{"id":355664,"date":"2026-09-20T13:51:16","date_gmt":"2026-09-20T12:51:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=355664"},"modified":"2026-09-20T13:51:16","modified_gmt":"2026-09-20T12:51:16","slug":"stara-sumava-a-posumavi-vzpominky-na-skolni-jidelnu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=355664","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA A PO\u0160UMAV\u00cd: Vzpom\u00ednky na \u0161koln\u00ed j\u00eddelnu"},"content":{"rendered":"

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V z\u00e1plav\u011b p\u0159\u00edsn\u00fdch po\u017eadavk\u016f na provoz \u0161koln\u00edch j\u00eddelen p\u016fsob\u00ed jako balz\u00e1m na du\u0161i t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 idylick\u00e9 vzpom\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed pam\u011btn\u00edk\u016f na po\u010d\u00e1tky \u0161koln\u00edho stravov\u00e1n\u00ed. P\u0159edpisy tehdy nebyly tak p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9, ale o to v\u00edce tehdy \u017ealudkem str\u00e1vn\u00edk\u016f proch\u00e1zela l\u00e1ska kucha\u0159ek. Vzpom\u00ednejte s n\u00e1mi. P\u011bkn\u011b o t\u011bchto dob\u00e1ch vypr\u00e1v\u00ed jedna star\u00e1 pan\u00ed, kter\u00e1 \u0161koln\u00ed doch\u00e1zku absolvovala v dob\u011b 2. sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky a t\u011bsn\u011b po n\u00ed.<\/h6>\n

\u201eDo \u0161koly jsem chodila do m\u011bste\u010dka asi \u010dty\u0159i kilometry daleko, p\u0159es pole. V l\u00e9t\u011b to byla p\u011bkn\u00e1 cesta, v zim\u011b v\u0161ak jsme do \u0161koly chodili zmrzl\u00ed jako rampouchy. U n\u00e1s doma jsme m\u011bli j\u00eddla dostatek, ale mnoz\u00ed m\u00ed spolu\u017e\u00e1ci m\u011bli ve \u0161kole p\u0159inejlep\u0161\u00edm jeden such\u00fd kraj\u00edc chleba a po vyu\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed je je\u0161t\u011b \u010dekala cesta zp\u00e1tky, do okoln\u00edch vesnic a samot. A tak se ve \u0161kole rozhodlo, \u017ee se \u017e\u00e1k\u016fm bude p\u0159ipravovat pol\u00e9vka, aby se p\u0159ed cestou dom\u016f aspo\u0148 trochu posilnili. Ale z \u010deho? N\u00e1\u0161 tat\u00ednek vzal kon\u011b a v\u016fz a za\u010dal obj\u00ed\u017ed\u011bt lidi ve vesnici. Tam dali pytel brambor, tam pytel fazol\u00ed. N\u011bkdo daroval zeleninu, jin\u00fd hrnec s\u00e1dla, co kdo m\u011bl, to dal. Tat\u00ednek v\u0161echno dovezl do \u0161koly a spolu s \u0159editelem to ulo\u017eili ve \u0161koln\u00edm sklep\u011b.<\/em><\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00edpravu pol\u00e9vky dostala na starost pan\u00ed u\u010ditelka, kter\u00e1 ve \u0161kole u\u010dila dom\u00e1c\u00ed pr\u00e1ce. Vzala houf d\u00edvek z vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch ro\u010dn\u00edk\u016f a spole\u010dn\u011b za\u010daly va\u0159it. Roztopily kamna, p\u0159ipravily potraviny a ve velk\u00e9m hrnci va\u0159ily z toho, co rodi\u010de darovali. Kdy\u017e bylo v\u0161e hotovo, p\u0159enesly hrnec hork\u00e9 pol\u00e9vky na chodbu a tam d\u011btem nab\u00edraly do misek\u2026<\/em>
\nKdy\u017e jsem byla star\u0161\u00ed, va\u0159ila jsem i j\u00e1. Co legrace jsme si p\u0159itom u\u017eili! Ale ne v\u017edy se v\u0161e povedlo. Ob\u010das jsme v hrnci va\u0159ily i to, co jsme nem\u011bli. Jednou to byla t\u0159eba ut\u011brka\u2026\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

Vzpom\u00ednky na \u0161koln\u00ed j\u00eddelnu v\u00e1s bu\u010f rozesm\u011bj\u00ed, nebo znechut\u00ed. \u0160koln\u00ed j\u00eddelny byly ned\u00edlnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed na\u0161eho d\u011btstv\u00ed, ale vzpom\u00ednky na n\u011bkter\u00e1 j\u00eddla z nich nejsou v\u017edy p\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9. Pro mnoh\u00e9 z n\u00e1s byly ob\u011bdy ve \u0161koln\u00ed j\u00eddeln\u011b no\u010dn\u00ed m\u016frou, kterou jsme rad\u011bji rychle zapomn\u011bli. Ka\u017ed\u00fd z n\u00e1s si pamatuje \u0161koln\u00ed l\u00e9ta jako obdob\u00ed pln\u00e9 dobrodru\u017estv\u00ed, nov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00e1telstv\u00ed a neust\u00e1l\u00e9ho u\u010den\u00ed. Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed t\u011bchto vzpom\u00ednek jsou i \u0161koln\u00ed j\u00eddelny, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1s ka\u017edodenn\u011b z\u00e1sobovaly j\u00eddlem. V z\u00e1plav\u011b p\u0159\u00edsn\u00fdch po\u017eadavk\u016f na provoz \u0161koln\u00edch j\u00eddelen p\u016fsob\u00ed jako balz\u00e1m na du\u0161i t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 idylick\u00e9 vzpom\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed pam\u011btn\u00edk\u016f na po\u010d\u00e1tky \u0161koln\u00edho stravov\u00e1n\u00ed. P\u0159edpisy tehdy nebyly tak p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9, ale o to v\u00edce tehdy \u017ealudkem str\u00e1vn\u00edk\u016f proch\u00e1zela l\u00e1ska kucha\u0159ek. \u017de s kru\u010d\u00edc\u00edm \u017ealudkem se \u0161patn\u011b u\u010d\u00ed, poznal asi ka\u017ed\u00fd. P\u0159ed 200 lety proto za\u010dal vznikat prvn\u00ed syst\u00e9m stravov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u00edtek \u0161kolou povinn\u00fdch. Hustou pol\u00e9vku dostala zdarma, nebo za \u0161est hal\u00e9\u0159\u016f.<\/p>\n

Se zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00edm povinn\u00e9 \u0161koln\u00ed doch\u00e1zky, kterou prosadila c\u00edsa\u0159ovna Marie Terezie, vyvstal probl\u00e9m, jak \u010dasto chud\u00e9 d\u011bti ve \u0161kol\u00e1ch nasytit nejen v\u011bdomostmi, ale tak\u00e9 j\u00eddlem. V \u010desk\u00fdch zem\u00edch proto u\u017e p\u0159ed 200 lety za\u010daly vznikat takzvan\u00e9 \u201epol\u00e9vkov\u00e9 \u00fastavy\u201c, kter\u00e9 m\u011bly jedin\u00fd c\u00edl \u2013 nakrmit hladov\u00e9 \u017eactvo. \u0158\u00edkalo se jim tak\u00e9 \u201epol\u00e9vkov\u00e1 kuchyn\u011b\u201c a velkou slu\u017ebu odv\u00e1d\u011bly zejm\u00e9na v dob\u00e1ch ne\u00farody \u010di v\u00e1lky. \u201eMnoh\u00e9 d\u011bti, zejm\u00e9na z po\u010detn\u00fdch rodin, p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed do \u0161koly bez sn\u00eddan\u011b, bled\u00e9 a zesl\u00e1bl\u00e9. Vypravuj\u00ed, \u017ee a\u017e ve\u010der jim uva\u0159\u00ed maminka trochu pol\u00e9vky,\u201c napsal koncem b\u0159ezna 1915 P\u0159erovsk\u00fd zpravodaj o \u0161kole v Byst\u0159ici pod Host\u00fdnem.<\/p>\n

Proto m\u00edstn\u00ed bohat\u0161\u00ed d\u00e1my zalo\u017eily pol\u00e9vkov\u00fd \u00fastav, kde se denn\u011b uva\u0159ilo 150 hust\u00fdch pol\u00e9vek. Stovka d\u011bt\u00ed je dostala zdarma, zbytek platil po \u0161esti hal\u00e9\u0159\u00edch. Pro srovn\u00e1n\u00ed, knedlo vep\u0159o st\u00e1lo tehdy kolem 60 hal\u00e9\u0159\u016f.
\nHustou pol\u00e9vku va\u0159ili dobrovoln\u00edci, kte\u0159\u00ed z\u00edsk\u00e1vali finance pomoc\u00ed dar\u016f od oby\u010dejn\u00fdch lid\u00ed, \u0161lechty, tov\u00e1rn\u00edk\u016f \u010di bohat\u00fdch m\u011b\u0161\u0165an\u016f. \u201eV T\u00fdnici d\u00e1vali lid\u00e9 krom\u011b pen\u011b\u017en\u00edch dar\u016f i natur\u00e1lie. Pan Korbel poslal hov\u011bz\u00ed hlavu, Vor\u00e1\u010dek z Bukovan dva pytle brambor, Berka z Brodc\u016f dva bochn\u00edky chleba,\u201c popisuje krmen\u00ed \u017eactva v roce 1908 kronika m\u011bsta Bene\u0161ova. V\u00e1lka dostupnost potravin zkomplikovala. \u201eK j\u00eddlu do \u0161koly jsem dost\u00e1vala chleba. Kdy\u017e bylo l\u00e9pe, tak pomazan\u00fd s\u00e1dlem nebo byla bramborov\u00e1 placka. V l\u00e9t\u011b jsme trhaly t\u0159e\u0161n\u011b, pak \u0161vestky a jablka, podle toho, co zr\u00e1lo.<\/p>\n

Pol\u00e9vkov\u00e9 \u00fastavy p\u0159ebral pozd\u011bji st\u00e1t, respektive monarchie, posl\u00e9ze nov\u00e1 \u010deskoslovensk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da, je\u017e nap\u0159\u00edklad b\u011bhem tuh\u00e9 zimy 1929\/1930 rozdala ve \u0161kol\u00e1ch t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u010dty\u0159i miliony porc\u00ed j\u00eddla. Nejv\u00edc chud\u00fdm d\u011btem, kter\u00e9 ozna\u010dil jejich u\u010ditel. A\u017e po 2. sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce za\u010daly r\u016fst prvn\u00ed \u0161koln\u00ed j\u00eddelny, jedla se v\u011bt\u0161inou hust\u00e1 pol\u00e9vka s chlebem. M\u00edsto person\u00e1lu va\u0159ily \u017e\u00e1kyn\u011b v r\u00e1mci p\u0159edm\u011btu Dom\u00e1c\u00ed pr\u00e1ce, krom\u011b toho se ze su\u0161en\u00fdch vajec p\u0159ipravovala vejce m\u00edchan\u00e1, pod\u00e1valo se kakao nebo slan\u00e9 i sladk\u00e9 su\u0161enky, to v\u0161e z pov\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 pomoci UNRRA. Vitaminy nahradil ryb\u00ed tuk. Prvn\u00ed modern\u00ed \u0161koln\u00ed j\u00eddelny, kter\u00e9 se u\u017e bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed t\u011bm dne\u0161n\u00edm, zakl\u00e1daly obce a spolky.<\/p>\n

Po\u010d\u00e1tkem 50. let jich byly stovky, a kdy\u017e se do organizov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161koln\u00edho stravov\u00e1n\u00ed vlo\u017eil st\u00e1t, v roce 1955 u\u017e fungovalo p\u0159es \u010dty\u0159i tis\u00edce \u0161koln\u00edch j\u00eddelen. V prvn\u00edch kuchyn\u00edch se j\u00eddla p\u0159ipravovala na klasick\u00fdch kamnech, co\u017e bylo jist\u011b \u010dasov\u011b, ale zejm\u00e9na pak fyzicky velmi n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9. Ob\u011bd tvo\u0159ila pouze pol\u00e9vka nebo hrnek ml\u00e9ka s chlebem. To a\u017e pozd\u011bji se za\u010dala va\u0159it slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed j\u00eddla, pokud v\u0161ak bylo z \u010deho. Va\u0159it v tehdej\u0161\u00edch pom\u011brech nebylo v\u016fbec jednoduch\u00e9. Na trhu chyb\u011blo kvalitn\u00ed maso, zelenina i ovoce. Sehnat kucha\u0159ku do \u0161koln\u00ed j\u00eddelny byl tak\u00e9 velk\u00fd probl\u00e9m a tak se nez\u0159\u00eddka stalo, \u017ee musely va\u0159it i man\u017eelky u\u010ditel\u016f.<\/p>\n

V roce 1951 platili rodi\u010de \u017e\u00e1k\u016f za jeden ob\u011bd 2,- a\u017e 3,20 K\u010ds. Na \u00fahradu n\u00e1klad\u016f p\u0159isp\u00edvaly m\u00edstn\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00ed v\u00fdbory, horn\u00edci ale i r\u016fzn\u00e9 m\u00edstn\u00ed organizace. Dokonce byly ve prosp\u011bch \u0161koln\u00edho stravov\u00e1n\u00ed po\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1ny i tane\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1bavy. Z takto vybran\u00fdch pen\u011bz se hradily (ne p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 vysok\u00e9) platy kucha\u0159ek. Pro d\u011bti soci\u00e1ln\u011b nejslab\u0161\u00ed bylo zaji\u0161t\u011bno stravov\u00e1n\u00ed bezplatn\u00e9. Ji\u017e v roce 1954 je zaznamen\u00e1no, \u017ee \u0161koln\u00ed stravov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u011blo zna\u010dn\u00fd vliv na zlep\u0161en\u00ed zdravotn\u00edho stavu \u017eactva ba i na zlep\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed a prosp\u011bchu. Tak\u00e9 se uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee v zimn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch se stravovalo v\u00edce \u017e\u00e1k\u016f. \u201eV letn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch se po\u010det str\u00e1vn\u00edk\u016f sni\u017euje, nebo\u0165 \u017e\u00e1ci p\u0159espoln\u00ed jezd\u00ed po vyu\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed na kolech dom\u016f. V j\u00eddeln\u011b se po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 se zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00edm po\u010dtu, pon\u011bvad\u017e kucha\u0159ky budou pod\u00e1vat p\u0159espoln\u00edm \u017e\u00e1k\u016fm t\u00e9\u017e jen pol\u00e9vku, aby tak zabr\u00e1nili chozen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1k\u016f na pol\u00e9vku do hostince.\u201c Tolik citace z dochovan\u00e9 kroniky.<\/p>\n

Mo\u017en\u00e1 odn\u011bkud z pam\u011bti vyt\u00e1hnete obr\u00e1zky va\u0159en\u00ed na star\u00fdch kamnech nebo rozd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed j\u00eddla po chodb\u00e1ch a t\u0159\u00edd\u00e1ch, proto\u017ee \u0161kola m\u011bla jen na za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed kuchyn\u011b a j\u00eddelna nebyla. Mo\u017en\u00e1 si vzpomenete na hromadn\u00fd p\u0159esun \u017eactva do vzd\u00e1len\u00e9 j\u00eddelny, kter\u00fd p\u0159ipom\u00ednal sp\u00ed\u0161e b\u011b\u017eeck\u00e9 z\u00e1vody, a dokonce se vedly tabulky, kdo kolikr\u00e1t vyhr\u00e1l.<\/p>\n

Smutn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1\u017eitky jsou z dob, kde se potraviny na ob\u011bd sh\u00e1n\u011bly jen t\u011b\u017eko, kdy pomeran\u010de mohla dostat jen jedna j\u00eddelna v m\u011bst\u011b a ty druh\u00e9 musely po\u010dkat. Jak j\u00ed z\u00e1vid\u011bly\u2026<\/p>\n

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Zdroj:<\/strong> V\u00fd\u017eiva a hygiena ve stravovac\u00edch slu\u017eb\u00e1ch \/ Eva Mar\u00e1dov\u00e1 Prvn\u00ed kroky ke \u0161koln\u00edmu stravov\u00e1n\u00ed \u2013 p\u0159esn\u00edd\u00e1vky pro \u0161koln\u00ed d\u011bti kr\u00e1tce po druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce, po\u0159izovan\u00e9 ze z\u00e1sob UNNRA Ing. Pavel Ludv\u00edk<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: MIroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

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