![\"\"](\"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/31\/vzp-logo.png\"){kind=logo}
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Podle \u00fadaj\u016f VZP \u010cR bylo v roce 2024 po bodnut\u00ed hmyzem o\u0161et\u0159eno 20 475 pacient\u016f, co\u017e p\u0159edstavuje meziro\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1r\u016fst o t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 20 %. N\u00e1klady na jejich l\u00e9\u010dbu dos\u00e1hly 20 milion\u016f korun, oproti zhruba 15 milion\u016fm korun v\u00a0roce 2023. \u010casto \u0161lo o reakce po bodnut\u00ed v\u010delou, vosou \u010di sr\u0161n\u011bm, ale vysok\u00fd pod\u00edl maj\u00ed i m\u00e9n\u011b nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9, zato \u010detn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed reakce na jin\u00fd hmyz, nap\u0159\u00edklad \u010dmel\u00e1ky, kom\u00e1ry, ov\u00e1dy \u010di mravence. \u201eBodnut\u00ed v\u010delou, vosou a sr\u0161n\u011bm je z\u00a0hlediska ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdravotn\u00edho poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed n\u00e1kladn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm. D\u016fvodem je \u010detn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdskyt z\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch reakc\u00ed a \u010dast\u00e1 nutnost specializovan\u00e9 p\u00e9\u010de. Tito \u017eivo\u010dichov\u00e9 toti\u017e produkuj\u00ed jed, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee u alergick\u00fdch jedinc\u016f vyvolat velmi silnou imunitn\u00ed odpov\u011b\u010f,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1\u00a0Jan Bodn\u00e1r, n\u00e1m\u011bstek \u0159editele VZP \u010cR pro zdravotn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di.<\/p>\n \u201eM\u00e9n\u011b \u010dast\u00fdm, ale klinicky nejz\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edm projevem alergie na hmyz\u00ed jed jsou tzv. syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 reakce po bodnut\u00ed, kter\u00e9 kol\u00edsaj\u00ed od leh\u010d\u00edch reakc\u00ed s celkov\u00fdmi ko\u017en\u00edmi projevy obvykle charakteru celot\u011blov\u00e9 kop\u0159ivky, a\u017e po \u017eivot ohro\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed anafylaktick\u00fd \u0161ok s poruchou v\u011bdom\u00ed, z\u00e1stavou srdce a apno\u00ed,\u201c<\/em> vysv\u011btluje Martina Vachov\u00e1 z \u00dastavu imunologie a alergologie Fakultn\u00ed nemocnice Plze\u0148 a L\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e1 fakulta v Plzni Univerzita Karlova.<\/p>\n Z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 reakce, jako je anafylaxe, se obvykle rozvinou b\u011bhem prvn\u00edch 15 minut po bodnut\u00ed. Mimo v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00fdch projev\u016f mohou zahrnovat tak\u00e9 otoky obli\u010deje a krku, zrychlen\u00fd nebo slab\u00fd puls, pokles krevn\u00edho tlaku, mdloby, nevolnost nebo ob\u011bhov\u00e9 selh\u00e1n\u00ed. Vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed riziko t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9ho pr\u016fb\u011bhu je u star\u0161\u00edch pacient\u016f s kardiovaskul\u00e1rn\u00edmi onemocn\u011bn\u00edmi nebo s poruchami d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00ed. V takov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech je nezbytn\u00fd rychl\u00fd z\u00e1sah, tedy pod\u00e1n\u00ed adrenalinu a dal\u0161\u00edch podp\u016frn\u00fdch l\u00e9k\u016f. VZP \u010cR p\u0159itom eviduje stabiln\u00ed r\u016fst po\u010dtu klient\u016f, kter\u00fdm hrad\u00ed adrenalinov\u00e1 pera. Zat\u00edmco v roce 2014 je m\u011blo p\u0159edeps\u00e1no 6700 pacient\u016f, v roce 2024 to bylo ji\u017e 16\u00a0800 klient\u016f VZP. Tyto pom\u016fcky mohou v\u010dasn\u00fdm pod\u00e1n\u00edm zachr\u00e1nit \u017eivot v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 alergick\u00e9 reakce.<\/p>\n Nej\u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dbou alergie na hmyz\u00ed jed u pacient\u016f se syst\u00e9mov\u00fdmi reakcemi po bodnut\u00ed je tzv. imunoterapie hmyz\u00edm jedem nebo-li\u00a0venomov\u00e1 imunoterapie (VIT), specifick\u00e1 l\u00e9\u010dba spo\u010d\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed v pravideln\u00e9m dlouhodob\u00e9m pod\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed mal\u00fdch d\u00e1vek standardizovan\u00e9ho extraktu hmyz\u00edho jedu. C\u00edlem je \u201ep\u0159eu\u010dit\u201c imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m tak, aby nereagoval p\u0159ehnan\u011b p\u0159i dal\u0161\u00edm bodnut\u00ed. \u201eL\u00e9\u010dba pacienta zahrnuje edukaci, vybaven\u00ed pohotovostn\u00edmi l\u00e9ky v\u010detn\u011b autoinjektoru a v\u00a0indikovan\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech tak\u00e9 zah\u00e1jen\u00ed imunoterapie,\u201c<\/em> uv\u00e1d\u00ed. Martina Vachov\u00e1. Podle odborn\u00e9 literatury dosahuje \u00fa\u010dinnost VIT a\u017e 96 % u vos\u00edho a 84 % u v\u010del\u00edho jedu. Terapie je indikov\u00e1na zejm\u00e9na pacient\u016fm po st\u0159edn\u011b t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 nebo t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 reakci. V\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b lehk\u00fdch syst\u00e9mov\u00fdch reakci se l\u00e9\u010dba tak\u00e9 zva\u017euje a dosp\u011bl\u00fdm pacient\u016fm je obvykle indikov\u00e1na, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b pokud maj\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed riziko dal\u0161\u00edho bodnut\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u010dela\u0159i, lesn\u00ed d\u011bln\u00edci nebo pracovn\u00edci v zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed.<\/p>\n (tz-vzp)<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Lok\u00e1ln\u00ed otok, <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":352082,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[88],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/24\/ram-bodnuti.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/352078"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=352078"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/352078\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":352083,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/352078\/revisions\/352083"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/352082"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=352078"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=352078"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=352078"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}![\"\"](\"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/24\/tabulka-vzp.jpg\")
<\/p>\n
\n