{"id":298175,"date":"2025-03-05T15:52:24","date_gmt":"2025-03-05T14:52:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=298175"},"modified":"2025-03-05T15:52:24","modified_gmt":"2025-03-05T14:52:24","slug":"stara-sumava-a-posumavi-cerna-postni-nedele","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=298175","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA A PO\u0160UMAV\u00cd: \u010cern\u00e1 postn\u00ed ned\u011ble"},"content":{"rendered":"

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C\u00edrkv\u00ed p\u0159edepsan\u00e1 doba p\u016fstu, kter\u00e1 m\u011bla \u0161irok\u00fdm lidov\u00fdm vrstv\u00e1m ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b p\u0159ipom\u00ednat Kristovo utrpen\u00ed, se po\u010d\u00edtala od Popele\u010dn\u00ed st\u0159edy do Bo\u017e\u00edho hodu velikono\u010dn\u00edho. Pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed postn\u00edch ned\u011bl\u00ed p\u016fsob\u00ed n\u011bkdy pon\u011bkud zmaten\u011b. Zat\u00edmco n\u011bkde tu prvn\u00ed naz\u00fdvali Pu\u010d\u00e1lka, jinde si vyslou\u017eila n\u00e1zev \u010cern\u00e1 nebo dokonce Li\u0161\u010d\u00ed.<\/h6>\n

Ka\u017ed\u00e1 ned\u011ble tohoto v\u00edcem\u00e9n\u011b pochmurn\u00e9ho obdob\u00ed, um\u011ble podv\u00e1zan\u00e9ho \u0159adou n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch omezen\u00ed a poznamenan\u00e9ho nav\u00edc p\u0159irozen\u00fdmi d\u016fsledky nouze a str\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed konce zimy a po\u010d\u00e1tku jara, byla v pod\u00e1n\u00ed na\u0161ich p\u0159edk\u016f ozdobena poetick\u00fdmi osobit\u00fdmi n\u00e1zvy. Jejich jm\u00e9na byla odvozena bu\u010f od prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00fdch k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00fdch c\u00edrkevn\u00edch ob\u0159ad\u016f, nebo byl jejich p\u016fvod odvozov\u00e1n je\u0161t\u011b z oby\u010dej\u016f p\u0159edk\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9ho obdob\u00ed. Ned\u011ble postn\u00ed maj\u00ed oded\u00e1vna u \u010cech\u016f svoje zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed jm\u00e9na, je\u017e p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00ed, odkud, pro\u010d ta neb ona ned\u011ble tak pojmenov\u00e1na. Napov\u00eddaj\u00ed, jak\u00e1 j\u00eddla, jak\u00e9 oby\u010deje, ob\u0159ady a z\u00e1bavy m\u00edval \u010desk\u00fd lid v t\u00e9 dob\u011b,\u201c vysv\u011btluje folklorista a etnograf \u010cen\u011bk Z\u00edbrt (1864-1932) ve sv\u00e9m d\u00edle Vesel\u00e9 chv\u00edle v \u017eivot\u011b lidu \u010desk\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n

V \u010desk\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed se u\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed tak\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1zvy a to \u010cern\u00e1 ned\u011ble, Pu\u010d\u00e1lka \u010di Li\u0161\u010d\u00ed ned\u011ble. P\u0159\u00edvlastek \u010dern\u00e1 je odvozen od zvyku \u017een odkl\u00e1dat v tento den barevn\u00fd od\u011bv a nahrazovat ho \u010dern\u00fdm \u010di s no\u0161en\u00edm \u010dern\u00fdch \u0161\u00e1tk\u016f. V minul\u00fdch dob\u00e1ch m\u011bla v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdznam vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed symbolika, proto i \u010dern\u00e1 barva, musel to b\u00fdt n\u00e1padn\u00fd vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed kontrast, kdy\u017e pestr\u00e9 kroje vyst\u0159\u00eddalo st\u0159\u00edzliv\u00e9 oble\u010den\u00ed a \u010dern\u00e9 \u0161\u00e1tky. V kostele \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 kv\u011btiny a \u010dasto i zahalen\u00fd olt\u00e1\u0159n\u00ed obraz \u2013 v\u0161echno to, co je \u201enav\u00edc\u201c, zmizelo z o\u010d\u00ed, aby se pohled mohl up\u00ednat jen vzh\u016fru.<\/p>\n

N\u00e1zev pu\u010d\u00e1lka je odvozen od stejnojmenn\u00e9ho pokrmu z nakl\u00ed\u010den\u00e9ho hrachu, n\u011bkdy se toto ozna\u010den\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvalo pro celou dobu mezi Popele\u010dn\u00ed st\u0159edou a t\u00edmto dnem. Li\u0161\u010d\u00ed ned\u011ble se pr\u00fd naz\u00fdv\u00e1 prvn\u00ed ned\u011ble postn\u00ed podle chozen\u00ed s li\u0161kou. V\u00e1clav Krolmus poprvn\u00e9 zaznamenal Li\u0161\u010d\u00ed ned\u011bli v roce 1847. Pod n\u00e1zvem Li\u0161\u010d\u00ed ned\u011ble v b\u0159eznu se dozv\u00edd\u00e1me, \u017ee prvn\u00ed ned\u011bli postn\u00ed na Ho\u0159ovicku, Berounsku, K\u0159ivokl\u00e1tsku aj. lid\u00e9 naz\u00fdvaj\u00ed ned\u011bl\u00ed Li\u0161\u010d\u00ed. Na t\u011bchto m\u00edstech hospodyn\u011b pe\u010dou na prvn\u00ed ned\u011bli postn\u00ed precl\u00ed\u010dky. T\u011bsto p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed z p\u0161eni\u010dn\u00e9 mouky. Kdy\u017e precl\u00edky zkynou, uva\u0159\u00ed je v kotli. Potom je sypou m\u00e1kem a sol\u00ed a daj\u00ed je do pece nebo trouby dop\u00e9ci.<\/p>\n

To v\u0161e matky p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed v noci tak, aby d\u011bti nic nev\u011bd\u011bly. Podle po\u010dtu d\u011bt\u00ed si ka\u017ed\u00e1 matka opat\u0159\u00ed vrbov\u00e9 proutky. Na ka\u017ed\u00fd proutek navl\u00e9kne n\u011bkolik precl\u00edk\u016f a zav\u011bs\u00ed je na stromy do zahrady. P\u0159ed v\u00fdchodem slunce vzbud\u00ed d\u011bti, s n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm vysv\u011btlen\u00edm: \u201eMil\u00e9 d\u011bti, b\u011b\u017eela tudy li\u0161ka a ztratila na zahrad\u011b precl\u00edky. Vsta\u0148te, omejte se a jd\u011bte do zahrady, kde je na proutku na stromech zav\u011b\u0161en\u00e9 naleznete\u2026\u201c<\/p>\n

O pu\u010d\u00e1lce existuje i kr\u00e1tk\u00e1 \u0159\u00edkanka, kterou najdete v knize Proston\u00e1rodn\u00ed \u010desk\u00e9 p\u00edsn\u011b a \u0159\u00edkadla Karla Jarom\u00edra Erbena:
\nPu\u010dala m\u00e1 mil\u00e1 pu\u010d\u00e1lku,<\/em>
\nnesla ji mil\u00e9mu na \u0161\u00e1lku:<\/em>
\n\u201eOd lesa k lesu pu\u010d\u00e1lku nesu,<\/em>
\npu \u2013 pu \u2013 pu \u2013 pu \u2013 pu \u2013 pu \u2013 pu\u010d\u00e1lku,<\/em>
\nnesu ji mil\u00e9mu na \u0161\u00e1lku.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

S Prvn\u00ed ned\u011bl\u00ed postn\u00ed byla \u010di st\u00e1le je i jinde spojena \u0159ada lidov\u00fdch zvyk\u016f, ve kter\u00fdch \u010dasto figuruje ohe\u0148. Dolo\u017eeny jsou p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm ve Francii, Belgii, N\u011bmecku, Rakousku a \u0160v\u00fdcarsku. Ohe\u0148 \u010dasto za\u017eeh\u00e1vaj\u00ed ti, kdo se ve vesnici naposledy o\u017eenili \u010di provdali.<\/p>\n

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Zdroj:<\/strong> Prvn\u00ed ned\u011ble postn\u00ed Invocabit. Lumen de Lumine LANGHAMMEROV\u00c1, Ji\u0159ina. \u010ctvero ro\u010dn\u00edch obdob\u00ed v lidov\u00e9 tradici. Praha: Petrkl\u00ed\u010d, 2008<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

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  C\u00edrkv\u00ed <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":339145,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[111],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/05\/ram-cerna-nedele.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/298175"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=298175"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/298175\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":339146,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/298175\/revisions\/339146"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/339145"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=298175"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=298175"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=298175"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}