{"id":305065,"date":"2024-04-23T13:52:26","date_gmt":"2024-04-23T12:52:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=305065"},"modified":"2024-04-23T13:52:26","modified_gmt":"2024-04-23T12:52:26","slug":"dtest-smejdi-vytahuji-z-lidi-penize-za-promlcene-dluhy-jak-se-branit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=305065","title":{"rendered":"dTest: \u0160mejdi vytahuj\u00ed z lid\u00ed pen\u00edze za proml\u010den\u00e9 dluhy. Jak se br\u00e1nit?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h6>Spot\u0159ebitelsk\u00e1 poradna dTestu se setk\u00e1v\u00e1 s p\u0159\u00edpady lid\u00ed, kter\u00fdm vznikl dluh tak d\u00e1vno, \u017ee u\u017e na n\u011bj zapomn\u011bli. L\u00e9ta ho po nich toti\u017e nikdo nevym\u00e1hal. Z ni\u010deho nic jim v\u0161ak p\u0159i\u0161la v\u00fdzva od advok\u00e1t\u016f vymaha\u010dsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, a\u0165 dluh neprodlen\u011b uhrad\u00ed, jinak na n\u011b bude pod\u00e1na \u017ealoba. Jde o pr\u00e1zdn\u00e9 v\u00fdhr\u016f\u017eky, nebo mus\u00ed spot\u0159ebitel naopak zbyst\u0159it? A jak se v\u016fbec br\u00e1nit t\u011bmto praktik\u00e1m?<\/h6>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-131630 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/29\/logo-dtest-114x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"114\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/29\/logo-dtest-114x300.jpg 114w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/29\/logo-dtest.jpg 126w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 114px) 100vw, 114px\" \/>Postup \u0161mejd\u016f je jednoduch\u00fd, st\u00e1le stejn\u00fd a v souladu se z\u00e1konem. \u201e<em>Od spole\u010dnosti, v\u016f\u010di n\u00ed\u017e m\u00e1 spot\u0159ebitel n\u011bjak\u00fd star\u00fd a ji\u017e proml\u010den\u00fd dluh, tento dluh spole\u010dnost za v\u00fdhodnou cenu odkoup\u00ed. N\u00e1sledn\u011b se pokus\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edt neznalosti a strachu spot\u0159ebitele a po\u0161le mu v\u00fdzvu, aby v\u0161echny dlu\u017en\u00e9 prost\u0159edky neprodlen\u011b uhradil, jinak p\u0159istoup\u00ed k vym\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed soudn\u00ed cestou. V ten moment p\u0159ech\u00e1z\u00ed m\u00ed\u010d na stranu spot\u0159ebitele a je na n\u011bm, aby se br\u00e1nil. Jinak v p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9m soudn\u00edm sporu m\u016f\u017ee prohr\u00e1t,\u201c<\/em> popisuje proces \u0159editelka spot\u0159ebitelsk\u00e9 organizace dTest Eduarda Hek\u0161ov\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>Zaprv\u00e9 si mus\u00ed spot\u0159ebitel ujasnit, o jak\u00fd dluh jde. U\u017e v prvn\u00edm a na prvn\u00ed pohled jednoduch\u00e9m kroku ov\u0161em m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt h\u00e1\u010dek. Spot\u0159ebitel (dlu\u017en\u00edk) toti\u017e nemus\u00ed v\u011bd\u011bt, (i.) \u017ee se k povinnosti zaplatit n\u011bjak\u00e9 konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti (v\u011b\u0159iteli) v\u016fbec zav\u00e1zal \u2013 to je typick\u00e9 u n\u011bkter\u00fdch internetov\u00fdch seznamek, kde je poplatkov\u00e1 povinnost skryta v obchodn\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch, (ii.) anebo \u017ee p\u016fvodn\u00ed v\u011b\u0159itel svou pohled\u00e1vku p\u0159evedl na dal\u0161\u00edho v\u011b\u0159itele, kter\u00fd ji te\u010f od spot\u0159ebitele vym\u00e1h\u00e1. Mo\u017en\u00e1 je dokonce (iii.) kombinace oboj\u00edho. Spot\u0159ebitel tedy obdr\u017e\u00ed v\u00fdzvu, aby uhradil dluh, o n\u011bm\u017e nev\u00ed, na jak\u00e9m z\u00e1kladu a kdy vznikl, ani \u017ee by n\u011bkdy jednal s vym\u00e1haj\u00edc\u00edm v\u011b\u0159itelem. Proto mus\u00ed b\u00fdt z v\u00fdzvy k zaplacen\u00ed v\u017edy patrn\u00e9 p\u0159esn\u00e9 datum vzniku dluhu a z jak\u00e9ho titulu (smlouva o poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed slu\u017eeb, kupn\u00ed smlouva\u2026) dluh vznikl, resp. kdy se stal splatn\u00fdm.<\/p>\n<h6>Nepodl\u00e9hat strachu<\/h6>\n<p>Zadruh\u00e9 si mus\u00ed spot\u0159ebitel ur\u010dit, kdy nastala tzv. splatnost dluhu, tedy kdy m\u011bl vym\u00e1han\u00fd dluh nejpozd\u011bji zaplatit. Ta je obecn\u011b t\u00edm momentem, od kter\u00e9ho za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 b\u011b\u017eet t\u0159\u00edlet\u00e1 proml\u010dec\u00ed lh\u016fta. <em>\u201eJakmile je dluh splatn\u00fd v\u00edce ne\u017e 3 roky, b\u011bhem kter\u00fdch v\u011b\u0159itel sv\u016fj n\u00e1rok v\u016f\u010di spot\u0159ebiteli neuplatnil, dluh se proml\u010d\u00ed a spot\u0159ebitel nen\u00ed povinen tento dluh hradit. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b z\u00e1kon nikomu nezakazuje, aby u\u017e proml\u010den\u00fd dluh v\u016f\u010di spot\u0159ebiteli n\u00e1rokoval,<\/em>\u201c vysv\u011btluje Hek\u0161ov\u00e1 z dTestu a dod\u00e1v\u00e1: <em>\u201eV t\u00e9to prvn\u00ed f\u00e1zi je na m\u00edst\u011b, aby spot\u0159ebitel sv\u00e9ho v\u011b\u0159itele informoval, \u017ee dluh je podle n\u011bj proml\u010den\u00fd, a tud\u00ed\u017e jej nem\u00e1 povinnost platit. V\u011b\u0159itel m\u00e1 sign\u00e1l, \u017ee proti n\u011bmu stoj\u00ed informovan\u00fd spot\u0159ebitel a zpravidla nepostupuje d\u00e1l soudn\u00ed cestou.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n<h6>(elektronick\u00fd) Platebn\u00ed rozkaz a \u017ealoba<\/h6>\n<p>Nezareaguje-li spot\u0159ebitel na p\u0159ed\u017ealobn\u00ed v\u00fdzvu, a\u0165 u\u017e v\u011bdom\u011b, nebo nev\u011bdom\u011b, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt dal\u0161\u00edm krokem spole\u010dnosti podat k soudu n\u00e1vrh na vyd\u00e1n\u00ed tzv. (elektronick\u00e9ho) platebn\u00edho rozkazu, co\u017e je \u201ezjednodu\u0161en\u00e1 \u017ealoba\u201c, kterou soud projedn\u00e1 ve zrychlen\u00e9m \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Nen\u00ed ale ani vylou\u010deno, \u017ee v\u011b\u0159itel p\u0159istoup\u00ed k pod\u00e1n\u00ed \u201eklasick\u00e9\u201c \u017ealoby. V obou p\u0159\u00edpadech se spot\u0159ebitel mus\u00ed aktivn\u011b br\u00e1nit.<\/p>\n<p>V prvn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b mus\u00ed spot\u0159ebitel podat proti platebn\u00edmu rozkazu tzv. odpor, a to do 15 dn\u016f od doru\u010den\u00ed platebn\u00edho rozkazu. Nepod\u00e1-li spot\u0159ebitel (\u017ealovan\u00fd) odpor, nab\u00fdv\u00e1 platebn\u00ed rozkaz \u00fa\u010dinky pravomocn\u00e9ho rozsudku. Neuhrazen\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stky tedy m\u016f\u017ee skon\u010dit<\/p>\n<p>i exekuc\u00ed. Jakmile pod\u00e1 spot\u0159ebitel \u0159\u00e1dn\u00fd odpor, je na\u0159\u00edzeno standardn\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed soudem. Ve druh\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, kdy v\u011b\u0159itel pod\u00e1 klasickou \u017ealobu, je na\u0159\u00edzeno standardn\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed soudem rovnou. Soud p\u0159ed n\u00edm za\u0161le \u017ealobu spot\u0159ebiteli k vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tehdy je vhodn\u00e9 (t\u0159ebas i znovu) uplatnit n\u00e1mitku proml\u010den\u00ed dan\u00e9ho dluhu. I kdyby toti\u017e dluh, jeho\u017e zaplacen\u00ed se v\u011b\u0159itel u soudu dom\u00e1h\u00e1, byl proml\u010den\u00fd, je nezbytn\u00e9, aby spot\u0159ebitel proml\u010den\u00ed nam\u00edtal (!). Pokud to neud\u011bl\u00e1, soud n\u00e1rok na zaplacen\u00ed v\u011b\u0159iteli p\u0159izn\u00e1, i kdyby soudce v\u011bd\u011bl, \u017ee dluh je proml\u010den\u00fd.<\/p>\n<p><em>\u201eVe f\u00e1zi, kdy spot\u0159ebiteli p\u0159ijde ob\u00e1lka se zelen\u00fdm pruhem (a\u0165 u\u017e s platebn\u00edm rozkazem, nebo s v\u00fdzvou na vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed k \u017ealob\u011b), ji\u017e doporu\u010dujeme spojit se s advok\u00e1tem. Jejich seznam najdete mj. na na\u0161em webu <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dtest.cz\/advokati.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>www.dtest.cz\/advokati<\/strong><\/a>. Pokud v\u016fbec nev\u00edte, jak postupovat p\u0159i obran\u011b proti \u0161mejd\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed vym\u00e1haj\u00ed proml\u010den\u00e9 dluhy, m\u016f\u017eete se tak\u00e9 obr\u00e1tit na na\u0161i bezplatnou poradnu na \u010d\u00edsle 229 149 009,\u201c<\/em> uzav\u00edr\u00e1 Eduarda Hek\u0161ov\u00e1 za dTest.<\/p>\n<p><strong>dTest<\/strong><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Spot\u0159ebitelsk\u00e1 poradna <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":305068,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[87],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/23\/ram-dtest.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/305065"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=305065"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/305065\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":305067,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/305065\/revisions\/305067"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/305068"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=305065"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=305065"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=305065"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}