{"id":330988,"date":"2025-11-25T22:14:27","date_gmt":"2025-11-25T21:14:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=330988"},"modified":"2025-11-25T22:15:07","modified_gmt":"2025-11-25T21:15:07","slug":"z-archivu-a-kronik-o-case-adventnim","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=330988","title":{"rendered":"Z ARCHIV\u016e A KRONIK: O \u010dase adventn\u00edm"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Plam\u00ednek prvn\u00ed sv\u00ed\u010dky na adventn\u00edm v\u011bnci oznamuje za\u010d\u00e1tek nov\u00e9ho liturgick\u00e9ho roku a tak\u00e9 jeho prvn\u00edho obdob\u00ed: \u010dek\u00e1n\u00ed na V\u00e1noce. Ka\u017edou ze \u010dty\u0159 adventn\u00edch ned\u011bl\u00ed se na v\u011bnci zapaluje o jednu sv\u00ed\u010dku nav\u00edc. A\u017e se rozho\u0159\u00ed v\u0161echny \u010dty\u0159i, bude bl\u00edzko \u0160t\u011bdr\u00fd ve\u010der! Latinsk\u00e9 slovo \u201eadvent\u201c znamen\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edchod. T\u011b\u0161\u00edme se toti\u017e z toho, \u017ee Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161 p\u0159i\u0161el na sv\u011bt a narodil se v Betl\u00e9m\u011b \u2013 aby si B\u016fh a lid\u00e9 mohli b\u00fdt bl\u00edzko; t\u011b\u0161\u00edme se tak\u00e9, \u017ee p\u0159ijde podruh\u00e9, na konci \u010das\u016f a s velkou silou \u2013 aby obnovil cel\u00fd sv\u011bt do Bo\u017e\u00ed kr\u00e1sy.<\/h6>\n

Advent se ohla\u0161oval t\u00edm, \u017ee do ulic v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch m\u011bst vyr\u00e1\u017eeli prvn\u00ed pouli\u010dn\u00ed prodejci. Se sv\u00fdmi poj\u00edzdn\u00fdmi kam\u00ednky tu byli prodava\u010di pe\u010den\u00fdch ka\u0161tan\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed prod\u00e1vali i tepl\u00e9 brambory. Mnoz\u00ed pam\u011btn\u00edci vzpom\u00ednaj\u00ed, \u017ee u\u017e v dob\u011b p\u0159ed adventem bylo sn\u011bhu po kotn\u00edky. O \u010distotu ulic se starali tzv. meta\u0159i. Byli to star\u0161\u00ed p\u00e1nov\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed si s t\u00edm hlavu moc nel\u00e1mali. Vzali smet\u00e1ky, a odhrnuli sn\u00edh jen zprost\u0159edka ulice. Pokud bylo opravdu hodn\u011b sn\u011bhu, tak vznikaly obrovsk\u00e9 hromady. A pokud m\u011bly d\u00e1my dlouh\u00e9 sukn\u011b, tak m\u011bly co d\u011blat. Nav\u00edc v t\u00e9 dob\u011b p\u0159ij\u00ed\u017ed\u011bli na v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed trhy prodejci, i ti m\u011bli se sv\u00fdmi voz\u00edky probl\u00e9m projet po zasn\u011b\u017een\u00fdch ulic\u00edch.<\/p>\n

Adventn\u00edm obdob\u00ed je p\u0159\u00edprava na V\u00e1noce, jedny z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00fdch sv\u00e1tk\u016f. Obl\u00edben\u00e9 adventn\u00ed oslavy jsou nejstar\u0161\u00edmi c\u00edrkevn\u00edmi sv\u00e1tky. Poprv\u00e9 byly dolo\u017eeny u\u017e ve \u010dtvrt\u00e9m stolet\u00ed na \u00fazem\u00ed dne\u0161n\u00edho \u0160pan\u011blska a maj\u00ed pohybliv\u00fd term\u00edn. Od 5. stolet\u00ed vn\u00edmali advent jako p\u0159\u00edpravu na sv\u00e1tky Narozen\u00ed P\u00e1n\u011b. Zpo\u010d\u00e1tku se p\u0159\u00edchod Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e Krista slavil \u0161est adventn\u00edch ned\u011bl\u00ed a od 11. stolet\u00ed \u010dty\u0159i adventn\u00ed ned\u011ble. D\u0159\u00edve c\u00edrkev cht\u011bla v adventn\u00edm obdob\u00ed zachovat v\u00e1\u017enost a pokorn\u00fd klid. Nekonaly se svatby ani tane\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1bavy.<\/p>\n

Bylo to obdob\u00ed n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch ob\u0159ad\u016f, rozj\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed, ticha a st\u0159\u00eddmosti v j\u00eddle. Nedodr\u017eovalo se to v\u0161ak v\u017edy striktn\u011b. P\u0159eci jen pr\u00e1ce na poli vyst\u0159\u00eddala pr\u00e1ci doma, kterou si prost\u00fd lid cht\u011bl n\u011bjak zpest\u0159it. P\u0159i p\u0159eden\u00ed, pleten\u00ed, \u0161it\u00ed, dran\u00ed pe\u0159\u00ed,\u2026 se mnoho lid\u00ed sch\u00e1zelo v chalup\u00e1ch a u pr\u00e1ce se hojn\u011b bavilo, zp\u00edvalo, jedlo, pilo\u2026 To bylo trnem v oku c\u00edrkevn\u00edm hodnost\u00e1\u0159\u016fm. C\u00edrkevn\u00ed poj\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed adventu se sv\u00fdmi zvyky se m\u00edsilo s pohansk\u00fdm vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00edm.<\/p>\n

Liturgickou nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed postavou adventu je Jan K\u0159titel, posledn\u00ed prorok Star\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona, kter\u00fd byl bezprost\u0159edn\u00edm p\u0159edch\u016fdcem Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e a na jeho p\u0159\u00edchod p\u0159ipravoval sou\u010dasn\u00edky. Adventn\u00ed liturgii by p\u0159ece jenom n\u011bco chyb\u011blo, kdyby nem\u011bla \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 pozad\u00ed, kter\u00e9 vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 oby\u010deje. Ty jsou spojovan\u00e9 se sv\u011btci. S adventem souvis\u00ed sv\u00e1tek svat\u00e9ho Martina, i kdy\u017e se slav\u00ed dlouho p\u0159ed za\u010d\u00e1tkem adventn\u00ed doby. Podobn\u011b se to m\u00e1 se sv\u00e1tkem sv. Kate\u0159iny nebo Ond\u0159eje. V dob\u011b adventn\u00ed hraj\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eitou roli sv. Barbora, sv. Mikul\u00e1\u0161 a sv. Lucie.<\/p>\n

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Zdroj:<\/strong> Weihnachten tief drin im B\u00f6hmerwald, s. 8 Anton Sika, autor p\u0159eklad\u016f a \u010desk\u00fdch text\u016f Jan Mare\u0161, elektronick\u00e1 verze Ivo Kare\u0161, Jiho\u010desk\u00e1 v\u011bdeck\u00e1 knihovna v \u010cesk\u00fdch Bud\u011bjovic\u00edch<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

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