{"id":332879,"date":"2025-12-26T22:50:46","date_gmt":"2025-12-26T21:50:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=332879"},"modified":"2025-12-26T22:50:46","modified_gmt":"2025-12-26T21:50:46","slug":"stara-sumava-a-posumavi-o-svatku-mladatek","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=332879","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA A PO\u0160UMAV\u00cd: O sv\u00e1tku Ml\u00e1\u010f\u00e1tek"},"content":{"rendered":"

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28. prosince jsou v k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9m i lidov\u00e9m ob\u0159adn\u00edm kalend\u00e1\u0159i p\u0159ipom\u00ednan\u00e1 nemluv\u0148\u00e1tka, kter\u00e1 podle evangelijn\u00edho vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed nechal v Betl\u00e9m\u011b zavra\u017edit kr\u00e1l H\u00e9r\u00f3d\u00e9s Velik\u00fd bezprost\u0159edn\u011b po Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161ov\u011b narozen\u00ed. Co o tomto sv\u00e1tku dnes v\u00edme?<\/h6>\n

V z\u00e1padn\u00ed liturgick\u00e9 tradici p\u0159ipad\u00e1 sv\u00e1tek Ml\u00e1\u010f\u00e1tek na 28. prosince. Toto datum neozna\u010duje den \u00famrt\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed, ale souvislost jejich zabit\u00ed s V\u00e1nocemi a s narozen\u00edm Krista. Sv\u00e1tek poprv\u00e9 zmi\u0148uje kalend\u00e1\u0159 severo\u00adafrick\u00e9ho m\u011bsta Kart\u00e1ga roku 505.<\/p>\n

V lidov\u00e9 v\u00ed\u0159e den platil za ne\u0161\u0165astn\u00fd a za v\u011b\u0161tebn\u00fd. Traduje se, \u017ee \u201ekdo se na Ml\u00e1\u010f\u00e1tka roznem\u016f\u017ee, z\u0159\u00eddka vy\u017eije\u201c nebo \u201ekdo na Ml\u00e1\u010f\u00e1tka obchodoval, prod\u011blal\u201c. Negativn\u00edm znamen\u00edm toho dne byla mlha nebo chumelenice: rann\u00ed v\u011b\u0161tila smrt d\u011btem, poledn\u00ed mlad\u00fdm a svobodn\u00fdm, odpoledn\u00ed dosp\u011bl\u00fdm a ve\u010dern\u00ed star\u00fdm. Kdy\u017e se na Ml\u00e1\u010f\u00e1tka n\u011bco sype (sn\u011b\u017e\u00ed nebo pr\u0161\u00ed), bude p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edho roku hodn\u011b nemoc\u00ed.<\/p>\n

S tradovan\u00fdm biblick\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhem nejsp\u00ed\u0161e souvis\u00ed zvyk budit r\u00e1no 28. prosince d\u011bti a pt\u00e1t se jich: \u201eKolik bylo ml\u00e1\u010f\u00e1tek?” Kter\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b nev\u011bd\u011blo, dostalo metlou a p\u0159ipomn\u011blo se mu, \u017ee jich bylo \u201e\u010dty\u0159i tis\u00edce \u010dty\u0159i sta \u010dty\u0159icet \u010dty\u0159i”. Sv\u00e1tek Ml\u00e1\u010f\u00e1tek je prov\u00e1zen\u00fd \u0159adou zvyk\u016f a pov\u011br, v\u011bt\u0161inou v\u00e1zan\u00fdch k d\u011btem. Ten den by se t\u0159eba nem\u011blo pr\u00e1t pr\u00e1dlo, proto\u017ee se symbolicky m\u00e1ch\u00e1 v nevinn\u00e9 krvi zabit\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tak by se nem\u011bly ven v\u011b\u0161et vypran\u00e9 plenky: to aby Herodes nepoznal, \u017ee v dom\u011b bydl\u00ed mal\u00e9 d\u011bti a nep\u0159i\u0161el si pro n\u011b.<\/p>\n

Na horn\u00ed \u0160umav\u011b se sv\u00e1tek Ml\u00e1\u010f\u00e1tek \u2013 Nevi\u0148\u00e1tek slavil jako den d\u0159eva\u0159\u016f, d\u0159eva\u0159i \u0161li v ned\u011bln\u00edch \u0161atech na rann\u00ed m\u0161i svatou a b\u011bhem dne prov\u00e1d\u011bli jen ty nejnutn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed dom\u00e1c\u00ed pr\u00e1ce. Pozd\u011bji se k tomuto dni \u2013 28. prosinci, p\u0159idaly lidov\u00e9 pov\u011bry a zvyky. V tento den rovn\u011b\u017e matky zapalovaly sv\u00ed\u010dku za jejich zem\u0159el\u00e9 d\u011bti, aby se d\u011btsk\u00e1 du\u0161i\u010dka mohla oh\u0159\u00e1t od tepl\u00e9ho plam\u00ednku sv\u00ed\u010dky. I p\u0159esto, \u017ee byl tento den vn\u00edm\u00e1n sp\u00ed\u0161e pochmurnou n\u00e1ladou, na n\u011bkter\u00fdch m\u00edstech se objevily pokusy slavit tento den buja\u0159e, kdy se po\u0159\u00e1daly pr\u016fvody \u017e\u00e1k\u016f. Jeliko\u017e v\u0161ak tyto pr\u016fvody obt\u011b\u017eovaly svou nev\u00e1zanost\u00ed a nezbednostmi, kter\u00e9 \u017e\u00e1ci prov\u00e1d\u011bli, tento zvyk pom\u011brn\u011b rychle zanikl a z\u016fstalo jen u dom\u00e1c\u00edch v\u00fdchovn\u00fdch test\u016f a \u0161leh\u00e1n\u00ed proutkem.<\/p>\n

Do jihoz\u00e1padn\u00edch \u010cech, a zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 do kraj\u016f s d\u0159\u00edve n\u011bmeck\u00fdm os\u00eddlen\u00edm, na Chebsko, Pl\u00e1nsko a Karlovarsko, zasahuje oby\u010dej ob\u0159adn\u00edho bit\u00ed zele\u00adn\u00fdm prutem na den Ml\u00e1\u010f\u00e1tek. Odli\u0161uje se term\u00ed\u00adnem od velikono\u010dn\u00ed poml\u00e1zky, ale shoduje se sv\u00fdm \u00fa\u010delem: mrskalo se toti\u017e pro zdrav\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Vrbov\u00e9 proutky se \u0159ezaly na den sv. Barbory, ponech\u00e1valy se na tepl\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b, aby vypu\u010dely, a ovazovaly se \u010dervenou stuhou. Mu\u017ei \u0161vihali \u017eeny vrbov\u00fdm prutem a d\u011bti sv\u00e9 rodi\u010de. Vypl\u00e1cen\u00e1 osoba se musela vykoupit pen\u011bzi nebo sladkou ko\u0159al\u00adkou.<\/p>\n

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Zdroj:<\/strong> Eva Ve\u010derkov\u00e1 \u2013 V\u011bra Frolcov\u00e1: Evropsk\u00e9 V\u00e1noce, TOUFAR, P. – \u010cesk\u00fd rok na vsi a ve m\u011bst\u011b. T\u0159eb\u00ed\u010d: Akcent, 2004<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

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  28. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":364987,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[111],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/26\/ram-o-svatku.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/332879"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=332879"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/332879\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":364988,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/332879\/revisions\/364988"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/364987"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=332879"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=332879"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=332879"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}