{"id":351371,"date":"2025-07-16T17:54:12","date_gmt":"2025-07-16T16:54:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=351371"},"modified":"2025-07-16T17:55:22","modified_gmt":"2025-07-16T16:55:22","slug":"ceska-republika-strevni-mikrobiom-ovlivnuje-nachylnost-goril-v-zoologickych-zahradach-k-onemocnenim-srdce","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=351371","title":{"rendered":"\u010cESK\u00c1 REPUBLIKA: St\u0159evn\u00ed mikrobiom ovliv\u0148uje n\u00e1chylnost goril v\u00a0Zoo k\u00a0onemocn\u011bn\u00edm srdce"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Divok\u00e9 gorily vykazuj\u00ed ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed diverzitu mikrobiomu, ale zachov\u00e1vaj\u00ed metabolick\u00fd profil odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed stravy bohat\u00e9 na vl\u00e1kninu. Na obr\u00e1zku je gorila n\u00ed\u017einn\u00e1 z\u00a0Chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch oblast\u00ed Dzanga Sangha po\u017e\u00edraj\u00edc\u00ed oddenek rostliny z\u00a0rodu Scleria. (Foto: Leon Faure)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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Slo\u017een\u00ed st\u0159evn\u00edho mikrobiomu hraje kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli p\u0159i rozvoji kardiometabolick\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed u goril n\u00ed\u017einn\u00fdch chovan\u00fdch v\u00a0lidsk\u00e9 p\u00e9\u010di. Poznatky dokumentuje nov\u00e1 studie vytvo\u0159en\u00e1 ve spolupr\u00e1ci \u00dastavu biologie obratlovc\u016f AV \u010cR, \u010cesk\u00e9 zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 univerzity, University of Minnesota a dal\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch instituc\u00ed z USA a Evropy, spole\u010dn\u011b se zoologick\u00fdmi zahradami (nap\u0159\u00edklad Zoo Praha a Safari Park Dv\u016fr Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9 a V\u00fdzkumn\u00fd institut ochrany genofond\u016f) a Chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdmi oblastmi Dzanga Sangha ve St\u0159edoafrick\u00e9 republice. P\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed tak nov\u00fd pohled na p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny t\u011bchto onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, je\u017e jsou jednou z hlavn\u00edch p\u0159\u00ed\u010din \u00famrt\u00ed goril v zoologick\u00fdch zahrad\u00e1ch.<\/h6>\n

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\"\"St\u0159evn\u00ed mikrobiom tvo\u0159\u00ed miliarda mikroorganism\u016f, kter\u00e9 hraj\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli v metabolismu a\u00a0celkov\u00e9m zdrav\u00ed. U lid\u00ed se nerovnov\u00e1ha st\u0159evn\u00ed mikrofl\u00f3ry spojuje s kardiometabolick\u00fdmi chorobami. V nov\u00e9 studii tuto souvislost zkoumali v\u011bdci a v\u011bdkyn\u011b mnoha \u010desk\u00fdch i\u00a0zahrani\u010dn\u00edch instituc\u00ed a analyzovali proto vzorky trusu goril chovan\u00fdch v evropsk\u00fdch a\u00a0americk\u00fdch zoo i od voln\u011b \u017eij\u00edc\u00edch zv\u00ed\u0159at v\u00a0Chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch oblastech Dzanga Sangha ve\u00a0St\u0159edoafrick\u00e9 republice.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdsledky odhalily v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 rozd\u00edly mezi jednotliv\u00fdmi skupinami. Voln\u011b \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed gorily n\u00ed\u017einn\u00e9 vykazovaly ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed mikrobi\u00e1ln\u00ed diverzitu, ale jejich st\u0159evn\u00ed mikrofl\u00f3ra byla p\u0159izp\u016fsobena tr\u00e1ven\u00ed p\u0159irozen\u00e9 stravy s vysok\u00fdm obsahem vl\u00e1kniny. Gorily v evropsk\u00fdch zoologick\u00fdch zahrad\u00e1ch m\u011bly slo\u017een\u00ed st\u0159evn\u00edho mikrobiomu bli\u017e\u0161\u00ed voln\u011b \u017eij\u00edc\u00edm zv\u00ed\u0159at\u016fm ne\u017e gorily chovan\u00e9 v USA. Tento rozd\u00edl pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b souvis\u00ed s rozd\u00edln\u00fdm zastoupen\u00edm vl\u00e1kniny v potrav\u011b goril v\u00a0zoologick\u00fdch zahrad\u00e1ch v USA a Evrop\u011b a m\u016f\u017ee nazna\u010dovat, \u017ee v evropsk\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch se klade v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed d\u016fraz na potravu bohatou na lignin a pektin.<\/p>\n

Souvislost mikrobiomu s kardiometabolick\u00fdmi chorobami<\/h6>\n

V\u011bdci identifikovali specifick\u00e9 mikrobi\u00e1ln\u00ed markery spojen\u00e9 s kardiometabolick\u00fdmi onemocn\u011bn\u00edmi, kter\u00e9 mohou souviset s cukrovkou, vysok\u00fdm krevn\u00edm tlakem \u010di obezitou. Gorily s\u00a0t\u011bmito probl\u00e9my m\u011bly sn\u00ed\u017een\u00fd metabolismus aminokyselin obsahuj\u00edc\u00edch s\u00edru (methionin, cystein), kter\u00e9 jsou z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro zdrav\u00ed srdce. D\u00e1le v\u011bdci u t\u011bchto zv\u00ed\u0159at zaznamenali ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed produkci mastn\u00fdch kyselin, jako jsou butyr\u00e1t a propion\u00e1t, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed protiz\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky a chr\u00e1n\u00ed kardiovaskul\u00e1rn\u00ed syst\u00e9m. Jin\u00fdm v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm objevem byl zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd v\u00fdskyt potenci\u00e1ln\u011b \u0161kodliv\u00fdch bakteri\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad Campylobacter coli, kter\u00e9 mohou p\u0159isp\u00edvat ke st\u0159evn\u00edm z\u00e1n\u011bt\u016fm a dal\u0161\u00edm zdravotn\u00edm komplikac\u00edm.<\/p>\n

\u201eNa\u0161e v\u00fdsledky ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee prost\u0159ed\u00ed a strava z\u00e1sadn\u011b ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed zdrav\u00ed goril v zoologick\u00fdch zahrad\u00e1ch. St\u0159evn\u00ed mikrobiom ovliv\u0148uje nejen tr\u00e1ven\u00ed, ale i celkov\u00fd metabolismus, zdrav\u00ed a\u00a0kondici kardiovaskul\u00e1rn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu, podobn\u011b jako u lid\u00ed,\u201c<\/em> vysv\u011btluje Kl\u00e1ra Petr\u017eelkov\u00e1, vedouc\u00ed v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 skupiny ekologie symbiont\u016f prim\u00e1t\u016f z \u00dastavu biologie obratlovc\u016f AV \u010cR.<\/p>\n

Nov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti prevence nejen pro prim\u00e1ty<\/h6>\n

V\u00fdzkum m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159isp\u011bt nejen ke zlep\u0161en\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de o gorily v lidsk\u00e9 p\u00e9\u010di, ale tak\u00e9 k ochran\u011b jejich voln\u011b \u017eij\u00edc\u00edch populac\u00ed. \u201eRozkl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed vztahu mezi st\u0159evn\u00edm mikrobiomem a\u00a0kardiometabolick\u00fdmi onemocn\u011bn\u00edmi u goril poskytuje nejen praktick\u00e9 poznatky pro management jejich chovu v zoologick\u00fdch zahrad\u00e1ch, ale tak\u00e9 \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed evolu\u010dn\u00ed souvislosti o tom, jak se prim\u00e1ti p\u0159izp\u016fsobuj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdm stravovac\u00edm re\u017eim\u016fm. Tyto poznatky mohou b\u00fdt cenn\u00e9 i pro ochranu voln\u011b \u017eij\u00edc\u00edch populac\u00ed goril a v\u00fdzkum lidsk\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Jaroslav Havl\u00edk z \u010cesk\u00e9 zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 univerzity.<\/p>\n

\u201eTato studie poukazuje na v\u00fdznam sledov\u00e1n\u00ed st\u0159evn\u00edho mikrobiomu jako mo\u017enou sou\u010d\u00e1st preventivn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de o zdrav\u00ed goril chovan\u00fdch v zoologick\u00fdch zahrad\u00e1ch. Identifikace specifick\u00fdch mikrobi\u00e1ln\u00edch marker\u016f spojen\u00fdch s kardiometabolick\u00fdmi onemocn\u011bn\u00edmi by mohla v budoucnu pomoci v\u010das rozpoznat jedince s vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm rizikem t\u011bchto onemocn\u011bn\u00ed a tomu n\u00e1sledn\u011b i\u00a0p\u0159izp\u016fsobit jeho p\u0159\u00edpadnou medikaci,\u201c<\/em> uzav\u00edr\u00e1 veterin\u00e1\u0159 Roman Vodi\u010dka ze Zoo Praha.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b t\u00fdm Kl\u00e1ry Petr\u017eelkov\u00e9 z \u00dastavu biologie obratlovc\u016f AV \u010cR pokra\u010duje ve\u00a0spolupr\u00e1ci s\u00a0v\u011bdci z Univerzity Karlovy v\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdzkumu st\u0159evn\u00edho mikrobiomu goril a\u00a0roz\u0161i\u0159uje z\u00e1b\u011br na bakteriof\u00e1gov\u00e1 spole\u010denstva a spole\u010denstva n\u00e1levn\u00edk\u016f, kter\u00e1 zast\u00e1vaj\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli p\u0159i udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed rovnov\u00e1hy ve st\u0159evech. D\u00edky podpo\u0159e n\u011bkolika grant\u016f bude moci detailn\u011bji prozkoumat slo\u017eit\u00e9 interakce v mikrobi\u00e1ln\u00edm ekosyst\u00e9mu a jejich vliv na zdrav\u00ed prim\u00e1t\u016f. Tento dal\u0161\u00ed sm\u011br p\u0159inese cenn\u00e9 poznatky, kter\u00e9 zlep\u0161\u00ed kvalitu \u017eivota goril nejen v\u00a0zoologick\u00fdch zahrad\u00e1ch, ale i ve voln\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b.<\/p>\n

(tz-av\u010dr)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"
St\u0159evn\u00ed mikrobiom goril chovan\u00fdch v zoologick\u00fdch zahrad\u00e1ch vykazuje vysokou diverzitu, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e jejich metabolick\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed se vyzna\u010duje zv\u00fd\u0161enou fermentac\u00ed jednoduch\u00fdch sacharid\u016f a b\u00edlkovin, a to bez ohledu na jejich zdravotn\u00ed stav. (Petr Hamern\u00edk, Zoo Praha)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\n

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  Slo\u017een\u00ed <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":351373,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,174],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/16\/gorily-2.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/351371"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=351371"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/351371\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":351376,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/351371\/revisions\/351376"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/351373"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=351371"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=351371"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=351371"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}