{"id":352435,"date":"2025-07-30T12:20:00","date_gmt":"2025-07-30T11:20:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=352435"},"modified":"2025-08-02T19:46:53","modified_gmt":"2025-08-02T18:46:53","slug":"aktuality-nova-studie-odhaluje-citlivost-starovekeho-germanskeho-hospodarstvi-na-vykyvy-klimatu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=352435","title":{"rendered":"AKTUALITY: Nov\u00e1 studie odhaluje citlivost starov\u011bk\u00e9ho germ\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed na v\u00fdkyvy klimatu"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Spole\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdzkum v\u011bdc\u016f z Archeologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu AV \u010cR, Brno, a CzechGlobe \u2013 \u00dastavu v\u00fdzkumu glob\u00e1ln\u00ed zm\u011bny AV \u010cR ukazuje, jak klimatick\u00e9 podm\u00ednky a tak\u00e9 vztahy s\u00a0\u0158\u00edmskou \u0159\u00ed\u0161\u00ed formovaly v\u00a0prvn\u00edch \u010dty\u0159ech stolet\u00edch na\u0161eho letopo\u010dtu v\u00fdvoj germ\u00e1nsk\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed, ob\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropu. \u010cl\u00e1nek, kter\u00fd byl pr\u00e1v\u011b publikov\u00e1n v presti\u017en\u00edm \u010dasopise PLOS ONE, kombinuje nov\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem data z\u00edskan\u00e1 archeologick\u00fdm v\u00fdzkumem s poznatky o\u00a0klimatu ve starov\u011bku.<\/h6>\n

Politika, spole\u010dnost, klima \u2013 vz\u00e1jemn\u011b prov\u00e1zan\u00e9 fenom\u00e9ny, kter\u00e9 p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed k\u00a0pozitivn\u00edm zm\u011bn\u00e1m, ale jsou i p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdch kriz\u00ed. Zejm\u00e9na ke konci 3. stolet\u00ed na\u0161eho letopo\u010dtu pr\u00e1v\u011b v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 ochlazen\u00ed a epizody sucha nutily germ\u00e1nsk\u00e9 kmeny p\u0159izp\u016fsobit se nov\u00e9 situaci.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 t\u00fdmy pod veden\u00edm archeologa Marka Vlacha a bioklimatologa Miroslava Trnky zkombinovaly robustn\u00ed archeologick\u00e1 data s vysoce detailn\u00edmi paleoklimatick\u00fdmi rekonstrukcemi.<\/p>\n

\u201ePomoc\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnostn\u00edho modelov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdvoje germ\u00e1nsk\u00fdch komunit jsme sledovali, jak se os\u00eddlen\u00ed m\u011bnilo podle dlouhodob\u00fdch zm\u011bn v kvalit\u011b klimatu, a tak\u00e9 v d\u016fsledku historick\u00fdch konflikt\u016f, jako byly markomansk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 hlavn\u00ed autor \u010dl\u00e1nku Marek Vlach.<\/p>\n

Ruku v\u00a0ruce s\u00a0v\u00fdvojem klimatu<\/h6>\n

Germ\u00e1nsk\u00e9 kmeny ob\u00fdvaly b\u011bhem prvn\u00edch \u010dty\u0159 stolet\u00ed na\u0161eho letopo\u010dtu rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 \u00fazem\u00ed Evropy v\u010detn\u011b dne\u0161n\u00ed Moravy, Rakouska a Slovenska. Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1r\u016fst os\u00eddlen\u00ed se obecn\u011b odehr\u00e1l v\u00a0dob\u011b p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fdch klimatick\u00fdch podm\u00ednek tzv. \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9ho klimatick\u00e9ho optima b\u011bhem 1. a 2. stolet\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Studie uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee prvn\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u00fd pokles germ\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho os\u00eddlen\u00ed je patrn\u00fd b\u011bhem druh\u00e9 poloviny
\n2. stolet\u00ed. V\u00a0t\u00e9 dob\u011b z\u00e1rove\u0148 panovaly p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 klimatick\u00e9 podm\u00ednky, a proto lze tento jev spojovat s\u00a0dopady rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9ho \u0159\u00edmsko-barbarsk\u00e9ho konfliktu \u2013 markomansk\u00fdmi v\u00e1lkami.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edho, 3. stolet\u00ed se os\u00eddlen\u00ed p\u0159ekr\u00fdv\u00e1 s\u00a0obecn\u011b p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fdmi klimatick\u00fdmi podm\u00ednkami a houstne. Pozd\u011bji p\u0159i\u0161el dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdkyv \u2013 hlavn\u00edm d\u016fvodem tentokr\u00e1t nebyly v\u00e1lky, ale v\u00fdrazn\u011b nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fd v\u00fdvoj klimatu od konce 3. stolet\u00ed. Pro v\u011bt\u0161inu germ\u00e1nsk\u00fdch s\u00eddli\u0161\u0165, kter\u00e1 v t\u00e9 dob\u011b zanikla, se podstatn\u011b zhor\u0161ily podm\u00ednky pro zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed. Na p\u0159elomu 4. a 5. stolet\u00ed u\u017e byla v\u011bt\u0161ina germ\u00e1nsk\u00fdch s\u00eddel opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00e1 a cel\u00e9 oblasti st\u0159edn\u00edho Podunaj\u00ed se vylidnily.<\/p>\n

\u201eSpolupr\u00e1ce archeologie a environment\u00e1ln\u00edch v\u011bd je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 pro pochopen\u00ed dlouhodob\u00fdch vztah\u016f mezi \u010dlov\u011bkem a p\u0159\u00edrodou,\u201c<\/em> uv\u00e1d\u00ed Miroslav Trnka. \u201eNa\u0161e pr\u00e1ce ukazuje, \u017ee i\u00a0p\u0159edindustri\u00e1ln\u00ed spole\u010dnosti reagovaly na klimatick\u00e9 v\u00fdzvy zp\u016fsobem, kter\u00fd lze dnes v\u011bdecky zkoumat. Sou\u010dasn\u011b nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee v\u00fdrazn\u00fd posun agroklimatick\u00fdch podm\u00ednek nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fdm sm\u011brem z\u00e1sadn\u011b ovliv\u0148oval prosperitu s\u00eddel.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

Tento v\u00fdzkum p\u0159edstavuje v\u00fdznamn\u00fd pokrok ve studiu klimatick\u00e9 odolnosti p\u0159edindustri\u00e1ln\u00edch populac\u00ed doby \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9 a p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed cenn\u00e9 poznatky i pro sou\u010dasn\u00e9 glob\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdzvy. \u010cl\u00e1nek bude ve\u0159ejn\u011b dostupn\u00fd v\u00a0re\u017eimu Open Access v \u010dasopise PLOS ONE.<\/p>\n

Odkaz na publikaci:<\/strong>
\nVlach M., Komor\u00f3czy B., Torbenson M. C. A., Esper J., Br\u00e1zdil R., B\u00fcntgen U., Semer\u00e1dov\u00e1 D., Urban O., Balek J., Kol\u00e1\u0159 J., Rybn\u00ed\u010dek M., Trnka M. (2025) Climate variability and Germanic settlement dynamics in the Middle Danube region during the Roman Period (1st\u20134th Century CE). PLoS One 20(7): e0325139.
\nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0325139<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

(tz-av\u010dr)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

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