{"id":345126,"date":"2026-04-03T18:10:40","date_gmt":"2026-04-03T17:10:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=345126"},"modified":"2026-04-03T18:10:40","modified_gmt":"2026-04-03T17:10:40","slug":"stara-sumava-a-posumavi-bila-sobota-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=345126","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA A PO\u0160UMAV\u00cd: B\u00edl\u00e1 sobota"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Velikono\u010dn\u00ed sv\u00e1tky pat\u0159\u00ed k nejstar\u0161\u00edm sv\u00e1tk\u016fm v\u016fbec. A i kdy\u017e u\u017e je dnes vn\u00edm\u00e1me p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm jako prodlou\u017een\u00fd v\u00edkend, pro na\u0161e p\u0159edky byly Velikonoce nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm sv\u00e1tkem roku pln\u00fdm tradic. Oslavovalo se vzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161en\u00ed \u2013 nejen Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e, ale tak\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrody, p\u0159\u00edchod jara po dlouh\u00e9 zim\u011b.<\/h6>\n

\u201eNa B\u00edlou sobotu shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u00ed selka v\u0161echny kl\u00ed\u010de, kter\u00e9 se v dom\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed, sv\u00e1\u017eou se do jednoho svazku. Pak \u010dek\u00e1 do prvn\u00edho vyzv\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed na sv\u00e1tek Vzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161en\u00ed. P\u0159i prvn\u00ed \u00faderu zvonu jde do sklepa, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e neust\u00e1le s kl\u00ed\u010di chrast\u00ed. Jakmile vyzv\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed skon\u010d\u00ed, jde s rachot\u00edc\u00edmi kl\u00ed\u010di op\u011bt nahoru. \u0158\u00edk\u00e1 se, \u017ee my\u0161i jsou t\u00edmto zvukem tak vyd\u011b\u0161en\u00e9, \u017ee brzy zcela opust\u00ed d\u016fm.\u201c<\/p>\n

B\u00edl\u00e1 sobota je dle k\u0159es\u0165anstv\u00ed druh\u00fdm dnem, kdy Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161 le\u017eel po uk\u0159i\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed v hrob\u011b, den zmatku a ticha a uv\u011bdom\u011bn\u00ed si toho, co se stalo. Neslou\u017e\u00ed se bohoslu\u017eby, a\u017e ve\u010der po z\u00e1padu slunce se konaj\u00ed velikono\u010dn\u00ed vigilie, tj. velk\u00e9 oslavy vzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161en\u00ed. N\u00e1zev B\u00edl\u00e1 sobota se odvozuje pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b od b\u00edl\u00fdch rouch t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed se nechali v tuto noc pok\u0159t\u00edt.<\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed k\u0159es\u0165anskou tradic\u00ed je zapalov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00edc\u00ed a oh\u0148\u016f p\u0159ed kostely. Ohe\u0148 a sv\u011btlo toti\u017e symbolizuj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edtomnost a s\u00edlu bo\u017e\u00ed. Tak\u00e9 je symbolem bo\u017e\u00ed l\u00e1sky, kter\u00e1 zah\u0159eje i b\u011bhem chladu a temnoty. B\u011bhem no\u010dn\u00ed bohoslu\u017eby se v kostele zapaluje velk\u00e1 sv\u00edce zvan\u00e1 pa\u0161k\u00e1l. (Jde o velkou velikono\u010dn\u00ed sv\u00edci, kterou zap\u00e1l\u00ed ve\u010der o B\u00edl\u00e9 sobot\u011b kn\u011bz od velikono\u010dn\u00edho ohn\u011b. Od pa\u0161k\u00e1lu si pak zapaluj\u00ed sv\u00e9 p\u0159inesen\u00e9 sv\u00ed\u010dky v\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00ed. Pa\u0161k\u00e1l z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 v kostele po cel\u00fd rok. Rozsv\u011bcuje se ka\u017ed\u00fd den a\u017e do Letnic a potom p\u0159i v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch ob\u0159adech, jako jsou s\u0148atky nebo k\u0159ty.) Je symbolem Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e, kter\u00fd se stal sv\u011btlem pro v\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00ed. Sv\u00edce se zapalovala od ohn\u011b, kter\u00fd se p\u0159edt\u00edm posv\u011btil p\u0159ed vraty kostela.<\/p>\n

K tomuto ohni si chodili lid\u00e9 p\u0159ipalovat sv\u00e1 pol\u00ednka a brali si z n\u011bj uhl\u00edky, aby jimi doma rozd\u011blali ohe\u0148 v kamnech nebo peci. Jestli\u017ee po tomto posv\u011bcen\u00e9m ohni z\u016fstala oho\u0159el\u00e1 d\u0159\u00edvka, vyr\u00e1b\u011bly se z nich k\u0159\u00ed\u017eky, kter\u00e9 se d\u00e1valy do tr\u00e1m\u016f st\u0159ech dom\u016f, aby chr\u00e1nily p\u0159ed po\u017e\u00e1rem a krupobit\u00edm. Pokl\u00e1daly se i na pole, aby byla lep\u0161\u00ed \u00faroda \u2013 tu m\u011bl zaru\u010dit tak\u00e9 popel z tohoto ohn\u011b, kter\u00fd na n\u011b hospod\u00e1\u0159 rozsypal. Hospod\u00e1\u0159i chodili tak\u00e9 do sadu a t\u0159\u00e1sli ovocn\u00fdmi stromy, aby na nich byla dobr\u00e1 \u00faroda. Pro \u010dlov\u011bka je ohe\u0148 podm\u00ednkou \u017eivota na zemi, z\u00e1rove\u0148 ale symbolizuje i smrt a o\u010distu. To v\u0161e je velikono\u010dn\u00ed symbolika \u2013 smrt i vzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161en\u00ed, l\u00e1ska a o\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

O velikono\u010dn\u00edch vigili\u00edch se sv\u011bt\u00ed k\u0159estn\u00ed voda a v\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00ed obnovuj\u00ed sv\u016fj slib. Na druhou stranu m\u016f\u017ee n\u00e1zev B\u00edl\u00e1 sobota poch\u00e1zet i z lidov\u00fdch tradic, kter\u00e9 se tento den prov\u00e1d\u011bly \u2013 prov\u00e1d\u011bl se velk\u00fd \u00faklid a tak\u00e9 b\u00edlen\u00ed p\u0159ed oslavou vzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161en\u00ed. Na B\u00edlou sobotu b\u00fdvalo v\u017edy zvykem vymetat hmyz z domu za zvuku kosteln\u00edch zvon\u016f. Metlo se nov\u00fdm ko\u0161t\u011btem, aby bylo staven\u00ed po cel\u00fd rok \u010dist\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Je to den p\u0159\u00edprav na Bo\u017e\u00ed hod velikono\u010dn\u00ed, nese se ve znamen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edprav pokrm\u016f, zdoben\u00ed vaj\u00ed\u010dek \u010di pleten\u00ed poml\u00e1zek. Ber\u00e1nek se tradi\u010dn\u011b pe\u010de na B\u00edlou sobotu. Je symbolem ji\u017e z p\u0159edk\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00fdch dob, u k\u0159es\u0165an\u016f p\u0159edstavuje Krista, ber\u00e1nka bo\u017e\u00edho, a zobrazuje se s praporem v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed. Je\u0161t\u011b d\u0159\u00edve se ber\u00e1nek zab\u00edjel jako pam\u00e1tka vyveden\u00ed Izraele z egyptsk\u00e9ho otroctv\u00ed. Dnes u\u017e se udr\u017euje tento zvyk ve form\u011b m\u00edrn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a ber\u00e1nek se pe\u010de pouze v p\u0159enesen\u00e9 podob\u011b sladk\u00e9ho pe\u010diva.<\/p>\n

Na B\u00edlou sobotu je tak\u00e9 tradic\u00ed malovat velikono\u010dn\u00ed vejce. Ji\u017e od prad\u00e1vna vejce symbolizuje nov\u00fd \u017eivot, plodnost, \u00farodu i vzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161en\u00ed. U\u017e u pohan\u016f se objevovaly na oslav\u00e1ch jara. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 souvis\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b i s t\u00edm, \u017ee doba p\u0159edt\u00edm byla postn\u00ed a vejce se j\u00edst nesm\u011bla.<\/p>\n

V tento den, na B\u00edlou sobotu, je rovn\u011b\u017e zvykem pl\u00e9st poml\u00e1zku, se kterou chod\u00ed chlapci na Velikono\u010dn\u00ed pond\u011bl\u00ed a s jej\u00ed pomoc\u00ed omlazuj\u00ed d\u011bv\u010data, aby byla cel\u00fd n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed rok kr\u00e1sn\u00e1 a zdrav\u00e1. Jarn\u00ed proutky maj\u00ed za \u00fakol svou s\u00edlu a sv\u011b\u017eest d\u00edvk\u00e1m p\u0159edat. Kdy\u017e je poml\u00e1zka hotov\u00e1, m\u011bla by se na ni uv\u00e1zat jedna b\u00edl\u00e1 stuha. O B\u00edl\u00e9 sobot\u011b se zvony vr\u00e1tily z \u0158\u00edma, kam odlet\u011bly na Zelen\u00fd \u010dtvrtek. Tento den se obvykle nekonaj\u00ed m\u0161e ani dal\u0161\u00ed sv\u00e1tosti, krom\u011b pomaz\u00e1n\u00ed nemocn\u00fdch a sv\u00e1tosti sm\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed. A\u017e po z\u00e1padu slunce za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 slavnost Kristova vzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161en\u00ed.<\/p>\n

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Zdroj:<\/strong> VAV\u0158INCOV\u00c1 Valburga: Mal\u00e1 encyklopedie Velikonoc. Praha 2006. VONDRU\u0160KOV\u00c1 Alena: \u010cesk\u00fd lidov\u00fd a c\u00edrkevn\u00ed rok. Brno 2015. Pov\u011bry a oby\u010deje v \u010cech\u00e1ch a na Morav\u011b; J.V. Grohmann, str. 79<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

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