{"id":354454,"date":"2025-08-21T13:34:59","date_gmt":"2025-08-21T12:34:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=354454"},"modified":"2025-08-21T13:39:28","modified_gmt":"2025-08-21T12:39:28","slug":"ceska-republika-nove-objevena-houba-muze-pomoci-v-boji-s-tropickymi-nemocemi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=354454","title":{"rendered":"\u010cESK\u00c1 REPUBLIKA: Nov\u011b objeven\u00e1 mikroskopick\u00e1 houba m\u016f\u017ee pomoci v boji s tropick\u00fdmi nemocemi"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

Ne\u010dekan\u00fd objev hl\u00e1s\u00ed v\u011bdci z Mikrobiologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu AV \u010cR. V druhu mikroskopick\u00e9 houby, kter\u00e1 b\u011b\u017en\u011b \u017eije na rostlin\u00e1ch po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b, identifikovali zcela nov\u00e9 l\u00e1tky s mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fdm potenci\u00e1lem. Tyto slou\u010deniny, pojmenovan\u00e9 gunaciny, prok\u00e1zaly v laboratorn\u00edch testech siln\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky proti parazit\u016fm zp\u016fsobuj\u00edc\u00edm nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 tropick\u00e9 nemoci. Chemicky jsou podobn\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010div\u00fdm l\u00e1tk\u00e1m z legend\u00e1rn\u00edho \u201e\u010daje Ink\u016f\u201c, stromu lapacho.<\/h6>\n

\"\"Houby rodu pl\u00ed\u0161ka, odborn\u011b Exobasidium, parazituj\u00ed na rostlin\u00e1ch. V\u011bdci se zam\u011b\u0159ili na toxiny produkovan\u00e9 jedn\u00edm z dosud nepopsan\u00fdch druh\u016f, kter\u00fd objevili. P\u0159ekvapiv\u011b na\u0161li osm nezn\u00e1m\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch l\u00e1tek, kter\u00e9 sv\u00fdm slo\u017een\u00edm p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00ed slavn\u00e9 lapachony \u2013 slou\u010deniny obsa\u017een\u00e9 v k\u016f\u0159e jihoamerick\u00e9ho stromu lapacho. Odvary z n\u011bj po stalet\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 tradi\u010dn\u00ed medic\u00edna pro jeho protiz\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e9 a protin\u00e1dorov\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky.<\/p>\n

Dv\u011b z nov\u00fdch l\u00e1tek uk\u00e1zaly v testech obrovsk\u00fd potenci\u00e1l. Dok\u00e1zaly ni\u010dit parazity rod\u016f Leishmania a Trypanosoma, p\u016fvodce z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, jako je leishmani\u00f3za nebo spav\u00e1 nemoc, a to u\u017e ve velmi n\u00edzk\u00fdch koncentrac\u00edch.<\/p>\n

\u201e\u00da\u010dinnost n\u011bkter\u00fdch gunacin\u016f byla dokonce vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u amfotericinu B, co\u017e je jedno z l\u00e9\u010div, kter\u00e9 se v sou\u010dasnosti pro l\u00e9\u010dbu t\u011bchto chorob pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1,\u201c<\/em> vysv\u011btluje \u010dlenka t\u00fdmu Alena Z\u00edkov\u00e1 z Biologick\u00e9ho centra AV \u010cR.<\/p>\n

\u201eNalezen\u00e9 l\u00e1tky jsou nicm\u00e9n\u011b pom\u011brn\u011b toxick\u00e9, tak\u017ee pro p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd v\u00fdvoj l\u00e9\u010div je t\u0159eba hledat m\u00e9n\u011b toxick\u00e9 deriv\u00e1ty. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b tyto l\u00e1tky lze vyu\u017e\u00edt pro ni\u010den\u00ed parazit\u016f p\u0159\u00edmo v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b,\u201c<\/em> popisuje \u010dlen t\u00fdmu, bun\u011b\u010dn\u00fd biolog Jan \u010cern\u00fd z P\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdeck\u00e9 fakulty UK.<\/p>\n

Houby jako nov\u00fd zdroj l\u00e9\u010div<\/h6>\n

Rod hub Exobasidium je zn\u00e1m\u00fd sp\u00ed\u0161e jako patogen rostlin, kter\u00fd zp\u016fsobuje ekonomick\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u011bstitel\u016fm \u010daje nebo bor\u016fvek. Studovan\u00fd nov\u00fd druh byl dosud p\u0159ehl\u00ed\u017een, ale b\u011b\u017en\u011b roste na listech \u0159ady rostlin po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b, v\u010detn\u011b \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky.<\/p>\n

\u201eJe pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee objeven\u00e9 l\u00e1tky houb\u011b v jej\u00edm p\u0159irozen\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed neslou\u017e\u00ed k napad\u00e1n\u00ed rostlin, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e jako chemick\u00e1 zbra\u0148 v konkuren\u010dn\u00edm boji s jin\u00fdmi mikroorganismy. To potvrzuj\u00ed i dal\u0161\u00ed zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 vlastnosti gunacin\u016f. N\u011bkter\u00e9 z nich toti\u017e vykazovaly tak\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky proti bakteri\u00edm a kvasink\u00e1m,\u201c<\/em> popisuje vedouc\u00ed t\u00fdmu Miroslav Kola\u0159\u00edk z Mikrobiologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu AV \u010cR (MB\u00da AV \u010cR). \u201eP\u0159\u00edroda je zkr\u00e1tka pln\u00e1 p\u0159ekvapen\u00ed. Ukazuje se, \u017ee i organismy, kter\u00e9 b\u011b\u017en\u011b vn\u00edm\u00e1me jako \u0161k\u016fdce, mohou skr\u00fdvat chemick\u00fd arzen\u00e1l s obrovsk\u00fdm farmakologick\u00fdm potenci\u00e1lem,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Miroslav Kola\u0159\u00edk.<\/p>\n

Jak na popis nov\u00fdch biologick\u00fdch l\u00e1tek<\/h6>\n

Houby sice produkuj\u00ed \u0159adu nezn\u00e1m\u00fdch chemick\u00fdch l\u00e1tek, ale jejich popis nen\u00ed snadn\u00fd a vy\u017eaduje odborn\u00e1 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u201e\u010casto \u010del\u00edme probl\u00e9m\u016fm s nestabilitou a malou produkc\u00ed nov\u00e9 l\u00e1tky. K p\u0159esn\u00e9mu ur\u010den\u00ed struktury je t\u0159eba \u0159ada expert\u00edz, a tedy \u0161irok\u00fd t\u00fdm. N\u00e1mi studovan\u00e1 houba je v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e1 neb\u00fdvale velkou kvantitou produkce,\u201c<\/em> popisuje chemi\u010dka Eva Stod\u016flkov\u00e1 z MB\u00da AV \u010cR.<\/p>\n

Pr\u00e1ce mohla vzniknout d\u00edky velmi komplexn\u00edmu t\u00fdmu, kter\u00fd zahrnuje mikrobiology, chemiky, parazitology a bun\u011b\u010dn\u00e9 biology z MB\u00da AV \u010cR, Biologick\u00e9ho centra AV \u010cR, P\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdeck\u00e9 fakulty UK, Helmholtzova \u00fastavu infek\u010dn\u00edch nemoc\u00ed v N\u011bmecku a Univerzity v Egertonu v Keni. V\u011bdci z MB\u00da AV \u010cR se d\u00e1le zab\u00fdvaj\u00ed studiem nov\u00fdch hub, u kter\u00fdch lze p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat v\u00fdskyt nov\u00fdch chemick\u00fdch l\u00e1tek vyu\u017eiteln\u00fdch v biotechnologii.<\/p>\n

Studie byla publikov\u00e1na<\/strong><\/a> v presti\u017en\u00edm mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm \u010dasopise Americk\u00e9 chemick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti ACS Omega.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Text a foto: (tz-av\u010dr)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ne\u010dekan\u00fd objev <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":354455,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[128,174],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/20\/nove-objevena-houba.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/354454"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=354454"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/354454\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":354510,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/354454\/revisions\/354510"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/354455"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=354454"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=354454"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=354454"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}