \u010di jak\u00e9 chemick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky se dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed do na\u0161eho t\u011bla. Nechyb\u00ed ani studie o \u017eivotn\u00edm stylu d\u011bt\u00ed a zdravotn\u00edch rizic\u00edch plynouc\u00edch pro na\u0161e zdrav\u00ed z pracovn\u00edch podm\u00ednek.<\/h6>\n

\u201eD\u00edky dlouhodob\u00e9mu sledov\u00e1n\u00ed a porovn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed dat z mnoha oblast\u00ed jsou v\u00fdstupy monitoringu cenn\u00fdm zdrojem informac\u00ed o tom, jak prost\u0159ed\u00ed, ve kter\u00e9m \u017eijeme, ale i na\u0161e vlastn\u00ed n\u00e1vyky, ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed na\u0161e zdrav\u00ed. Z\u00edskan\u00e9 informace pom\u00e1haj\u00ed nastavovat prevenci i rozpozn\u00e1vat rizika pro n\u00e1\u0161 organismus,\u201c<\/em> vysv\u011btluje v\u00fdznam takov\u00e9 formy monitoringu hlavn\u00ed hygieni\u010dka a \u0159editelka St\u00e1tn\u00edho zdravotn\u00edho \u00fastavu Barbora Mackov\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d generacemi m\u00e1 \u010desk\u00e1 populace star\u0161\u00ed 4 let probl\u00e9m s nedostate\u010dn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edjmem n\u011bkter\u00fdch d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch miner\u00e1ln\u00edch l\u00e1tek. Prakticky v\u0161em od d\u011bt\u00ed po seniory chyb\u00ed v\u00e1pn\u00edk. Naopak m\u00e1me nadm\u011brn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edvod sod\u00edku. \u201eN\u00edzk\u00fd p\u0159\u00edvod v\u00e1pn\u00edku jsme zaznamenali u v\u00edce ne\u017e 80 % lidi star\u0161\u00edch 60 let. Nedostate\u010dn\u00fd je ale tak\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edvod ho\u0159\u010d\u00edku, a to zejm\u00e9na u \u017een a senior\u016f, nejni\u017e\u0161\u00ed hodnoty byly ve skupin\u011b dosp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edch d\u00edvek ve v\u011bku 15\u201317 let. Ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edvod \u017eeleza, ne\u017e je doporu\u010deno, vid\u00edme u poloviny \u017een ve fertiln\u00edm v\u011bku a tak\u00e9 u poloviny d\u011bt\u00ed od 7 do 10 let. U sod\u00edku pozorujeme naopak nadm\u011brn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edvod, a to vzhledem ke zdravotn\u00edm rizik\u016fm, kter\u00e1 z n\u011bj plynou. P\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm u mu\u017e\u016f bylo 91 % ve v\u011bku 15\u201359 let nad hodnotou doporu\u010den\u00ed,\u201c<\/em> vysv\u011btluje Irena \u0158eh\u016f\u0159kov\u00e1 z Centra zdrav\u00ed, v\u00fd\u017eivy a potravin. Nadm\u011brn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edjem sod\u00edku m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt p\u0159itom spojen s vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm rizikem vysok\u00e9ho krevn\u00edho tlaku, srde\u010dn\u00edch chorob, po\u0161kozen\u00ed ledvin, osteopor\u00f3zy i rakoviny \u017ealudku. Naopak chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00e1pn\u00edk m\u016f\u017ee negativn\u011b ovliv\u0148ovat zdrav\u00ed kost\u00ed, zub\u016f, sval\u016f a nervov\u00e9 soustavy.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdzkum tak\u00e9 ukazuje, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina d\u011bt\u00ed nedodr\u017euje doporu\u010denou konzumaci ovoce a zeleniny \u2013 pouze 4 % j\u00ed denn\u011b p\u011bt porc\u00ed. Rodi\u010de i d\u011bti maj\u00ed n\u00edzk\u00e9 pov\u011bdom\u00ed o v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00fdch doporu\u010den\u00edch. V\u011bt\u0161ina si mysl\u00ed, \u017ee 2\u20133 porce ovoce a zeleniny denn\u011b posta\u010duj\u00ed. \u201eV\u00fdznamn\u00fd vliv maj\u00ed rodi\u010dovsk\u00e9 n\u00e1vyky \u2013 d\u011bti rodi\u010d\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed dbaj\u00ed na zdravou stravu, maj\u00ed ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed riziko nadv\u00e1hy. Z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli hraje vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed a finan\u010dn\u00ed situace rodi\u010d\u016f \u2013 d\u011bti z l\u00e9pe situovan\u00fdch rodin maj\u00ed zdrav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed stravu a ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdskyt obezity. V\u00fdsledky podtrhuj\u00ed pot\u0159ebu rozs\u00e1hlej\u0161\u00ed prevence a v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed informovanosti o zdrav\u00e9m \u017eivotn\u00edm stylu. Velk\u00fd pod\u00edl d\u011bt\u00ed preferuje nezdrav\u00e9 potraviny, zejm\u00e9na slazen\u00e9 n\u00e1poje a ochucen\u00e9 ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky, co\u017e zvy\u0161uje riziko nadv\u00e1hy a obezity. Pravideln\u00e1 konzumace ovoce a zeleniny riziko sni\u017euje, stejn\u011b jako zdrav\u00e9 n\u00e1vyky v rodin\u011b,\u201c<\/em> shrnuje hlavn\u00ed poznatky Studie Zdrav\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed 2024 Krist\u00fdna \u017dejglicov\u00e1, vedouc\u00ed odd\u011blen\u00ed Syst\u00e9mu monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed Centra Zdrav\u00ed a \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Zdrav\u00ed \u010cech\u016f ale neovliv\u0148uj\u00ed jen stravovac\u00ed n\u00e1vyky. V\u00fdznamn\u00fdm faktorem jsou nap\u0159\u00edklad i hluk, zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed \u010di voda, kterou pijeme.<\/p>\n

\u201eU obyvatel s expozic\u00ed hluku zji\u0161t\u011bnou v r\u00e1mci Strategick\u00e9ho hlukov\u00e9ho mapov\u00e1n\u00ed odhadujeme zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed po\u010dtu nov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f ischemick\u00e9 choroby srde\u010dn\u00ed v d\u016fsledku hluku ze silni\u010dn\u00ed dopravy o 4,7 % nad obvykl\u00fd po\u010det p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f z jin\u00fdch p\u0159\u00ed\u010din. Toto zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed p\u0159edstavuje ro\u010dn\u011b zhruba 920 nov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f tohoto onemocn\u011bn\u00ed v d\u016fsledku expozice hluku,\u201c<\/em> uv\u00e1d\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed \u010d\u00edsla Zde\u0148ka Vandasov\u00e1 z \u00dast\u0159ed\u00ed monitoringu zdravotn\u00edho stavu obyvatelstva.<\/p>\n

Co se t\u00fdk\u00e1 pitn\u00e9 vody, z hlediska dosud zn\u00e1m\u00fdch zdravotn\u00edch rizik jsou nejproblemati\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi kontaminanty vedlej\u0161\u00ed produkty dezinfekce, kter\u00e9 vznikaj\u00ed v d\u016fsledku dezinfekce vody, a tak\u00e9 dusi\u010dnany. Pit\u00edm pitn\u00e9 vody z ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch vodovod\u016f je pr\u016fm\u011brn\u011b \u010derp\u00e1no 8\u201310 % celkov\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed dusi\u010dnan\u016f, kter\u00e9 lze denn\u011b p\u0159ijmout bez n\u00e1sledk\u016f pro zdrav\u00ed. Nadm\u011brn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edjem dusi\u010dnan\u016f je nevhodn\u00fd, proto\u017ee se mohou v t\u011ble p\u0159em\u011bnit na dusitany a ty n\u00e1sledn\u011b za ur\u010dit\u00fdch podm\u00ednek na karcinogenn\u00ed nitrosaminy. Ty zvy\u0161uj\u00ed riziko rakoviny st\u0159ev a dal\u0161\u00edch n\u00e1dorov\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. K hlavn\u00edm zdroj\u016fm dusi\u010dnan\u016f pat\u0159\u00ed i pr\u016fmyslov\u011b zpracovan\u00e9 potraviny, zejm\u00e9na masn\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky a uzeniny.<\/p>\n

U kvality pitn\u00e9 vody se ale sleduje celkem 377 r\u016fzn\u00fdch ukazatel\u016f a l\u00e1tek. \u201e\u010cetnost nedodr\u017een\u00ed limitn\u00edch hodnot vzr\u016fst\u00e1 se zmen\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed se velikost\u00ed vodovodu. Limity zdravotn\u011b v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch ukazatel\u016f byly ve velk\u00fdch vodovodech z\u00e1sobuj\u00edc\u00edch v\u00edce ne\u017e 5 tis\u00edc obyvatel p\u0159ekro\u010deny pouze v setin\u00e1ch procent, konkr\u00e9tn\u011b v 0,07 % stanoven\u00ed. Mezn\u00ed hodnoty ukazatel\u016f jakosti pak nebyly dodr\u017eeny v 0,3 % stanoven\u00ed. V men\u0161\u00edch vodovodech z\u00e1sobuj\u00edc\u00edch do 5 tis\u00edc obyvatel p\u0159ekro\u010dilo limity 0,3 % stanoven\u00ed a mezn\u00ed hodnoty 1,5 % stanoven\u00ed,\u201c<\/em> uv\u00e1d\u00ed vedouc\u00ed N\u00e1rodn\u00edho referen\u010dn\u00edho centra pro pitnou vodu Franti\u0161ek Ko\u017e\u00ed\u0161ek.<\/p>\n

Z hlediska vlivu na zdrav\u00ed maj\u00ed v ovzdu\u0161\u00ed nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdznam aerosolov\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stice, oxid dusi\u010dit\u00fd a polycyklick\u00e9 aromatick\u00e9 uhlovod\u00edky, zvy\u0161uje se v\u00fdznam p\u0159\u00edzemn\u00edho oz\u00f3nu.<\/p>\n

\u201cV m\u011bstsk\u00fdch, dopravou a pr\u016fmyslem nezat\u00ed\u017een\u00fdch oblastech, se v roce 2024 expozice aerosolu pod\u00edlela odhadem na 6 % nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed po\u010dtu zem\u0159el\u00fdch. M\u00edra rizika onemocn\u011bn\u00ed rakovinou v d\u016fsledku dlouhodob\u00e9 expozice zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9mu ovzdu\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edstavuje mezi 2 p\u0159\u00edpady na 100 tis\u00edc a\u017e 2 p\u0159\u00edpady na 10 tis\u00edc obyvatel,\u201d<\/em> p\u0159ibli\u017euje hlavn\u00ed \u0159e\u0161itelka Helena Kazmarov\u00e1 z Odd\u011blen\u00ed hygieny ovzdu\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Kompletn\u00ed zpr\u00e1va ale p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed mnoh\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed poznatky. D\u00e1v\u00e1 nahl\u00e9dnout do m\u00edry ohro\u017een\u00ed zdrav\u00ed v d\u016fsledku zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed, u d\u011bt\u00ed se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 i expozicemi kadmiu a rtuti, shrnuje i zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed pro zdravotn\u00ed rizika plynouc\u00ed z pracovn\u00edch podm\u00ednek. Cel\u00fd materi\u00e1l je\u00a0k prostudov\u00e1n\u00ed zde<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n

(tz-sz\u00fa)<\/strong><\/p>\n

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