{"id":330982,"date":"2025-12-03T20:43:51","date_gmt":"2025-12-03T19:43:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=330982"},"modified":"2025-12-04T17:49:26","modified_gmt":"2025-12-04T16:49:26","slug":"z-archivu-a-kronik-tajemstvi-svatku-svate-barbory","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=330982","title":{"rendered":"Z ARCHIV\u016e A KRONIK: Tajemstv\u00ed sv\u00e1tku svat\u00e9 Barbory"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Kdopak z V\u00e1s dnes brzy za rozb\u0159esku spat\u0159il, jak Barborky jedna za druhou sla\u0148uj\u00ed od nebesk\u00e9 br\u00e1ny na Zemi? Jen jedenkr\u00e1t ro\u010dn\u011b o jejich sv\u00e1tku je svat\u00fd Petr spou\u0161t\u00ed k zemi, aby hodn\u00e9 pot\u011b\u0161ily a zl\u00e9 napomenuly. Leckomu naplnily pun\u010dochu za oknem, jin\u00e9 obdarovaly p\u0159i n\u00e1hodn\u00e9m setk\u00e1n\u00ed nebo jen radostn\u011b zazp\u00edvaly.<\/h6>\n

\u0158ekne-li se svat\u00e1 Barbora, mlad\u0161\u00ed ro\u010dn\u00edky snad v pam\u011bti vylov\u00ed spojen\u00ed s barborkami a vybav\u00ed se jim v t\u00e9to souvislosti adventn\u00ed obdob\u00ed. D\u0159\u00edve narozen\u00ed \u010dten\u00e1\u0159i si jist\u011b vzpomenou, \u017ee sv\u00e1tek svat\u00e9 Barbory si p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1me 4. prosince a \u017ee tato sv\u011btice je uct\u00edvanou patronkou mnoh\u00fdch \u0159emesel a nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u017ee je jej\u00ed patron\u00e1t nad horn\u00edky. A \u2013 ani\u017e bychom cht\u011bli publikum na\u0161eho magaz\u00ednu podce\u0148ovat \u2013 p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1me, \u017ee jen v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00ed znalci lidov\u00fdch tradic budou v\u011bd\u011bt, \u017ee sv\u00e1tek svat\u00e9 Barbory kdysi nebyl spojen\u00fd jen s na\u0159ez\u00e1n\u00edm v\u011btvi\u010dek, n\u00fdbr\u017e i s dal\u0161\u00edmi zvyky, kter\u00e9 se v\u0161ak bu\u010f z pov\u011bdom\u00ed \u00fapln\u011b vytratily nebo je pohltil jin\u00fd prosincov\u00fd, o dva dny pozd\u011bji p\u0159ipom\u00ednan\u00fd sv\u00e1tek \u2013 mikul\u00e1\u0161sk\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Prvn\u00ed z adventn\u00edch postav byla svat\u00e1 Barbora. \u201cBarborky\u201d chod\u00ed po staven\u00edch v p\u0159edve\u010der 4. prosince. \u201eBarbora m\u011bla za \u00fakol jak\u00fdmsi zp\u016fsobem p\u0159ipravit d\u011bti na Mikul\u00e1\u0161e a drobn\u00fdmi d\u00e1rky navodit atmosf\u00e9ru poklidu. Nad\u011blovaly v\u011bt\u0161inou bonb\u00f3ny, nem\u011bly toti\u017e v \u00famyslu d\u011bti vystra\u0161it.\u201d<\/p>\n

Tento den m\u00e1me spojen\u00fd s \u0159ez\u00e1n\u00edm t\u0159e\u0161\u0148ov\u00fdch v\u011btvi\u010dek, kter\u00e9 si aran\u017eujeme do v\u00e1zy, aby n\u00e1m na V\u00e1noce kr\u00e1sn\u011b vykvetly. Kde se ale vzala tato tradice a co to jsou barborky? Velmi starou tradic\u00ed je \u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed t\u0159e\u0161\u0148ov\u00fdch v\u011btvi\u010dek pr\u00e1v\u011b 4. prosince. D\u0159\u00edve si do v\u00e1zy s vodou trhala v\u011btvi\u010dky svobodn\u00e1 d\u011bv\u010data, kter\u00e1 pom\u00fd\u0161lela na vdavky. Komu do V\u00e1noc barborka vykvete, ten se v p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edm roce vd\u00e1, tak prav\u00ed star\u00e1 pov\u011bra. Mlad\u00e9 d\u00edvky pov\u011br\u00e1m v\u011b\u0159ily, a aby kv\u011bt\u016fm pomohly, klad\u00edvkem naru\u0161ovaly konce v\u011btvi\u010dek a ty tak mohly l\u00e9pe p\u0159ij\u00edmat vl\u00e1hu. V n\u011bkter\u00fdch kraj\u00edch dokonce d\u00edvky v\u011b\u0161ely na t\u0159e\u0161\u0148ov\u00e9 v\u011btvi\u010dky stu\u017eky se jm\u00e9ny chlapc\u016f. Kter\u00e1 vykvetla jako prvn\u00ed, oznamovala jm\u00e9no vyvolen\u00e9ho. Kv\u00edtek z barborky ukryt\u00fd za \u0161n\u011brova\u010dkou m\u011bl zase p\u0159iv\u00e1bit hocha, kter\u00e9ho d\u011bv\u010de nosilo v srdci. V\u011b\u0159ilo se tak\u00e9, \u017ee d\u00edvce, je\u017e u\u017e nen\u00ed pannou, v\u011btvi\u010dky nevykvetou, proto n\u011bkter\u00e9 d\u00edvky barborky rad\u011bji schov\u00e1valy.<\/p>\n

A\u017e do 19. stolet\u00ed byl udr\u017eov\u00e1n zvyk, kdy v den svat\u00e9 Barbory nebo v p\u0159edve\u010der tohoto sv\u00e1tku chod\u00edvaly p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm svobodn\u00e9 \u017eeny p\u0159evle\u010den\u00e9 za Barborky. Chozen\u00ed Barborek spo\u010d\u00edvalo tedy ve ve\u010dern\u00edch obch\u016fzk\u00e1ch po staven\u00edch, kdy skupina nej\u010dast\u011bji t\u0159\u00ed a\u017e \u0161esti d\u00edvek v kost\u00fdmech Barborky chodila za d\u011btmi. Jedna z d\u011bv\u010dat m\u011bla zvone\u010dek, kter\u00fdm zvonila, aby se o nich dob\u0159e v\u011bd\u011blo. Dal\u0161\u00ed z nich pak na dlouh\u00e9 ty\u010di nosila vydlabanou tykev s vy\u0159ezan\u00fdm obli\u010dejem a sv\u00ed\u010dkou uvnit\u0159. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 z Barborek m\u011bla p\u0159i sob\u011b metli. P\u0159i p\u0159\u00edchodu k dom\u00e1cnostem, nejprve p\u0159istr\u010dily ty\u010d s tykv\u00ed k oknu, do n\u011bho\u017e tloukly metlou. Chodily za d\u011btmi, aby zjistily, jestli se um\u00ed modlit, jsou spr\u00e1vn\u011b vychovan\u00e9 a nezlob\u00ed rodi\u010de. Hodn\u00e9 d\u011bti podarovaly drobn\u00fdmi cukrovinkami, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad o\u0159echy nebo su\u0161en\u00fdm ovocem. Ty zlobiv\u00e9, kter\u00e9 neposlouchaly rodi\u010de a nemodlily se, vy\u0161lehaly metlou.<\/p>\n

P\u0159i prvn\u00edm kontaktu s d\u011btmi Barborky ihned zvolaly: \u201eModli se, modli se!\u201c, tedy pokyn, aby d\u011bti p\u0159edvedly, \u017ee se um\u00ed modlit. Zaj\u00edmavost\u00ed je, \u017ee ono zvol\u00e1n\u00ed se \u010dasem zkomolilo a vzniklo mo\u017en\u00e1 dnes i v\u00edce zn\u00e1m\u00e9 \u201eMulisi, mulisi!\u201c. Krom tohoto zvol\u00e1n\u00ed, Barborky t\u00e9\u017e p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edchodu pravily b\u00e1se\u0148. Jako typick\u00fd p\u0159\u00edklad jedn\u00e9 z nich si uve\u010fme z publikace V\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed zvyky a oby\u010deje na\u0161\u00ed babi\u010dky: \u201eMy t\u0159i Barborky jsme, z dalek\u00e9 krajiny jdeme a d\u00e1rky v\u00e1m neseme. Neseme, neseme, velice to kr\u00e1sn\u00e9, kdo se modlit bude, tomu je d\u00e1me, a kdo nebude, tomu hodn\u011b nalup\u00e1me. Postupem \u010dasu samotn\u00e9 chozen\u00ed Barborek opadlo, ale m\u00edsty se zachoval je\u0161t\u011b zvyk v t\u00e9 podob\u011b, \u017ee d\u011bti si d\u00e1valy ve\u010der za okna tal\u00ed\u0159e a pot\u00e9 na sv\u00e1tek sv. Barbory v nich nach\u00e1zely nad\u00edlku.<\/p>\n

Pod\u00edvejte se spole\u010dn\u011b s n\u00e1mi, jak to se svatou Barborou vlastn\u011b bylo… Barbora \u017eila na p\u0159elomu 3. a 4. stolet\u00ed v Nikom\u00e9dii. Byla dcerou bohat\u00e9ho kupce Dioskura, odp\u016frce k\u0159es\u0165an\u016f. Jen\u017ee Barbora se zasl\u00edbila Kristu, byla tajn\u011b pok\u0159t\u011bna. Nav\u00edc se pak odm\u00edtla provdat za mu\u017ee, kter\u00e9ho j\u00ed otec vybral. Dioskuros dceru udal soudci a ten ji nechal mu\u010dit a zab\u00edt. St\u011bt\u00ed hlavy se ujal s\u00e1m Barbo\u0159in otec. Dnes je svat\u00e1 Barbora patronkou mnoha profes\u00ed, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm horn\u00edk\u016f, ale tak\u00e9 pokr\u00fdva\u010d\u016f, tesa\u0159\u016f, architekt\u016f \u010di kucha\u0159\u016f. Podle legendy ze 7. stolet\u00ed je rovn\u011b\u017e patronkou t\u00fdran\u00fdch a opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed. U n\u00e1s je Barbo\u0159e zasv\u011bceno n\u011bkolik kostel\u016f, t\u00edm nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm je kutnohorsk\u00fd chr\u00e1m sv. Barbory.<\/p>\n

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Zdroj:<\/strong> EKERT, Franti\u0161ek. C\u00edrkev v\u00edt\u011bzn\u00e1: \u017eivoty Svat\u00fdch a Sv\u011btic Bo\u017e\u00edch. 4. svazek. V Praze: N\u00e1kladem D\u011bdictv\u00ed sv. Jana Nepomuck\u00e9ho, 1899. Ott\u016fv slovn\u00edk nau\u010dn\u00fd: illustrovan\u00e1 encyklopaedie obecn\u00fdch v\u011bdomost\u00ed. 3. d\u00edl. V Praze: J. Otto, 1890. 946 s. [Heslo \u201eBarbora svat\u00e1” na str. 299.] Z\u00cdBRT, \u010cen\u011bk. Den se kr\u00e1t\u00ed, noc se dlou\u017e\u00ed … Praha: \u0160im\u00e1\u010dek, 1910<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K1US ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

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  Kdopak <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":363484,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[74],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/03\/Desktop533.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/330982"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=330982"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/330982\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":362889,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/330982\/revisions\/362889"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/363484"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=330982"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=330982"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=330982"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}