{"id":348760,"date":"2025-06-16T08:43:48","date_gmt":"2025-06-16T07:43:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=348760"},"modified":"2025-06-16T12:35:50","modified_gmt":"2025-06-16T11:35:50","slug":"aktuality-cesti-vedci-potvrdili-masivni-premnozeni-invazniho-sumce-v-jiznim-spanelsku","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=348760","title":{"rendered":"AKTUALITY: \u010ce\u0161t\u00ed v\u011bdci potvrdili masivn\u00ed p\u0159emno\u017een\u00ed invazn\u00edho sumce v ji\u017en\u00edm \u0160pan\u011blsku"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Katastrof\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159emno\u017een\u00ed invazn\u00edho sumce velk\u00e9ho v n\u00e1dr\u017ei Izn\u00e1jar v ji\u017en\u00edm \u0160pan\u011blsku potvrdili v\u011bdci z Biologick\u00e9ho centra AV \u010cR. B\u011bhem pr\u016fzkumu jezera minul\u00fd t\u00fdden ulovili 29 jedinc\u016f o celkov\u00e9 hmotnosti p\u0159es 800 kilogram\u016f. Podle odborn\u00edk\u016f zat\u00edm nebyla takov\u00e1 popula\u010dn\u00ed biomasa\u00a0zaznamen\u00e1na nikde jinde na Pyrenejsk\u00e9m poloostrov\u011b. N<\/b>ejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed odloven\u00ed sumci m\u011b\u0159ili p\u0159es dva metry a v\u00e1\u017eili t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 80 kilogram\u016f.<\/b><\/h6>\n

Sumec velk\u00fd, kter\u00fd byl do jihoevropsk\u00fdch vod neleg\u00e1ln\u011b zavle\u010den sportovn\u00edmi ryb\u00e1\u0159i b\u011bhem posledn\u00edch dek\u00e1d, p\u0159edstavuje ve \u0161pan\u011blsk\u00e9m Izn\u00e1jaru v\u00e1\u017enou hrozbu pro m\u00edstn\u00ed biodiverzitu. \u201ePo\u010dty a biomasa sumc\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsme zde zaznamenali, nemaj\u00ed v regionu obdoby. P\u0159emno\u017een\u00fd sumec decimuje posledn\u00ed zbytky populace endemick\u00e9 parmy andalusk\u00e9,\u201c<\/em> uvedl Martin \u010cech z Biologick\u00e9ho centra AV \u010cR. Sumec tady jako vrcholov\u00fd pred\u00e1tor nem\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 p\u0159irozen\u00e9 nep\u0159\u00e1tele a v\u00a0tepl\u00e9 vod\u011b rychle roste.\u00a0Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed odloven\u00ed jedinci m\u011b\u0159ili 228, 226 a 215 cm.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdzkum prov\u00e1d\u011bli \u010de\u0161t\u00ed hydrobiologov\u00e9,\u00a0kte\u0159\u00ed jsou zapojen\u00ed do mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho projektu\u00a0LIFE Predator<\/a><\/strong>,\u00a0na z\u00e1klad\u011b pozv\u00e1n\u00ed profesora Carlose Fernandeze Delgada z univerzity v\u00a0C\u00f3rdob\u011b. Spolupracovali p\u0159i tom s odborn\u00edky ze \u0161pan\u011blsk\u00fdch univerzit v C\u00f3rdob\u011b, Murcii a Seville a z portugalsk\u00e9 univerzity v Lisabonu. K\u00a0odlovu pou\u017eili metodu dlouh\u00fdch \u0161\u0148\u016fr (long-lines), kter\u00e1 je p\u0159evzata z mo\u0159sk\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed a pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se k c\u00edlen\u00e9mu lovu nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch pred\u00e1tor\u016f, jako jsou me\u010douni, tu\u0148\u00e1ci nebo \u017eraloci. Dopl\u0148kov\u011b pou\u017eili tak\u00e9 tenatov\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b, kter\u00e9 slou\u017e\u00ed k odchytu ryb v r\u016fzn\u00fdch hloubk\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

P\u0159esto\u017ee je n\u00e1dr\u017e Izn\u00e1jar obl\u00edben\u00fdm m\u00edstem sportovn\u00edch ryb\u00e1\u0159\u016f, plat\u00ed na n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsn\u00fd z\u00e1kaz c\u00edlen\u00e9ho lovu sumc\u016f. Pokud ryb\u00e1\u0159 sumce p\u0159eci jen chyt\u00ed p\u0159i lovu jin\u00fdch druh\u016f ryb, mus\u00ed jej neprodlen\u011b na m\u00edst\u011b usmrtit. D\u016fvodem tohoto opat\u0159en\u00ed je obava, \u017ee budou ryb\u00e1\u0159i uloven\u00e9 sumce rozn\u00e1\u0161et do dal\u0161\u00edch n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed v regionu a d\u00e1le ni\u010dit p\u016fvodn\u00ed spole\u010denstva ryb a ostatn\u00ed unik\u00e1tn\u00ed faunu poloostrova.<\/p>\n

Invazn\u00ed sumec je ekologickou hrozbou<\/b><\/h6>\n

Sumec velk\u00fd\u00a0(Silurus glanis<\/i>)\u00a0je nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed sladkovodn\u00ed ryba Evropy, kter\u00e1 p\u016fvodn\u011b poch\u00e1z\u00ed z velk\u00fdch st\u0159edoevropsk\u00fdch \u0159ek. V zem\u00edch ji\u017en\u00ed Evropy, v\u010detn\u011b It\u00e1lie, Portugalska a \u0160pan\u011blska, je sumec invazn\u00edm druhem, kter\u00fd se velmi snadno rozmno\u017euje, rychle roste a p\u0159izp\u016fsobuje se m\u00edstn\u00edm podm\u00ednk\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 mu dokonale vyhovuj\u00ed. Pro p\u016fvodn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrodu ale p\u0159edstavuje hrozbu \u2013 ohro\u017euje vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 endemick\u00e9 druhy (tj. nevyskytuj\u00edc\u00ed se nikde jinde), pozm\u011b\u0148uje potravn\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b a na n\u011bkter\u00fdch chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch lokalit\u00e1ch dokonce decimuje populace vodn\u00edch pt\u00e1k\u016f.\u00a0Krom\u011b ekologick\u00fdch \u0161kod p\u016fsob\u00ed tak\u00e9 ekonomick\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty (nap\u0159. ni\u010d\u00ed ryb\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b) a kulturn\u00ed ztr\u00e1ty, proto\u017ee likviduje druhy symbolick\u00e9 pro danou oblast, jako jsou mihule mo\u0159sk\u00e1,\u00a0placka pomo\u0159ansk\u00e1 \u010di \u00faho\u0159 \u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed.\u00a0Masivn\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed sumce zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm sportovn\u00ed ryb\u00e1\u0159i, kte\u0159\u00ed jej neleg\u00e1ln\u011b p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed na jin\u00e1 m\u00edsta, nebo\u0165 jde o k\u00fd\u017eenou ryb\u00e1\u0159skou trofej.<\/p>\n

Zapojen\u00ed \u010desk\u00fdch v\u011bdc\u016f do projektu LIFE Predator<\/b><\/h6>\n

Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed projekt LIFE Predator si klade za c\u00edl zm\u00edrnit dopady sumce na jihoevropsk\u00e9 ekosyst\u00e9my, omezit a kontrolovat jeho \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed a zabr\u00e1nit dal\u0161\u00edm introdukc\u00edm. Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed projektu jsou ter\u00e9nn\u00ed v\u00fdzkumy v 50 jezerech a n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00edch, regula\u010dn\u00ed odlovy a osv\u011bta zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 na ryb\u00e1\u0159e i \u0161irokou ve\u0159ejnost. \u010ce\u0161t\u00ed v\u011bdci z\u00a0Biologick\u00e9ho centra AV \u010cR byli k \u00fa\u010dasti v\u00a0projektu p\u0159izv\u00e1ni d\u00edky sv\u00e9mu dlouholet\u00e9mu v\u00fdzkumu populace sumce velk\u00e9ho v jeho p\u016fvodn\u00edm are\u00e1lu v\u00fdskytu, tedy ve st\u0159edn\u00ed Evrop\u011b. \u010cesk\u00e1 republika tak figuruje jako kontroln\u00ed \u00fazem\u00ed. Pravideln\u011b se sleduj\u00ed n\u00e1dr\u017ee \u0158\u00edmov u \u010cesk\u00fdch Bud\u011bjovic a \u017dlutice u Karlov\u00fdch Var\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou podrobn\u011b zdokumentov\u00e1ny. Na konci leto\u0161n\u00edho l\u00e9ta chystaj\u00ed hydrobiologov\u00e9 pr\u016fzkum i na nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010desk\u00e9 n\u00e1dr\u017ei Lipno v\u00a0ji\u017en\u00edch \u010cech\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

(tz-av\u010dr)<\/strong><\/p>\n

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  Katastrof\u00e1ln\u00ed <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":348761,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[179,174],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/16\/nove-vedci.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/348760"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=348760"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/348760\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":348767,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/348760\/revisions\/348767"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/348761"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=348760"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=348760"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=348760"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}