{"id":338595,"date":"2026-02-12T21:13:50","date_gmt":"2026-02-12T20:13:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=338595"},"modified":"2026-02-12T21:13:50","modified_gmt":"2026-02-12T20:13:50","slug":"z-archivu-a-kronik-o-masopustu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=338595","title":{"rendered":"Z ARCHIV\u016e A KRONIK: O masopustu"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Masopust nen\u00ed c\u00edrkevn\u00ed sv\u00e1tek, ale byl za\u0159azen do c\u00edrkevn\u00edho kalend\u00e1\u0159e, tak\u017ee jeho term\u00edn se ur\u010duje podle Velikonoc. Odehr\u00e1v\u00e1 se p\u0159ed Popele\u010dn\u00ed st\u0159edou, kter\u00e1 zahajuje p\u0159edvelikono\u010dn\u00ed postn\u00ed obdob\u00ed.<\/h6>\n

A proto\u017ee Velikonoce jsou pohybliv\u00fdm sv\u00e1tkem, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt masopustn\u00ed ned\u011ble r\u016fzn\u00e1. I kdy\u017e se pod n\u00e1zvem masopust se skr\u00fdv\u00e1 cel\u00e9 obdob\u00ed od T\u0159\u00ed kr\u00e1l\u016f a\u017e do za\u010d\u00e1tku postn\u00ed doby, kdy nastalo jeho vyvrcholen\u00ed, j\u00edm\u017e toto obdob\u00ed kon\u010d\u00ed, je ve t\u0159ech dnech p\u0159ed prvn\u00edm postn\u00edm dnem zvan\u00fdm Popele\u010dn\u00ed (t\u00e9\u017e \u0161kared\u00e1 st\u0159eda). P\u0159i pomy\u0161len\u00ed, \u017ee ji\u017e zakr\u00e1tko nastane dlouh\u00fd p\u0159edvelikono\u010dn\u00ed p\u016fst, si ka\u017ed\u00fd dop\u0159\u00e1l do sytosti bujar\u00e9ho vesel\u00ed, zp\u011bvu, tance a pochopiteln\u011b i j\u00eddla a pit\u00ed. Ne nadarmo se v tento \u010das odehr\u00e1valo nejv\u00edce zabija\u010dek. Ostatn\u011b mraziv\u00e9 po\u010das\u00ed pro n\u011b bylo ide\u00e1ln\u00ed a \u0159ezn\u00edci m\u011bli proto v tento \u010das nejv\u00edce napilno.<\/p>\n

V \u017eivot\u011b mnoha lidsk\u00fdch generac\u00ed hr\u00e1l d\u016fle\u017eitou \u00falohu jako zlomov\u00fd bod na rozhran\u00ed dvou ro\u010dn\u00edch etap. Jednalo se o dobu pom\u011brn\u00e9ho hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho klidu. Dokon\u010dovaly se je\u0161t\u011b drobn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce z p\u0159ede\u0161l\u00e9ho hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho roku (dran\u00ed pe\u0159\u00ed, p\u0159\u00e1stky, ml\u00e1cen\u00ed obil\u00ed), ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 se v\u0161ichni p\u0159ipravovali na bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edc\u00ed se jaro, po\u010d\u00e1tek nov\u00e9 hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 sez\u00f3ny. Souvisela s t\u00edm i \u0159ada symbolick\u00fdch magick\u00fdch \u00fakon\u016f a pov\u011br, maj\u00edc\u00edch zajistit jednak blahonosn\u00fd a plodonosn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinek, jednak ochr\u00e1nit usedlost p\u0159ed zl\u00fdmi silami a nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fdmi vlivy.<\/p>\n

Oslavu masopustu nutno hledat ji\u017e ve staro\u0159eck\u00fdch a \u0159\u00edmsk\u00fdch bakchan\u00edli\u00edch \u2013 oslav boha Dion\u00fdsa. \u010casem v\u0161ak nabyly oslavy masopustu jin\u00e9ho smyslu a podoby, charakteristick\u00e9 rysy se v\u0161ak dochovaly a\u017e do dne\u0161n\u00ed doby. I kdy\u017e jsou st\u011bsnan\u00e9 pov\u011bt\u0161inou jen na kon\u00e1n\u00ed ples\u016f, karneval\u016f a tane\u010dn\u00edch z\u00e1bav, pe\u010den\u00ed koblih a jin\u00fdch pamlsk\u016f, m\u00edstn\u011b i n\u011bkdy na kon\u00e1n\u00ed ma\u0161karn\u00edho pr\u016fvodu. Tak jako proti v\u0161em podobn\u00fdm sv\u00e1tk\u016fm s tancem, mno\u017estv\u00ed j\u00eddla, pit\u00ed a p\u0159em\u00edrou bujnosti, vystupovala katolick\u00e1 c\u00edrkev i proti masopustu. Z\u00e1kazy v\u0161ak byly zbyte\u010dn\u00e9 a ani st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00e9 pokusy p\u0159em\u00edstit alespo\u0148 \u010d\u00e1st oslav do kostel\u016f a kl\u00e1\u0161ter\u016f se nezda\u0159ily. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b se poda\u0159ilo zahrnout masopustn\u00ed dny mezi c\u00edrkevn\u00ed sv\u00e1tky a ur\u010dovat jejich term\u00edn. V posledn\u00ed masopustn\u00ed den se pozd\u011bji, hlavn\u011b v dob\u011b baroka, chodili v\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00ed vyzpov\u00eddat do kostela ze sv\u00fdch h\u0159\u00edch\u016f. Dostali rozh\u0159e\u0161en\u00ed a byli o\u010di\u0161t\u011bni p\u0159ed nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edm p\u016fstem. A to bylo to hlavn\u00ed, na co se c\u00edrkevn\u00ed prel\u00e1ti nakonec soust\u0159edili, kdy\u017e u\u017e se jim nepoda\u0159ilo lidov\u00e9 veselice omezit – aby v\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00ed nezapom\u00ednali, \u017ee po masopustu za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 postn\u00ed doba.<\/p>\n

Ma\u0161kary a tanec m\u011bly pro na\u0161e p\u0159edky kdysi mnohem hlub\u0161\u00ed smysl hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd. Tanec ma\u0161kar s medv\u011bdem a kon\u00ed\u010dkem, nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi maskami, kter\u00fdm byla p\u0159ikl\u00e1d\u00e1na plodonosn\u00e1 moc, m\u011bl p\u0159in\u00e9st krom\u011b plodnosti bohatou \u00farodu na pol\u00edch a prosperitu dobytka. Masopustn\u00ed koledov\u00e1n\u00ed v d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed dob\u011b m\u011blo tak\u00e9 jin\u00fd v\u00fdznam, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b pro chud\u0161\u00ed lid, kdy u\u017e se skromn\u00e9 z\u00e1soby v dom\u00e1cnosti zna\u010dn\u011b zten\u010dily.<\/p>\n

Masopust je ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s ostatn\u00edmi zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed sv\u00e1tek. Mo\u017en\u00e1 proto, \u017ee se jej nikdy nepoda\u0159ilo p\u0159izp\u016fsobit liturgick\u00fdm p\u0159edpis\u016fm. Obl\u00edbily si ho v\u0161echny vrstvy obyvatel, od nejchud\u0161\u00edch a\u017e po panovn\u00edky. Na \u0161lechtick\u00fdch s\u00eddlech se po\u0159\u00e1daly karnevalov\u00e9 z\u00e1bavy v mask\u00e1ch a pronikly i na panovnick\u00e9 dvory. \u010ce\u0161t\u00ed kr\u00e1lov\u00e9 zvali na bohat\u00e9 hostiny \u0161lechtu a pozd\u011bji i z\u00e1stupce m\u011bstsk\u00e9ho stavu, nejprve na Pra\u017esk\u00fd hrad a po t\u0159icetilet\u00e9 v\u00e1lce na c\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00fd dv\u016fr do V\u00eddn\u011b. Zde se p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edci \u0161lechtick\u00fdch rod\u016f bavili v ma\u0161karn\u00edch p\u0159evlec\u00edch. Z\u0159ejm\u011b tomu tak bylo i u n\u00e1s na z\u00e1mku. Kroniky ale ml\u010d\u00ed a pam\u011btn\u00edk\u016f nen\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Ve m\u011bstech i na venkov\u011b se od st\u0159edov\u011bku organizovaly tane\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1bavy a pr\u016fvody masek. V masopustn\u00edch pr\u016fvodech se \u010dasto objevovalo parodov\u00e1n\u00ed neobl\u00edben\u00fdch \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edk\u016f, n\u011bkter\u00fdch profes\u00ed i lidsk\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed sm\u011b\u0161n\u00fdmi maskami. Vzpouru proti spo\u0159\u00e1dan\u00e9mu \u017eivotu dokl\u00e1dala \u00fa\u010dast bl\u00e1zn\u016f a fantastick\u00fdch postav. Lid\u00e9 prost\u011b cht\u011bli slavit masopust svobodn\u011b a bez z\u00e1bran a nenechali si toto pr\u00e1vo vz\u00edt.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Zdroj:<\/strong> \u00danor na na\u0161\u00ed vsi Heimatbote, 1986, \u010d. 9, s. 8 Josef Bernklau, autor p\u0159eklad\u016f a \u010desk\u00fdch text\u016f Jan Mare\u0161, elektronick\u00e1 verze Ivo Kare\u0161 – Jiho\u010desk\u00e1 v\u011bdeck\u00e1 knihovna v \u010cesk\u00fdch Bud\u011bjovic\u00edch<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  Masopust <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":368291,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[74],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/11\/ram-o-masopustu.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/338595"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=338595"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/338595\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":368290,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/338595\/revisions\/368290"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/368291"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=338595"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=338595"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=338595"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}