{"id":309816,"date":"2024-06-05T18:38:30","date_gmt":"2024-06-05T17:38:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=309816"},"modified":"2024-06-05T18:40:41","modified_gmt":"2024-06-05T17:40:41","slug":"sumava-tlejici-drevo-v-zasahovych-oblastech-narodniho-parku-zustava-ho-tam-az-50-kubiku-na-hektaru","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=309816","title":{"rendered":"\u0160UMAVA: Tlej\u00edc\u00ed d\u0159evo v z\u00e1sahov\u00fdch oblastech n\u00e1rodn\u00edho parku \u2013 z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 ho tam i 50 m3 na hektaru"},"content":{"rendered":"
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V\u00fdvraty, pah\u00fdly, ale i cel\u00e9 sou\u0161e jsou d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pro lesn\u00ed ekosyst\u00e9my. Foto Jan Dvo\u0159\u00e1k<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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Ponech\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed tlej\u00edc\u00edho d\u0159eva v les\u00edch nen\u00ed jen v\u00fdsadou bezz\u00e1sahov\u00fdch z\u00f3n \u00fazem\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00edho parku \u0160umava. Ty se aktu\u00e1ln\u011b rozkl\u00e1daj\u00ed na zhruba 43 procentech rozlohy parku. Na v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b plochy N\u00e1rodn\u00edho parku \u0160umava se tak v sou\u010dasnosti zasahuje a proto je o to v\u00edce d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 ponech\u00e1vat ur\u010dit\u00fd objem d\u0159evn\u00ed hmoty v lesn\u00edch porostech.<\/h6>\n

\"\"Ponech\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed tlej\u00edc\u00edho d\u0159eva v z\u00e1sahov\u00fdch oblastech nen\u00ed na \u00fazem\u00ed N\u00e1rodn\u00edho parku \u0160umava \u017e\u00e1dnou novinkou. C\u00edlen\u011b se ponech\u00e1vala \u010d\u00e1st d\u0159evn\u00ed hmoty u\u017e p\u0159ed \u010dtvrt stolet\u00edm, tedy jen n\u011bkolik m\u00e1lo let po vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00edho parku.<\/p>\n

\u201eZa\u010dalo se t\u00edm, \u017ee se p\u0159estaly t\u011b\u017eit jin\u00e9 stromy, ne\u017e smrky. V porostech z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed borovice, jedle a v\u0161echny listnat\u00e9 d\u0159evin na do\u017eit\u00ed. Ty dopl\u0148uje ur\u010dit\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed smrkov\u00e9ho d\u0159eva. Za\u010d\u00ednali jsme t\u00edm, \u017ee se smrkov\u00e9 d\u0159\u00edv\u00ed odkor\u0148ovalo. V t\u00e9to praxi pokra\u010dujeme a to i v jin\u00fdch, inovativn\u00edch form\u00e1ch, jako je t\u0159eba tak zvan\u00e9 dr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00e1n\u00ed. D\u00e1le pak ponech\u00e1v\u00e1me \u010d\u00e1st d\u0159\u00edv\u00ed v p\u0159irozen\u00e9 form\u011b a to prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm pah\u00fdl\u016f, v\u00fdvratov\u00fdch kol\u00e1\u010d\u016f a nevykl\u00edz\u00edme tenk\u00e9 d\u0159\u00edv\u00ed, to znamen\u00e1 \u0161pi\u010dky nebo v\u011btv\u011b,\u201c<\/em> vysv\u011btluje n\u00e1m\u011bstek \u0159editele Spr\u00e1vy N\u00e1rodn\u00edho parku \u0160umava Jan Kozel.<\/p>\n

Zmi\u0148ovan\u00e9 \u201etenk\u00e9 d\u0159\u00edv\u00ed\u201c se nav\u00edc nech\u00e1v\u00e1 v absolutn\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f v p\u0159irozen\u00e9 form\u011b zetl\u00edt, tedy neshazuje se na hromady \u2013 pouze ve v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech tam, kde je nutn\u00e9 podpo\u0159it nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159irozenou obnovu buk\u016f, nebo jedl\u00ed. Lesn\u00edci v z\u00e1sahov\u00fdch lokalit\u00e1ch \u0161umavsk\u00fdch les\u016f ponech\u00e1vaj\u00ed tlej\u00edc\u00ed d\u0159evo tak, \u017ee ho z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 v pr\u016fm\u011bru pades\u00e1t metr\u016f krychlov\u00fdch na hektar a to v r\u016fzn\u00fdch form\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

\u201ePonech\u00e1vat v lese jen v\u011btv\u011b nebo \u0161pi\u010dky strom\u016f nesta\u010d\u00ed. Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 ponech\u00e1vat v les\u00edch rozmanit\u00e9 tlou\u0161\u0165ky, v\u010detn\u011b toho nejtlust\u0161\u00edho d\u0159eva, kter\u00e9 je z pohledu druhov\u00e9 pestrosti nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 je nutn\u00e9, aby d\u0159evo bylo rozpt\u00fdlen\u00e9 po plo\u0161e a aby postupn\u011b p\u0159ib\u00fdvalo. Nen\u00ed toti\u017e c\u00edlem ponech\u00e1vat okam\u017eit\u011b 50 metr\u016f krychlov\u00fdch na jednom hektaru, ale postupn\u011b, p\u0159i ka\u017ed\u00e9 t\u011b\u017eb\u011b nechat \u010d\u00e1st vhodn\u00e9ho d\u0159eva,\u201c<\/em> zmi\u0148uje Jan Kozel.<\/p>\n

P\u0159i ka\u017ed\u00e9m lesnick\u00e9m z\u00e1sahu se na m\u00edst\u011b ponech\u00e1 ur\u010dit\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st d\u0159evn\u00ed hmoty tak, aby se doplnilo \u010derstv\u011b odum\u0159el\u00e9 d\u0159evo. Organizmy, kter\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed f\u00e1zi rozkladu, tak maj\u00ed kde p\u0159e\u017e\u00edvat. D\u00edky tomu se i v z\u00e1sahov\u00fdch oblastech vyskytuje d\u0159evo v r\u016fzn\u00fdch form\u00e1ch tlen\u00ed, od \u010derstv\u00e9ho a\u017e po to, kter\u00e9 u\u017e miz\u00ed a st\u00e1v\u00e1 se sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed p\u016fdy.<\/p>\n

\u201ePonech\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed d\u0159eva k zetlen\u00ed i v z\u00e1sahov\u00fdch oblastech je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 i pro odolnost lesa. P\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm proto, \u017ee obohacuje p\u016fdu o \u017eiviny. Pokud se dlouhodob\u011b v\u0161echno vyt\u011b\u017een\u00e9 d\u0159evo odv\u00e1\u017e\u00ed, lesn\u00ed p\u016fdu to ochuzuje. V \u010cesk\u00e9 republice jsou nav\u00edc p\u016fdy \u010dasto p\u0159irozen\u011b kysel\u00e9, tedy \u017eivinov\u011b chud\u0161\u00ed. Pokud k tomu p\u0159ipo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1me v\u00fdznamn\u00fd vliv kysel\u00fdch de\u0161\u0165\u016f z minulosti, jsou podm\u00ednky pro \u017eivot lesa m\u00e9n\u011b p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9. Tlej\u00edc\u00ed d\u0159evo v\u0161ak nezlep\u0161uje jen p\u016fdn\u00ed vlastnosti, pom\u00e1h\u00e1 tak\u00e9 zadr\u017eovat v lese v\u00edce vody. Je jako houba vsakuj\u00edc\u00ed vodu. \u010c\u00e1sti kmen\u016f nav\u00edc vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed p\u0159irozen\u00e9 hr\u00e1zky, kter\u00e9 zpomaluj\u00ed jej\u00ed odtok. Proto je lesn\u00ed p\u016fda vlh\u010d\u00ed, stromy l\u00e9pe rostou a sni\u017euje se i nebezpe\u010d\u00ed lesn\u00edho po\u017e\u00e1ru. V\u00fdznamnou rol\u00ed tlej\u00edc\u00edho d\u0159eva je i zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed druhov\u00e9 pestrosti. Je toti\u017e domovem mnoha hub, hmyzu nebo pt\u00e1k\u016f,\u201c<\/em> vypo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1v\u00e1 n\u00e1m\u011bstek \u0159editele Jan Kozel.<\/p>\n

Je samoz\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee s ponech\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm d\u0159evn\u00ed hmoty k zetlen\u00ed jsou spojen\u00e9 ur\u010dit\u00e9 n\u00e1klady. Pokud se d\u0159\u00edv\u00ed ponech\u00e1v\u00e1 odkorn\u011bn\u00e9, mus\u00ed se zaplatit t\u011b\u017eba a odkorn\u011bn\u00ed. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b ponech\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed neodkorn\u011bn\u00e9ho d\u0159eva n\u00e1klady nevznikaj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo, ale jsou vy\u010d\u00edsliteln\u00e9 ztr\u00e1tou z prodeje d\u0159ev\u00ed. Ale i to je relativn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u201eProto\u017ee nech\u00e1v\u00e1me p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm po\u0161kozen\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti kmen\u016f, vyv\u00e1\u017e\u00ed ztr\u00e1tu z prodeje d\u0159eva p\u0159\u00ednosy jeho ponech\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed. Tlej\u00edc\u00ed d\u0159evo nedok\u00e1\u017eeme ni\u010d\u00edm nahradit. Hospoda\u0159en\u00ed zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 na vyklizov\u00e1n\u00ed ve\u0161ker\u00e9 hmoty ochuzuje p\u016fdu, lesn\u00ed ekosyst\u00e9m, a pokud jde o hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd les, do budoucna sni\u017euje tak\u00e9 produkci d\u0159eva a jej\u00ed trvalost. Vyklizen\u00fd les je m\u00e9n\u011b pestr\u00fd, h\u016f\u0159e odol\u00e1v\u00e1 stresu a roste v n\u011bm m\u00e9n\u011b d\u0159eva,\u201c<\/em> vysv\u011btluje Jan Kozel.<\/p>\n

P\u0159itom, d\u00edky tomu, \u017ee tlej\u00edc\u00ed d\u0159evo ponech\u00e1v\u00e1 Spr\u00e1va N\u00e1rodn\u00edho parku \u0160umava u\u017e d\u00e9le ne\u017e \u010dtvrt stolet\u00ed i v z\u00e1sahov\u00fdch z\u00f3n\u00e1ch, pozorujeme pozitivn\u00ed d\u016fsledky t\u00e9to \u010dinnosti.<\/p>\n

\u201eJe nesm\u00edrn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, aby druhy, kter\u00e9 jsou v\u00e1zan\u00e9 na tlej\u00edc\u00ed d\u0159evo, nebyly odk\u00e1zan\u00e9 pouze na bezz\u00e1sahov\u00e9 z\u00f3ny. D\u00edky tomu nal\u00e9z\u00e1me nap\u0159\u00edklad ryze pralesn\u00ed druhy brouk\u016f v odkorn\u011bn\u00fdch kmenech, kter\u00e9 jsme ponechali v z\u00e1sahov\u00fdch oblastech, vyskytuj\u00ed se zde vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 houby, kriticky ohro\u017een\u00e9 druhy \u0161plhavc\u016f nebo sov zde nal\u00e9zaj\u00ed potravn\u00ed nab\u00eddku a hn\u00edzd\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti a d\u00edky tomu jsou jim zachov\u00e1ny velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 migra\u010dn\u00ed koridory,\u201c<\/em> zakon\u010duje \u0159editel Spr\u00e1vy N\u00e1rodn\u00edho parku \u0160umava Pavel Huben\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Spr\u00e1va NP \u0160umava k roku tlej\u00edc\u00edho d\u0159eva po\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1 n\u011bkolik tematick\u00fdch akc\u00ed. Aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed programy, videa, \u010dl\u00e1nky k leto\u0161n\u00edmu \u201eRoku tlej\u00edc\u00edho d\u0159eva\u201c jsou zve\u0159ej\u0148ov\u00e1ny na ofici\u00e1ln\u00edch internetov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch Spr\u00e1vy NP \u0160umava www.npsumava.cz<\/strong><\/a>, a ofici\u00e1ln\u00edm facebookov\u00e9m a instagramov\u00e9m profilu NP Sumava nebo pod hastgem #tlejicidrevo<\/p>\n

(tz-np\u0161)<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"
V\u00fdvratov\u00e9 struktury maj\u00ed v lese tak\u00e9 svoji funkci. Foto Jan Dvo\u0159\u00e1k<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"
Vyt\u011b\u017een\u00e1 plocha, kde jsou ponech\u00e1ny zbytky smrk\u016f k zetlen\u00ed, je neuklizena. Z p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edho hlediska je to v po\u0159\u00e1dku. Foto Jan Dvo\u0159\u00e1k<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"
Tlej\u00edc\u00ed d\u0159evo m\u00e1 svoji nenahraditelnou funkci v jak\u00e9koli f\u00e1zi sv\u00e9ho rozpadu. Foto Pavel Huben\u00fd<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"
P\u0159irozen\u00e1 obnova smrk\u016f a je\u0159\u00e1b\u016f pta\u010d\u00edch. Foto Jan Dvo\u0159\u00e1k<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"
Ponechan\u00fd pah\u00fdl na t\u011b\u017een\u00e9 plo\u0161e je prost\u0159en\u00fdm stolem pro \u0161plhavce. Foto Jan Dvo\u0159\u00e1k<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"
Odkorn\u011bn\u00e9 kmeny ponechan\u00e9 k zetlen\u00ed. Foto Pavel Huben\u00fd<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n

Informovali jsme:<\/h6>\n

\u0160UMAVA: Les je zp\u011bt. T\u0159icet let po k\u016frovcov\u00e9 kalamit\u011b v Modravsk\u00fdch slat\u00edch<\/a><\/h4>\n

\u0160UMAVA: Vydra \u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed je na \u0160umav\u011b pod speci\u00e1ln\u00edm dohledem. A da\u0159\u00ed se j\u00ed tady<\/a><\/h4>\n

\u0160UMAVA: Spr\u00e1va n\u00e1rodn\u00edho parku si jako t\u00e9ma tohoto roku vybrala tlej\u00edc\u00ed d\u0159evo<\/a><\/h4>\n

\u0160UMAVA: P\u0159\u00edpravy tolik obl\u00edben\u00fdch v\u00fdlet\u016f s pr\u016fvodci do divo\u010diny fini\u0161uj\u00ed<\/a><\/h4>\n
\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  Ponech\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":309823,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[128],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/04\/Vyvraty-pahyly-ale-i-cele-souse-jsou-dulezite-pro-lesni-ekosystemy.-Foto-Jan-Dvorak.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/309816"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=309816"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/309816\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":310015,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/309816\/revisions\/310015"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/309823"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=309816"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=309816"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=309816"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}