{"id":338450,"date":"2026-02-08T23:21:11","date_gmt":"2026-02-08T22:21:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=338450"},"modified":"2026-02-08T23:21:11","modified_gmt":"2026-02-08T22:21:11","slug":"stara-sumava-a-posumavi-o-tucnem-ctvrtku","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=338450","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA A PO\u0160UMAV\u00cd: O Tu\u010dn\u00e9m \u010dtvrtku"},"content":{"rendered":"

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U\u017e v\u00e1m dostate\u010dn\u011b vytr\u00e1vilo po V\u00e1noc\u00edch? Pro ty, kte\u0159\u00ed na ob\u017eerstv\u00ed vzpom\u00ednaj\u00ed bez v\u00fd\u010ditek, nebo dokonce s nostalgi\u00ed, je tu Tu\u010dn\u00fd \u010dtvrtek. Tento den odprad\u00e1vna slou\u017eil k tomu, aby se lid\u00e9 po\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b nacpali p\u0159ed dlouh\u00fdm p\u016fstem. Masopust se ch\u00fdl\u00ed ke konci, co\u017e se m\u016f\u017ee oslavit jen pit\u00edm a j\u00eddlem. Ka\u017ed\u00fd sn\u00ed, co se do n\u011bho vejde.<\/h6>\n

Podle legendy poch\u00e1z\u00ed tato tradice od M\u00e1\u0159\u00ed Magdal\u00e9ny, kter\u00e1 byla pom\u011brn\u011b obtloustlej\u0161\u00ed. Jednoho dne ale vyslechla Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161ovo k\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed, obr\u00e1tila se k v\u00ed\u0159e a za\u010dala se postit. \u00dadajn\u011b se to stalo pr\u00e1v\u011b p\u0159i posledn\u00edm masopustn\u00edm \u010dtvrtku.<\/p>\n

V knize profesora v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 kulturn\u00ed historie Karlovy university v Praze, hlavn\u00edho knihovn\u00edka Muzea Kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed \u010desk\u00e9ho a d\u00e1vn\u00e9ho p\u0159edn\u00edho n\u00e1rodopisce \u010ce\u0148ka Z\u00edbrta (1864 \u2013 1932) s n\u00e1zvem \u201cVesel\u00e9 chv\u00edle v \u017eivot\u011b lidu \u010desk\u00e9ho\u201c, poprv\u00e9 vydanou roku 1909. Kr\u00e1sn\u00e1, na str\u00e1nky i informace o \u017eivot\u011b na\u0161ich p\u0159edk\u016f opravdu tu\u010dn\u00e1 kniha, v kapitole popisuj\u00edc\u00ed konec masopustu charakterizuje lidov\u00e9 radov\u00e1nky takto: \u201eMasopustn\u00ed veselosti vybou\u0159ily se a\u017e na vrchol od starod\u00e1vna v posledn\u00ed t\u0159i dni masopustn\u00ed, n\u011bkdy po\u010d\u00ednaj\u00edc ji\u017e na Tu\u010dn\u00fd (t\u00e9\u017e tlust\u00fd) \u010dtvrtek p\u0159ed masopustn\u00ed ned\u011bl\u00ed.\u201c<\/p>\n

P\u00edsemn\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy ze 13. stolet\u00ed potvrzuj\u00ed, \u017ee tyto oslavy byly hlu\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a rozpustilej\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e tomu je dnes. Jedly se \u0161i\u0161ky a kobli\u017eky, zabija\u010dkov\u00e9 speciality, pop\u00edjelo, zp\u00edvalo a tan\u010dilo p\u0159i hudb\u011b pi\u0161tc\u016f a hudc\u016f – bohat\u00fd i chud\u00fd, p\u00e1n i sluha, mistr i tovary\u0161. Tradice Tu\u010dn\u00e9ho \u010dtvrtku u n\u00e1s se d\u00e1 vyp\u00e1trat a\u017e k posledn\u00edm P\u0159emyslovc\u016fm, i kdy\u017e jde o zvyk jistojist\u011b star\u0161\u00ed. Ve st\u0159edov\u011bku a ran\u00e9m novov\u011bku se v tento den jedla zv\u011b\u0159ina, a kdo tuto mo\u017enost nem\u011bl, dop\u0159\u00e1val si jehn\u011b\u010d\u00ed, skopov\u00e9 a hov\u011bz\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Od 18. stolet\u00ed se na vesnic\u00edch roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159il zvyk masopustn\u00edch zabija\u010dek, tak\u017ee se typick\u00fdm tu\u010dno \u010dtvrte\u010dn\u00edm j\u00eddlem stalo vep\u0159o-knedlo-zelo, jitrnice, jelita, prejt a spol. Tradi\u010dn\u011b se konaly velkolep\u00e9 hostiny a vep\u0159ov\u00e9 hody, u jednoho stolu se sch\u00e1zelo \u0161irok\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edbuzenstvo a leckdy i cel\u00e1 vesnice.<\/p>\n

Se za\u010d\u00e1tkem 19. stolet\u00ed pak zvyk poj\u00eddat vep\u0159o-knedlo pronikl i do m\u011bst a k tomu se p\u0159idala obliba pe\u010den\u00e9 husy. V\u0161echno se samoz\u0159ejm\u011b d\u016fkladn\u011b zap\u00edjelo pivem, kter\u00e9 se prokl\u00e1dalo ko\u0159alkou. Aby na\u0161im p\u0159edk\u016fm pocit pln\u00e9ho pupku vydr\u017eel co nejd\u00e9le, va\u0159ila se syt\u00e1 j\u00eddla a s\u00e1dlem se rozhodn\u011b ne\u0161et\u0159ilo. V\u0161echny \u010dekalo \u010dty\u0159icet dn\u00ed bez masa, a tak se nikdo neost\u00fdchal, a kdo mohl, dop\u0159\u00e1l si po\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fd fl\u00e1k, pln\u00fd tal\u00ed\u0159 jitrnic, ovaru a dal\u0161\u00edch zabija\u010dkov\u00fdch specialit.<\/p>\n

Mezi lidmi byla obl\u00edben\u00e1 v\u00edra v to, \u017ee ten, kdo na Tu\u010dn\u00fd \u010dtvrtek, “tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1k” po\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b a dosysta j\u00ed ji\u017e od rann\u00edho kurop\u011bn\u00ed, bude cel\u00fd rok zdr\u00e1v, p\u0159i s\u00edle a bude dop\u0159\u00e1na hojnost jemu i cel\u00e9mu staven\u00ed. Dlouho tradovalo a st\u00e1le je\u0161t\u011b traduje, \u017ee tomu, kdo v posledn\u00ed \u010dtvrtek masopustu nesn\u00ed alespo\u0148 jednu po\u0159\u00e1dnou koblihu, nad\u00fdchanou jako p\u00edrko, zlatou na povrchu a se sv\u011btl\u00fdm prou\u017ekem dokola, se v budoucnu p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 dob\u0159e nepovede. Sma\u017een\u00ed koblih o posledn\u00edm masopustn\u00edm \u010dtvrtku s datuje od 17. stolet\u00ed. S t\u011bmi dne\u0161n\u00edmi ale tyto koblihy nem\u011bly pranic spole\u010dn\u00e9ho. Vyr\u00e1b\u011bly se z chlebov\u00e9ho t\u011bsta, sma\u017eily se na s\u00e1dle a jedly se spolu se \u0161kvarky.<\/p>\n

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P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

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