{"id":346166,"date":"2025-05-19T08:39:07","date_gmt":"2025-05-19T07:39:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=346166"},"modified":"2025-05-19T08:39:07","modified_gmt":"2025-05-19T07:39:07","slug":"vseobecna-zdravotni-pojistovna-preeklampsie-v-tehotenstvi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=346166","title":{"rendered":"V\u0160EOBECN\u00c1 ZDRAVOTN\u00cd POJI\u0160\u0164OVNA: Preeklampsie v t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

OT\u00c1ZKA:<\/h6>\n
<\/a>Co je to preeklampsie a jak ovliv\u0148uje\u00a0t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed?<\/b><\/h6>\n
ODPOV\u011a\u010e:<\/h6>\n

Preeklampsie postihuje p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 5 % t\u011bhotn\u00fdch \u017een obvykle po 20. t\u00fddnu t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed, ale m\u016f\u017ee se rozvinout tak\u00e9 a\u017e kolem porodu nebo i po n\u011bm<\/b>. D\u0159\u00edve bylo toto onemocn\u011bn\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako \u201et\u011bhotensk\u00e1 toxik\u00f3za\u201c.\u00a0Projevuje se vysok\u00fdm krevn\u00edm tlakem a p\u0159\u00edtomnost\u00ed b\u00edlkoviny v mo\u010di.<\/b>\u00a0Tento stav omezuje pr\u016ftok krve mezi matkou a placentou, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k nedostate\u010dn\u00e9mu z\u00e1soben\u00ed plodu kysl\u00edkem a \u017eivinami. V\u00a0nejz\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch form\u00e1ch m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit eklamptick\u00e9 z\u00e1chvaty (k\u0159e\u010de a t\u0159es cel\u00e9ho t\u011bla), krv\u00e1cen\u00ed do mozku, odlou\u010den\u00ed placenty nebo dokonce \u00famrt\u00ed plodu.\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

Jak\u00e9 jsou p\u0159\u00edznaky?<\/b><\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00edznaky preeklampsie se mohou li\u0161it od m\u00edrn\u00fdch a\u017e po z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9.\u00a0U n\u011bkter\u00fdch \u017een m\u016f\u017ee onemocn\u011bn\u00ed prob\u00edhat bez zjevn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f<\/b>.\u00a0Nap\u0159\u00edklad vysok\u00fd krevn\u00ed tlak a p\u0159\u00edtomnost b\u00edlkoviny v mo\u010di jsou symptomy, kter\u00e9 na sob\u011b \u017eena b\u011b\u017en\u011b nepozoruje, ale gynekolog je zjist\u00ed p\u0159i pravideln\u00e9 t\u011bhotensk\u00e9 prohl\u00eddce.<\/strong>\u00a0Pokud se v\u0161ak p\u0159\u00edznaky objev\u00ed, mohou zahrnovat p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm\u00a0bolesti hlavy, krv\u00e1cen\u00ed, poruchy vid\u011bn\u00ed, bolest v pod\u017eeb\u0159\u00ed nebo otoky obli\u010deje a kon\u010detin<\/strong>.<\/b><\/p>\n

Jak se diagnostikuje preeklampsie?<\/b><\/b><\/p>\n

Z laboratorn\u00edch vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed lze nejen stanovit jej\u00ed diagn\u00f3zu, ale tak\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b posoudit jej\u00ed z\u00e1va\u017enost.\u00a0<\/b>Screening na riziko preeklampsie a r\u016fstov\u00e9 restrikce plodu se prov\u00e1d\u00ed\u00a0<\/b>na specializovan\u00e9m pracovi\u0161ti\u00a0<\/b>v I. trimestru t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed a zahrnuje laboratorn\u00ed testy, ultrazvukov\u00e9 vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed, anamn\u00e9zu a hodnoty krevn\u00edho tlaku. Laboratorn\u00ed testy zahrnuj\u00ed stanoven\u00ed koncentrace placent\u00e1rn\u00edho r\u016fstov\u00e9ho faktoru, ultrazvukov\u00e9 vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed hodnot\u00ed pr\u016ftok krve d\u011blo\u017en\u00edmi tepnami. P\u0159i anamn\u00e9ze pacientky se zji\u0161\u0165uje v\u00fd\u0161ka, v\u00e1ha, cukrovka, vysok\u00fd krevn\u00ed tlak, autoimunitn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, kou\u0159en\u00ed, preeklampsie v minulosti apod. Hodnoty krevn\u00edho tlaku jsou tak\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed vyhodnocen\u00ed.\u00a0P\u0159i pozitivn\u00edm v\u00fdsledku lze riziko onemocn\u011bn\u00ed sn\u00ed\u017eit nasazen\u00edm kyseliny acetylsalicylov\u00e9.\u00a0<\/b>D\u00e1le je mo\u017en\u00e9 riziko sn\u00ed\u017eit zdrav\u00fdm \u017eivotn\u00edm stylem, jako je vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00e1 strava, pravideln\u00e1 pohybov\u00e1 aktivita a omezen\u00ed stresu.<\/p>\n

I kdy\u017e tento screening nen\u00ed hrazen z ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdravotn\u00edho poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed\u00a0<\/b>(je nad r\u00e1mec\u00a0Z\u00e1sad dispenz\u00e1rn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de v t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed<\/a><\/strong>),\u00a0<\/b>mohou t\u011bhotn\u00e9 \u017eeny vyu\u017e\u00edt v r\u00e1mci fondu prevence VZP\u00a0<\/b>p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek a\u017e 5 000 K\u010d na r\u016fzn\u00e1 screeningov\u00e1 vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed<\/b><\/a>\u00a0<\/b><\/span>a dal\u0161\u00ed pom\u016fcky do 6 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f po porodu.<\/b><\/p>\n

Jak prob\u00edh\u00e1 l\u00e9\u010dba?<\/b><\/p>\n

L\u00e9\u010dba preeklampsie z\u00e1vis\u00ed na z\u00e1va\u017enosti stavu a st\u00e1diu t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed.\u00a0U m\u00edrn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f sta\u010d\u00ed pravideln\u00e9 sledov\u00e1n\u00ed krevn\u00edho tlaku a stavu plodu. V z\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpadech m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt nutn\u00e1 hospitalizace.<\/b>\u00a0U nejkriti\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00edch forem je jedinou mo\u017enost\u00ed p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e9 vyvol\u00e1n\u00ed porodu.<\/p>\n

P\u0159esto\u017ee je t\u011b\u017ek\u00e1 forma preeklampsie vz\u00e1cn\u00e1 a pravd\u011bpodobnost eklamptick\u00fdch z\u00e1chvat\u016f velmi n\u00edzk\u00e1, st\u00e1le vy\u017eaduje pe\u010dliv\u00e9 sledov\u00e1n\u00ed zdravotn\u00edho stavu t\u011bhotn\u00e9 \u017eeny.<\/b>\u00a0V\u011bt\u0161ina p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f preeklampsie se rozv\u00edj\u00ed v pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edch f\u00e1z\u00edch t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed, a pokud se objev\u00ed riziko pro matku \u010di plod, je nutn\u00e9 t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed ukon\u010dit co nejd\u0159\u00edve. V ide\u00e1ln\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b se t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed ukon\u010d\u00ed, jakmile je miminko dostate\u010dn\u011b vyvinut\u00e9, co\u017e obvykle b\u00fdv\u00e1 kolem 37. t\u00fddne, kdy je ji\u017e m\u00e9n\u011b ohro\u017eeno nezralost\u00ed. Pokud je nutn\u00e9 ukon\u010dit t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed d\u0159\u00edve ne\u017e v 35. t\u00fddnu, pod\u00e1vaj\u00ed se v\u011bt\u0161inou kortikosteroidn\u00ed hormony pro urychlen\u00ed zr\u00e1n\u00ed plic a dal\u0161\u00edch org\u00e1n\u016f plodu.<\/p>\n

Kter\u00e9 \u017eeny maj\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed riziko vzniku preeklampsie?<\/b><\/p>\n

Riziko vzniku preeklampsie je vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed u \u017een, kter\u00e9 jsou t\u011bhotn\u00e9 poprv\u00e9, \u010dekaj\u00ed dvoj\u010data nebo maj\u00ed v\u00edce\u010detn\u00e9 t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed.<\/b>\u00a0Dal\u0161\u00edmi rizikov\u00fdmi faktory jsou nadv\u00e1ha, chronick\u00fd vysok\u00fd krevn\u00ed tlak, cukrovka, onemocn\u011bn\u00ed ledvin nebo autoimunitn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 riziko se objevuje tak\u00e9 u \u017een, je\u017e ot\u011bhotn\u00ed ve vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm v\u011bku (nad 35 let), nebo u t\u011bch, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed preeklampsii v rodinn\u00e9 anamn\u00e9ze \u010di ji prod\u011blaly v minulosti.<\/p>\n

(vzp)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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