{"id":346079,"date":"2025-05-28T20:46:28","date_gmt":"2025-05-28T19:46:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=346079"},"modified":"2025-05-28T20:52:30","modified_gmt":"2025-05-28T19:52:30","slug":"ceska-republika-arkticke-rostliny-reaguji-na-zmenu-klimatu-nepredvidatelne","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=346079","title":{"rendered":"\u010cESK\u00c1 REPUBLIKA: V\u011bdci 40 let sledovali vliv zm\u011bny klimatu na arktick\u00e9 rostliny"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Svalbard: Rostlinn\u00e1 biodiverzita m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt ve vysok\u00e9 Arktid\u011b p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b velk\u00e1. Vegetace tundry na \u0160picberk\u00e1ch. Foto: Petr Macek, BC AV \u010cR<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
Klimatick\u00e1 zm\u011bna rychle prom\u011b\u0148uje arktickou tundru, potvrdila rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed studie, kterou publikoval \u010dasopis Nature<\/a>. V\u011bdci po \u010dty\u0159i desetilet\u00ed sledovali v\u00edce ne\u017e 2 000 rostlinn\u00fdch spole\u010denstev nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d Arktidou a zjistili, \u017ee zm\u011bny nejsou jednotn\u00e9 \u2013 zat\u00edmco n\u011bkter\u00e9 oblasti zaznamenaly p\u0159\u00edr\u016fstek druh\u016f, jin\u00e9 naopak ztr\u00e1cely svou biologickou rozmanitost. Mezi v\u00fdzkumn\u00edky, kte\u0159\u00ed se na projektu pod\u00edleli, byl i Petr Macek z Biologick\u00e9ho centra Akademie v\u011bd \u010cR.<\/h6>\n

\"\"\u201eArktida je p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b rozmanit\u00e1. Ekosyst\u00e9my tundry mohou na jednom \u010dtvere\u010dn\u00edm metru hostit des\u00edtky druh\u016f rostlin,\u201c<\/em> uvedla hlavn\u00ed autorka studie Dr. Mariana Garc\u00eda Criado (University of Edinburgh). Studie ukazuje, \u017ee biodiverzita se v rychle se otepluj\u00edc\u00ed Arktid\u011b m\u016f\u017ee ub\u00edrat r\u016fzn\u00fdmi sm\u011bry. V n\u011bkter\u00fdch m\u00edstech se objevuj\u00ed nov\u00e9 druhy, jinde doch\u00e1z\u00ed k \u00fabytku biodiverzity. K v\u00fdrazn\u00fdm zm\u011bn\u00e1m pat\u0159\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad n\u00e1r\u016fst po\u010dtu ke\u0159\u016f a trav nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d celou Arktidou a z\u00e1rove\u0148 \u00fastup bylin, kter\u00e9 h\u016f\u0159e rostou ve st\u00ednu vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch rostlin.<\/p>\n

V tund\u0159e nen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd jasn\u00fd v\u00edt\u011bz<\/h6>\n

S vy\u0161\u0161\u00edmi teplotami se v tund\u0159e objevuje v\u00edce druh\u016f, ale ne plo\u0161n\u011b. Arktick\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u011b prom\u011b\u0148uj\u00ed ke\u0159e, av\u0161ak nikoliv v\u0161ude stejn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem. Jin\u00fdmi slovy \u2013 druhov\u00e9 slo\u017een\u00ed rostlin se sice m\u011bn\u00ed, ale celkov\u011b ve spole\u010denstvu nen\u00ed v\u00edt\u011bz\u016f ani pora\u017een\u00fdch. Hlavn\u00edmi hybateli t\u011bchto zm\u011bn jsou oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed a konkurence mezi rostlinami. Studie ukazuje, \u017ee zm\u011bny vegetace mohou b\u00fdt v\u010dasn\u00fdm varovn\u00fdm sign\u00e1lem hlub\u0161\u00edch prom\u011bn cel\u00fdch ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f. Emeritn\u00ed profesor Greg Henry (University of British Columbia) k tomu podot\u00fdk\u00e1: \u201eDlouhodob\u00fd v\u00fdzkum je ve zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed Arktidy z\u00e1sadn\u00ed \u2013 zm\u011bny v ekosyst\u00e9mu za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed u rostlin. Kdy\u017e se zm\u011bn\u00ed ony, n\u00e1sleduje v\u0161echno ostatn\u00ed \u2013 arktick\u00e1 zv\u00ed\u0159ata, m\u00edstn\u00ed a p\u016fvodn\u00ed komunity i glob\u00e1ln\u00ed uhl\u00edkov\u00fd cyklus.\u201c<\/em> Studie tak odhaluje, jak klimatick\u00e1 zm\u011bna p\u0159etv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed jeden z nejk\u0159eh\u010d\u00edch ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f sv\u011bta.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdzkum publikovan\u00fd v \u010dasopise Nature pokr\u00fdval sledov\u00e1n\u00ed 2 174 ploch na 45 stanovi\u0161t\u00edch od Kanadsk\u00e9 Arktidy p\u0159es Alja\u0161ku po Skandin\u00e1vii po dobu 40 let. Na studii spolupracovalo 54 v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk\u016f z 50 instituc\u00ed v r\u00e1mci mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b ITEX (International Tundra Experiment).<\/p>\n

Hlavn\u00ed zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed studie:<\/h6>\n

\u2022 V\u00edce tepla, v\u00edce druh\u016f: V teplej\u0161\u00edch oblastech a na jihu Arktidy b\u00fdv\u00e1 rostlinn\u00e1 diverzita vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed. Na ka\u017ed\u00e9 2 \u00b0C zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed teploty p\u0159ipad\u00e1 v pr\u016fm\u011bru jeden nov\u00fd druh. Dlouhodob\u00e9 trendy v\u0161ak nenazna\u010duj\u00ed jednozna\u010dn\u00fd n\u00e1r\u016fst ani pokles druhov\u00e9ho bohatstv\u00ed \u2013 vztah mezi oteplov\u00e1n\u00edm a biodiverzitou je tedy slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e se o\u010dek\u00e1valo.<\/p>\n

\u2022 Ke\u0159e m\u011bn\u00ed spole\u010denstva tundry: V m\u00edstech, kde se roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ily ke\u0159e, \u010dasto do\u0161lo k \u00fabytku druh\u016f, zejm\u00e9na kv\u016fli tomu, \u017ee vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ke\u0159e vytla\u010dily men\u0161\u00ed rostliny. Jin\u00fd v\u00fdvoj byl pozorov\u00e1n tam, kde dominovaly byliny \u2013 ty naopak podporovaly v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed druhovou rozmanitost, co\u017e ukazuje na r\u016fznorod\u00e9 dopady r\u016fzn\u00fdch typ\u016f rostlin.<\/p>\n

\u2022 V\u011bt\u0161ina lokalit zaznamenala v\u00fdm\u011bnu druh\u016f a prom\u011bny spole\u010denstev: Teplej\u0161\u00ed oblasti a m\u00edsta s v\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm oteplov\u00e1n\u00edm zaznamenaly v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed druhovou obm\u011bnu. Studie v\u0161ak nena\u0161la d\u016fkazy, \u017ee by se arktick\u00e1 spole\u010denstva rostlin za\u010dala navz\u00e1jem v\u00edce podobat.<\/p>\n

(tz-av\u010dr)<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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Shrub effects: Roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed ke\u0159\u016f je spojeno s \u00fabytkem druh\u016f a poklesem druhov\u00e9ho bohatstv\u00ed na mnoha stanovi\u0161t\u00edch tundry. Foto: Petr Macek, BC AV \u010cR<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Klimatick\u00e1 zm\u011bna <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":346081,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,174],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/17\/arkticke-rostliny-foto-petr-macek-2.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/346079"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=346079"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/346079\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":347094,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/346079\/revisions\/347094"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/346081"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=346079"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=346079"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=346079"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}