{"id":331751,"date":"2025-12-13T19:50:34","date_gmt":"2025-12-13T18:50:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=331751"},"modified":"2025-12-13T19:50:34","modified_gmt":"2025-12-13T18:50:34","slug":"stara-sumava-a-posumavi-adventni-medovina-zachutna-i-zahreje","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=331751","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA A PO\u0160UMAV\u00cd: Adventn\u00ed medovina zachutn\u00e1 i zah\u0159eje"},"content":{"rendered":"

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K V\u00e1noc\u016fm, nejkr\u00e1sn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm sv\u00e1tk\u016fm v roce pat\u0159\u00ed i v\u016fn\u011b. A co von\u00ed v\u00edc, ne\u017e h\u0159ejiv\u00e1 medovina? V\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed trhy jsou asi t\u00edm nep\u0159\u00edhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm m\u00edstem, kde lze v tomto p\u0159edv\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edm obdob\u00ed vyzkou\u0161et hork\u00e9 a tekut\u00e9 v\u010del\u00ed produkty. Ka\u017ed\u00fd z n\u00e1s jist\u011b alespo\u0148 jednou p\u0159ed v\u00e1nocemi na n\u011bkter\u00fd z nich vyraz\u00ed, koup\u00ed n\u011bjak\u00fd d\u00e1rek pro bl\u00edzk\u00e9 anebo se zah\u0159eje s p\u0159\u00e1teli hork\u00fdm n\u00e1pojem, a\u0165 to bude pun\u010d, sva\u0159\u00e1k \u010di medovina. Tis\u00edce litr\u016f medov\u00e9ho v\u00edna, nebo-li medoviny, vyto\u010d\u00ed v t\u011bchto p\u0159edv\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edch dnech st\u00e1nka\u0159i na v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edch trz\u00edch.<\/h6>\n

Pln\u00e9 \u017eejdl\u00edky medoviny, zp\u011bv, veselost a radost. Takhle si m\u016f\u017eete p\u0159edstavit pit\u00ed tohoto kva\u0161en\u00e9ho n\u00e1poje ve st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00fdch kr\u010dm\u00e1ch. Tradice trv\u00e1 dodnes, medovina je st\u00e1le velmi obl\u00edben\u00e1. Kdy\u017e si p\u0159ivon\u00edte a ochutn\u00e1te kvalitn\u00ed medovinu, m\u016f\u017eete si skute\u010dn\u011b p\u0159ipadat jako v r\u00e1ji. Asi i proto je podle legend medovina star\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e lidstvo samo. Z plna hrdla ji pili jako ambrozii u\u017e \u0159e\u010dt\u00ed bohov\u00e9 a ka\u017ed\u00e1 dal\u0161\u00ed civilizace.<\/p>\n

Jestli d\u00e1v\u00e1te p\u0159ednost fakt\u016fm p\u0159ed legendami, tak podle v\u011bdc\u016f byla medovina zn\u00e1m\u00e1 na africk\u00e9m kontinent\u011b u\u017e p\u0159ed 20 000 a\u017e 40 000 lety. Chytr\u00e9 v\u010dely si v obdob\u00ed sucha d\u011blaly hn\u00edzda v baobabech. P\u011bkn\u011b v nich skladovaly med. A kdy\u017e za\u010daly lij\u00e1ky, med se sm\u00edchal s vodou a p\u0159\u00edroda zajistila kva\u0161en\u00ed. Ejhle, prvn\u00ed alkoholick\u00fd n\u00e1poj spat\u0159il sv\u011btlo sv\u011bta i bez bo\u017esk\u00e9 pomoci. \u010clov\u011bku to neuniklo, vyzkou\u0161el, chutnalo. Tenhle dar p\u0159\u00edrody neodm\u00edtl a medovinu se postupem \u010dasu nau\u010dil vyr\u00e1b\u011bt s\u00e1m.<\/p>\n

Ve st\u0159edov\u011bku byla medovina symbolem hojnosti a bohatstv\u00ed. Ne ka\u017ed\u00fd si ji mohl dovolit, a tak se pila sp\u00ed\u0161e na dvorech. Byla tak v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e1, \u017ee se d\u00e1vala novoman\u017eel\u016fm v takov\u00e9 z\u00e1sob\u011b, aby jim oslazovala \u017eivot cel\u00fd m\u011bs\u00edc po svatb\u011b.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdroba medoviny podle Ottova slovn\u00edku nau\u010dn\u00e9ho:
\nMedovina neb medov\u00e9 v\u00edno jest zva\u0159en\u00e1 medov\u00e1 voda ko\u0159en\u00edm ses\u00edlen\u00e1, kter\u00e1 \u0159\u00e1dn\u00fdm vykys\u00e1n\u00edm a \u010dast\u00fdm p\u0159el\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00edm do sudu a kone\u010dn\u011b do l\u00e1hv\u00ed nabyla lahodn\u00e9 chuti v\u00ednu zcela podobn\u00e9. Po del\u0161\u00edm vyle\u017een\u00ed rovn\u00e1 se \u00fapln\u011b t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9mu \u010derven\u00e9mu v\u00ednu. L\u00e1hev takov\u00e9ho a\u017e 10 let vyle\u017eel\u00e9ho v\u00edna medov\u00e9ho prod\u00e1v\u00e1 se za 2 a\u017e i 20 korun.<\/p>\n

U\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed medoviny ve Velkomoravsk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161i zmi\u0148uj\u00ed shodn\u011b arabsk\u00fd cestovatel a obchodn\u00edk Ibn Rozteh a Per\u0161an Gurd\u00e9zi. Uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed, \u017ee n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed bohat\u00ed jedinci vlastnili i sto n\u00e1dob medoviny, kter\u00e1 byla ve zna\u010dn\u00e9m mno\u017estv\u00ed konzumov\u00e1na p\u0159i r\u016fzn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitostech, konkr\u00e9tn\u011b p\u0159i v\u00fdro\u010dn\u00edch shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00edch rodiny na uct\u011bn\u00ed pam\u00e1tky zem\u0159el\u00e9ho. Zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee medovina byla i u n\u00e1s v jist\u00e9 dob\u011b z\u00e1kladn\u00edm a nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00edm kva\u0161en\u00fdm n\u00e1pojem.<\/p>\n

V Dalimilov\u011b kronice se p\u00ed\u0161e o pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed staroslovansk\u00e9ho n\u00e1poje na\u0161imi p\u0159edky. \u010cesk\u00fd kn\u00ed\u017ee z rodu P\u0159emyslovc\u016f Sob\u011bslav I v roce 1130 provedl ur\u010dit\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed v kapitule Vy\u0161ehradsk\u00e9, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e ulo\u017eil probo\u0161tovi, aby kanovn\u00edk\u016fm byla \u201eka\u017ed\u00e9ho t\u00e9ho\u017edne\u201c d\u00e1na l\u00e1hev medoviny. Od t\u00e9 doby \u010detnost z\u00e1znam\u016f zmi\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edch konzumaci medoviny na\u0161imi p\u0159edky nar\u016fst\u00e1. Karel IV. zavedl n\u011bkolik speci\u00e1ln\u00edch opat\u0159en\u00ed pro obchod s medem zejm\u00e9na celn\u00edho a da\u0148ov\u00e9ho charakteru. Je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed husitsk\u00fdmi v\u00e1lkami bylo mo\u017eno hledat ob\u010derstven\u00ed u kr\u010dm\u00e1\u0159\u016f troj\u00edho druhu: u v\u00edna\u0159e, \u0161enk\u00e9\u0159e piva nebo u \u0161enk\u00e9\u0159e medu.<\/p>\n

Ze star\u00fdch letopis\u016f v\u00edme, \u017ee v roce 1640 bylo v Chebu v provozu t\u0159in\u00e1ct sklep\u016f na v\u00fdrobu medoviny a m\u011bsto se tak \u0159adilo k nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edm a nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm produk\u010dn\u00edm oblastem t\u00e9 doby. V roce 1504 se v Praze nach\u00e1zeli pouze dva meda\u0159i a od t\u00e9 doby v \u010cech\u00e1ch nast\u00e1v\u00e1 \u00fapadek medoviny. Snad naposledy je ve ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 listin\u011b v na\u0161ich zem\u00ed medovina zmi\u0148ov\u00e1na v listu Ferdinanda II., kter\u00fdm r. 1626 potvrzuje majiteli domu u Plat\u00fdze v Praze d\u011bdi\u010dnou v\u00fdsadu k \u0161enkov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00edn i v\u0161eljak\u00fdch piv a med\u016f p\u0159es cel\u00fd rok k pohodl\u00ed lidsk\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n

Siln\u00e1 pozice medoviny ve St\u0159edn\u00ed Evrop\u011b v\u0161ak za\u010dala b\u011bhem st\u0159edov\u011bku sl\u00e1bnout. D\u016fvody byly hned dva. Velk\u00fd vliv na to m\u011blo oteplen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 p\u0159inesla m\u00edrn\u00e1 zm\u011bna klimatu. P\u011bstovat vinnou r\u00e9vu se tak dalo i v n\u011bkter\u00fdch regionech St\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy. B\u011bhem 12. stolet\u00ed tak\u00e9 vzrostl obchod s muslimsk\u00fdm sv\u011btem, kter\u00fd p\u0159inesl do na\u0161ich kon\u010din prvn\u00ed destil\u00e1ty. Oboj\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b zp\u016fsobilo odklon od obl\u00edben\u00e9 medoviny, kter\u00fd se nejv\u00edce projevil b\u011bhem 14. stolet\u00ed. A od t\u00e9 doby se medovina u\u017e nevzpamatovala.<\/p>\n

D\u016fvody, pro\u010d do\u0161lo k hlubok\u00e9 recesi, kter\u00e1 prakticky v cel\u00e9 Evrop\u011b vedla k tomu, \u017ee tento n\u00e1poj se postupn\u011b vytratil z podv\u011bdom\u00ed, jsou interpretov\u00e1ny r\u016fzn\u011b. Jeden z n\u00e1zor\u016f je, \u017ee recese v\u00fdroby medoviny v 18. a 19. stolet\u00ed mohla b\u00fdt v\u00fdsledkem nedostatku medu a n\u00e1sledkem toho n\u00e1r\u016fstu ceny medu. Odklon od konzumace medoviny pr\u00fd zp\u016fsobil tak\u00e9 n\u00e1r\u016fst popt\u00e1vky po sladk\u00fdch v\u00ednech. Jako dal\u0161\u00ed d\u016fvod \u00fapadku medoviny byla nevyrovnan\u00e1 jakost medoviny. Dodavatel jednou dodal medovinu vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed chuti a jakosti, jindy byla jakosti pod\u0159adn\u00e9. V\u00fdroba medoviny je toti\u017e technologicky daleko choulostiv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e je tomu u jin\u00fdch kva\u0161en\u00fdch n\u00e1poj\u016f, nap\u0159. v\u00edna \u010di piva.<\/p>\n

Pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed rozvoj vina\u0159stv\u00ed, pivovarnictv\u00ed a lihovarnictv\u00ed zatla\u010doval v\u00fdrobu medoviny d\u00e1le na okraj konzument\u016f i v\u00fdrobc\u016f. Ekonomick\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka v tomto konkuren\u010dn\u00edm procesu jist\u011b hr\u00e1la zcela z\u00e1sadn\u00ed \u00falohu. V\u00fdroba v\u00edn, piva \u010di destil\u00e1t\u016f se z\u0159ejm\u011b uk\u00e1zala technologicky m\u00e9n\u011b choulostiv\u00e1 a ekonomicky m\u00e9n\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong>
\nFoto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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