{"id":340060,"date":"2025-03-19T14:16:49","date_gmt":"2025-03-19T13:16:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=340060"},"modified":"2025-03-19T14:21:40","modified_gmt":"2025-03-19T13:21:40","slug":"ceska-republika-pohyb-divokych-kocek-budou-sledovat-telemetricke-obojky-do-monitoringu-se-zapoji-i-verejnost","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=340060","title":{"rendered":"\u010cESK\u00c1 REPUBLIKA: Divok\u00e9 ko\u010dky sleduj\u00ed telemetrick\u00e9 obojky, do monitoringu se m\u016f\u017ee zapojit tak\u00e9 ve\u0159ejnost"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Ilustra\u010dn\u00ed foto: pixabay<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
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V\u011bdci z \u00dastavu biologie obratlovc\u016f AV \u010cR odchytili na konci \u00fanora ve vojensk\u00e9m \u00fajezdu Hradi\u0161t\u011b v Doupovsk\u00fdch hor\u00e1ch historicky prvn\u00edho samce ko\u010dky divok\u00e9 na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cR. Dostal jm\u00e9no Mat\u011bj. Po usp\u00e1n\u00ed mu odborn\u00edci nasadili telemetrick\u00fd obojek a kolem jeden\u00e1ct\u00e9 ve\u010der z m\u00edsta odchytu s\u00e1m odb\u011bhl zp\u011bt do voln\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrody. Zoologov\u00e9 tak budou m\u00edt \u0161anci sledovat pohyb kriticky ohro\u017een\u00e9ho druhu savce. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 \u017e\u00e1daj\u00ed ve\u0159ejnost o pomoc p\u0159i monitoringu.<\/h6>\n

\"\"Ko\u010dka divok\u00e1 (Felis silvestris) je skryt\u011b \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed druh, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee snadno unikat pozornosti \u010dlov\u011bka. Na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky se vyskytuje ve dvou oblastech, v z\u00e1padn\u00edch a jihoz\u00e1padn\u00edch \u010cech\u00e1ch a na moravsko-slovensk\u00e9m pomez\u00ed. V\u00fdskyt a stav populace ko\u010dky divok\u00e9 v prvn\u00ed ze zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdch oblast\u00ed zmapuje projekt Technologick\u00e9 agentury \u010cR financovan\u00fd z programu Prost\u0159ed\u00ed pro \u017eivot, kter\u00fd od dubna lo\u0148sk\u00e9ho roku \u0159e\u0161\u00ed \u00dastav biologie obratlovc\u016f AV \u010cR (\u00daBO AV \u010cR). Jednou z aktivit projektu je GPS telemetrie.<\/p>\n

\u201eGPS telemetrie je modern\u00ed metoda monitoringu r\u016fzn\u00fdch druh\u016fm obratlovc\u016f. Umo\u017e\u0148uje detailn\u011b mapovat jejich \u010dasoprostorovou aktivitu. U ko\u010dek divok\u00fdch n\u00e1m z\u00edskan\u00e1 data pomohou l\u00e9pe porozum\u011bt jejich chov\u00e1n\u00ed a tomu, jak\u00e9 maj\u00ed po\u017eadavky na prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kter\u00e9 ob\u00fdvaj\u00ed,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 zoolo\u017eka Jarmila Krojerov\u00e1 z \u00daBO AV \u010cR, je\u017e je hlavn\u00ed \u0159e\u0161itelkou zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9ho projektu TA \u010cR.<\/p>\n

Doupovsk\u00fd Mat\u011bj<\/h6>\n

Jako pilotn\u00ed \u00fazem\u00ed vybrali odborn\u00edci vojensk\u00fd \u00fajezd Hradi\u0161t\u011b v Doupovsk\u00fdch hor\u00e1ch, kde v posledn\u00edch letech zdokumentovali nejpo\u010detn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed subpopulaci ko\u010dek divok\u00fdch u n\u00e1s. \u201eMonitoringu ko\u010dek divok\u00fdch na Doupov\u011b se ve spolupr\u00e1ci s \u00dajezdn\u00edm \u00fa\u0159adem V\u00da Hradi\u0161t\u011b a Vojensk\u00fdmi lesy a statky \u010cR, a. s., v\u011bnuji u\u017e od roku 2019, kdy moje fotopast zde zachytila prvn\u00ed ko\u010dku divokou. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b dosavadn\u00edch dat z fotopast\u00ed a anal\u00fdzy DNA se domn\u00edv\u00e1me, \u017ee tato populace m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt ke dv\u011bma des\u00edtk\u00e1m jedinc\u016f, mo\u017en\u00e1 i v\u00edce,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Ji\u0159\u00ed Sochor ze spolku Rys Ostrovid, kter\u00fd s v\u011bdci z \u00daBO AV \u010cR dlouhodob\u011b spolupracuje a pom\u00e1h\u00e1 jim i nyn\u00ed p\u0159i odchytu a monitoringu ko\u010dek divok\u00fdch. D\u00edky jeho pr\u00e1ci v p\u0159edchoz\u00edch letech byla v oblasti vytipov\u00e1na vhodn\u00e1 m\u00edsta na instalaci odchytov\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n

V pond\u011bl\u00ed 24. \u00fanora 2025 slavil odchytov\u00fd t\u00fdm \u00fasp\u011bch, prvn\u00ed ko\u010dce divok\u00e9 byl nasazen telemetrick\u00fd obojek, kter\u00fd podrobn\u011b zmapuje jej\u00ed pohyb v t\u00e9to oblasti. Samec dostal jm\u00e9no Mat\u011bj podle jm\u00e9na v kalend\u00e1\u0159i, v\u00e1\u017eil 5135 g a jeho v\u011bk byl odhadnut na 4\u20135 let. \u201eD\u00edky informac\u00edm z obojku m\u016f\u017eeme l\u00e9pe zac\u00edlit monitoring na tento druh a naj\u00edt vhodn\u00e1 m\u00edsta pro instalaci chlupov\u00fdch past\u00ed a fotopast\u00ed i v dal\u0161\u00edch oblastech v\u00fdskytu,\u201c<\/em> popisuje Jarmila Krojerov\u00e1.<\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00edtomnost kriticky ohro\u017een\u00e9 ko\u010dky divok\u00e9 ve vojensk\u00e9m \u00fajezdu Hradi\u0161t\u011b potvrzuje, \u017ee vojensk\u00e9 \u00fajezdy, podobn\u011b jako velkoplo\u0161n\u00e1 chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e1 \u00fazem\u00ed, pat\u0159\u00ed z hlediska ochrany p\u0159\u00edrody k nejzachovalej\u0161\u00ed \u00fazem\u00edm. S vyu\u017eit\u00edm speci\u00e1ln\u00edho re\u017eimu hospoda\u0159en\u00ed se v nich udr\u017euj\u00ed cenn\u00e9 biotopy, kter\u00e9 mohou poskytnout \u00fato\u010di\u0161t\u011b mnoh\u00fdm kriticky ohro\u017een\u00fdm druh\u016fm. Mezi n\u011b pat\u0159\u00ed i ko\u010dka divok\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Komplikovan\u00fd monitoring m\u016f\u017ee usnadnit i ve\u0159ejnost<\/h6>\n

Monitoring v\u00fdskytu t\u011bchto t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nepolapiteln\u00fdch ko\u010dkovit\u00fdch \u0161elem, kter\u00e9 se nav\u00edc vzhledem podobaj\u00ed dom\u00e1c\u00edm mourk\u016fm, je velice obt\u00ed\u017en\u00fd. Nav\u00edc se oba druhy, ko\u010dka divok\u00e1 i ko\u010dka dom\u00e1c\u00ed, mohou vz\u00e1jemn\u011b k\u0159\u00ed\u017eit, co\u017e je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce st\u011b\u017euje jejich druhovou identifikaci. \u201ePodrobn\u00fd monitoring pomoc\u00ed fotopast\u00ed a chlupov\u00fdch past\u00ed, kter\u00e9 slou\u017e\u00ed ke sb\u011bru genetick\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu (chlup\u016f obsahuj\u00edc\u00edch DNA), je jedinou mo\u017enost\u00ed, jak odhalit pod\u00edl hybridn\u00edch jedinc\u016f a tak\u00e9 zjistit po\u010detnost ko\u010dky divok\u00e9 u n\u00e1s,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Jarmila Krojerov\u00e1.<\/p>\n

V ter\u00e9nu maj\u00ed v\u011bdci aktu\u00e1ln\u011b zhruba 140 fotopast\u00ed a chlupov\u00fdch past\u00ed. Pomoc\u00ed nich se sna\u017e\u00ed zmapovat v\u00fdskyt ko\u010dky divok\u00e9 a z\u00edskat pot\u0159ebn\u00fd genetick\u00fd materi\u00e1l. V\u00fdzkum podporuje Agentura ochrany p\u0159\u00edrody a krajiny \u010cR jako aplika\u010dn\u00ed garant projektu, Vojensk\u00e9 lesy a statky, divize Karlovy Vary a Boletice, \u010di Spr\u00e1va NP a CHKO \u0160umava \u2013 tedy organizace, kter\u00e9 spravuj\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00e1 \u00fazem\u00ed, kde monitoring v sou\u010dasnosti prob\u00edh\u00e1.<\/p>\n

P\u0159i monitoringu tak vz\u00e1cn\u00e9ho druhu, jak\u00fdm je ko\u010dka divok\u00e1, jsou velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 i informace od ve\u0159ejnosti, kter\u00e1 mohou upozornit nap\u0159. na nov\u00e9 oblasti v\u00fdskytu, jako tomu bylo v roce 2021 na Dob\u0159\u00ed\u0161sku.<\/p>\n

Rozd\u00edly mezi ko\u010dkami<\/h6>\n

Jak rozli\u0161it ko\u010dku divokou a mourovanou ko\u010dku dom\u00e1c\u00ed? Ko\u010dka divok\u00e1 je sv\u011btlej\u0161\u00ed, v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 mourov\u00e1n\u00ed na boc\u00edch chyb\u00ed. Ocas m\u00e1 obvykle hu\u0148at\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a krat\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e polovinu d\u00e9lky t\u011bla, tup\u011b zakon\u010den\u00fd s jednotliv\u00fdmi \u010dern\u00fdmi krou\u017eky. Uprost\u0159ed h\u0159betu se t\u00e1hne tenk\u00fd, ale v\u00fdrazn\u00fd \u010dern\u00fd pruh, kter\u00fd kon\u010d\u00ed u ko\u0159ene ocasu a d\u00e1l na ocas u\u017e nepokra\u010duje. Za hlavou jsou viditeln\u00e9 \u010dty\u0159i \u010dern\u00e9 pruhy a na ramenou obvykle dva kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 prou\u017eky. Rozd\u00edly podrobn\u011bji popisuje tabulka v p\u0159\u00edloze.<\/p>\n

(tz-av\u010dr)<\/strong><\/p>\n

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  V\u011bdci <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":340061,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,174],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/15\/kocka.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/340060"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=340060"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/340060\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":340384,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/340060\/revisions\/340384"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/340061"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=340060"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=340060"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=340060"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}