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U n\u011bkter\u00fdch typ\u016f onemocn\u011bn\u00ed to skute\u010dn\u011b lze. Jedn\u00e1 se konkr\u00e9tn\u011b o o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed proti lidsk\u00e9mu papilomaviru (HPV), kter\u00fd se \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm intimn\u00edm kontaktem.\u00a0<\/b>V\u011bt\u0161ina z\u00a0HPV vir\u016f nezp\u016fsobuje rakovinu, ale n\u011bkter\u00e9 typy jsou vysoce onkogenn\u00ed, co\u017e naopak znamen\u00e1, \u017ee mohou m\u00edt za n\u00e1sledek nap\u0159\u00edklad rakovinu d\u011blo\u017en\u00edho \u010d\u00edpku, ale i dal\u0161\u00ed typy rakovin, jako je rakovina penisu, kone\u010dn\u00edku nebo hltanu.\u00a0O\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed je \u00fa\u010dinnou prevenc\u00ed p\u0159ed HPV viry a m\u00e1 smysl u d\u011bt\u00ed, \u017een i mu\u017e\u016f.<\/b>\u00a0Nej\u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ochranu poskytuje, pokud je vakc\u00edna pod\u00e1na p\u0159ed zah\u00e1jen\u00edm sexu\u00e1ln\u00ed aktivity, ale pom\u00e1h\u00e1 p\u0159ed virem HPV chr\u00e1nit i pozd\u011bji v dosp\u011blosti.<\/b><\/p>\nPro\u010d se nechat o\u010dkovat?<\/b><\/h6>\n
HPV viry jsou \u010dast\u00e9 a b\u011bhem \u017eivota se s\u00a0nimi setk\u00e1 a\u017e 80 % populace. Infekce mnohdy prob\u00edh\u00e1 bez viditeln\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee naka\u017een\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk m\u016f\u017ee nev\u011bdomky virus p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161et na jin\u00e9.\u00a0Vakcinace m\u016f\u017ee poskytnout ochranu proti infekci a jej\u00edm n\u00e1sledk\u016fm, a to i v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee osoba ji\u017e byla virem HPV infikov\u00e1na<\/b>. V\u00a0takov\u00e9 situaci vakc\u00edna chr\u00e1n\u00ed proti t\u011bm typ\u016fm viru HPV, s nimi\u017e osoba dosud nep\u0159i\u0161la do kontaktu. Proto je tak\u00e9 o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed doporu\u010deno mj. i \u017een\u00e1m s diagnostikovanou prekancer\u00f3zou d\u011blo\u017en\u00edho hrdla, kter\u00e9 z tohoto d\u016fvodu podstoupily konizaci d\u011blo\u017en\u00edho \u010d\u00edpku.<\/b><\/p>\nKdo prov\u00e1d\u00ed o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed proti viru HPV a jak o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed prob\u00edh\u00e1?<\/b><\/h6>\n
O\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed proti viru HPV m\u016f\u017ee prov\u00e1d\u011bt ka\u017ed\u00fd\u00a0praktick\u00fd l\u00e9ka\u0159 nebo gynekolog<\/b>. U d\u011bt\u00ed a mladistv\u00fdch zaji\u0161\u0165uje o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed\u00a0registruj\u00edc\u00ed praktick\u00fd l\u00e9ka\u0159 pro d\u011bti a dorost nebo v\u0161eobecn\u00fd praktick\u00fd l\u00e9ka\u0159<\/b>. \u017deny a d\u00edvky se mohou nechat o\u010dkovat u sv\u00e9ho o\u0161et\u0159uj\u00edc\u00edho\u00a0gynekologa<\/b>. Dal\u0161\u00ed mo\u017enost\u00ed jsou\u00a0o\u010dkovac\u00ed centra<\/b>, kter\u00e1 se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed zejm\u00e9na ve v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch m\u011bstech.<\/p>\n
O\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed proti lidsk\u00e9mu papilomaviru (HPV) se prov\u00e1d\u00ed ve form\u011b injekc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se obvykle aplikuj\u00ed do svalu na pa\u017ei.<\/b>\u00a0Vakc\u00edna je pod\u00e1v\u00e1na ve dvou nebo t\u0159ech d\u00e1vk\u00e1ch v z\u00e1vislosti na v\u011bku o\u010dkovan\u00e9 osoby. U d\u011bt\u00ed ve v\u011bku 11 a\u017e 15 let se obvykle pod\u00e1vaj\u00ed dv\u011b d\u00e1vky s odstupem nejm\u00e9n\u011b p\u011bti m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f. Pokud je o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed zah\u00e1jeno ve vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm v\u011bku (15 a v\u00edce let), je doporu\u010dena s\u00e9rie t\u0159\u00ed d\u00e1vek b\u011bhem 6 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f, aby byla zaji\u0161t\u011bna co nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ochrana.\u00a0<\/b>V\u00a0tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b si v\u0161ak t\u0159et\u00ed d\u00e1vku mus\u00ed uhradit poji\u0161t\u011bnec s\u00e1m, pln\u011b hrazeny jsou pouze dv\u011b d\u00e1vky o\u010dkovac\u00ed l\u00e1tky.<\/p>\nKomu je hrazeno o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed proti HPV z\u00a0ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdravotn\u00edho poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed?<\/b><\/h6>\n
O\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed proti lidsk\u00e9mu papilomaviru (HPV) je pln\u011b hrazeno z\u00a0prost\u0159edk\u016f ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdravotn\u00edho poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed d\u011btem ve v\u011bku od 11 let do dovr\u0161en\u00ed 15 let.<\/b>\u00a0Od roku 2022 je hrazeno i v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b p\u0159ekro\u010den\u00ed v\u011bkov\u00e9 hranice 15 let,\u00a0pokud do\u0161lo k odlo\u017een\u00ed aplikace jedn\u00e9 nebo v\u00edce d\u00e1vek z d\u016fvodu nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9ho zdravotn\u00edho stavu poji\u0161t\u011bnce.\u00a0Ostatn\u00ed d\u011bti do 18 let a dosp\u011bl\u00ed si hrad\u00ed o\u010dkovac\u00ed l\u00e1tku a jej\u00ed pod\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo v re\u017eimu samopl\u00e1tce, mohou ale od VZP z\u00edskat\u00a0<\/b>p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek<\/b><\/a> na o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed proti viru HPV\u00a0<\/b>z fondu prevence ve v\u00fd\u0161i a\u017e 1 500 K\u010d<\/b>.<\/p>\n V\u00a0r\u00e1mci screeningov\u00e9ho programu karcinomu d\u011blo\u017en\u00edho \u010d\u00edpku u gynekologa je zahrnuto jednou za\u00a0rok proveden\u00ed onkologick\u00e9 cytologie. D\u00e1le se\u00a0<\/strong>doporu\u010duje absolvovat screening d\u011blo\u017en\u00edho hrdla v\u010detn\u011b vysoce v\u00fdkonn\u00e9ho HPV DNA testu t\u0159ikr\u00e1t za \u017eivot (ve v\u011bku 35, 45 a 55 let).<\/p>\n Pokud je test pozitivn\u00ed, nen\u00ed d\u016fvod k panice, v\u00fdsledek m\u016f\u017ee l\u00e9ka\u0159e pouze upozornit na zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 riziko. Naopak u pacientek s negativn\u00edm v\u00fdsledkem je pravd\u011bpodobnost vzniku n\u00e1doru v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch letech velmi n\u00edzk\u00e1. Ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u00ed cytologick\u00e9 vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed (nebo i \u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pot\u0159eby) a PCR vy\u0161et\u0159en na HPV DNA 3x za \u017eivot v\u00a0uveden\u00fdch intervalech je pln\u011b hrazeno z ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdravotn\u00edho poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 se chr\u00e1nit p\u0159ed dal\u0161\u00edm p\u0159enosem viru HPV (nap\u0159\u00edklad pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm kondomu p\u0159i styku s nov\u00fdm partnerem), minimalizovat v\u0161echny rizikov\u00e9 faktory podporuj\u00edc\u00ed jeho p\u0159etrv\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0t\u011ble, tedy nekou\u0159it, db\u00e1t na intimn\u00ed hygienu, d\u016fsledn\u011b l\u00e9\u010dit gynekologick\u00e9 z\u00e1n\u011bty a samoz\u0159ejm\u011b pravideln\u011b absolvovat gynekologick\u00e1 vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed.<\/b><\/p>\n (vzp)<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" OT\u00c1ZKA: Je <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":322922,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[88],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/23\/ram-vzp.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/322919"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=322919"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/322919\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":322923,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/322919\/revisions\/322923"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/322922"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=322919"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=322919"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=322919"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}Prevence proti viru HPV<\/b><\/h6>\n
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