{"id":297600,"date":"2025-03-02T13:41:41","date_gmt":"2025-03-02T12:41:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=297600"},"modified":"2025-03-16T21:04:44","modified_gmt":"2025-03-16T20:04:44","slug":"z-archivu-a-kronik-pochovavani-basy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=297600","title":{"rendered":"Z ARCHIV\u016e A KRONIK: Pochov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed basy"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Posledn\u00ed masopustn\u00ed den, \u00fater\u00fd p\u0159ed Popele\u010dn\u00ed st\u0159edou, kon\u010d\u00edval pochov\u00e1n\u00edm basy. Lid\u00e9 v\u011b\u0159ili, \u017ee pokud budou o masopustu tancovat p\u0159es p\u016flnoc, objev\u00ed se mezi nimi \u010f\u00e1bel, \u010dasto jako cizinec v zelen\u00e9m kab\u00e1t\u011b.
\nN\u00e1m\u011btem tohoto zvyku byla \u201ehra s Bacchusem\u201c, tedy jak byl Masopust-Bakchus (\u201ep\u00e1n o\u017eralc\u016f\u201c) souzen, odsouzen a potrest\u00e1n, t\u0159eba vhozen\u00edm do ka\u0161ny na n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed, up\u00e1len\u00edm nebo pochov\u00e1n\u00edm.<\/h6>\n

Ob\u0159ad pochov\u00e1n\u00ed Bacchuse m\u011bl a m\u00e1 r\u016fzn\u00e9 podoby. \u010cast\u00fd je pr\u016fvod obc\u00ed, v n\u011bm\u017e je \u201enebo\u017et\u00edk masopust\u201c pronesen na m\u00e1r\u00e1ch. T\u00edm m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt um\u011bl\u00e1 figur\u00edna, \u017eiv\u00e1 postava Bakcha \u010di Masopusta, t\u00e9\u017e m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt na nos\u00edtka polo\u017eena maska, kter\u00e1 se b\u011bhem ma\u0161kar\u00e1dn\u00edho pr\u016fvodu uk\u00e1zala jako nejbujn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ale nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed formou je basa. N\u00e1sleduje ve\u0159ejn\u00fd poh\u0159eb, tedy sp\u00ed\u0161e parodie na poh\u0159eb, v n\u00ed\u017e je upozorn\u011bno na proh\u0159e\u0161ky, kter\u00e9 \u201eprovinilec\u201c za cel\u00fd rok b\u011bhem sv\u00e9 \u201evl\u00e1dy\u201c nap\u00e1chal. Ob\u0159adu se \u00fa\u010dastn\u00ed kn\u011bz s ministranty, soudce, poprav\u010d\u00ed, dru\u017ei\u010dky a pla\u010dky.<\/p>\n

Po obvi\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed \u0159e\u010di je Masopust odsouzen a popraven. Poprava t\u00e9\u017e prob\u00edh\u00e1 r\u016fzn\u00fdmi zp\u016fsoby. Figur\u00edna \u010di basa se nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u011b\u0161\u00ed, sp\u00e1l\u00ed, vhod\u00ed do vody, nebo jednodu\u0161e poh\u0159b\u00ed do zem\u011b. Po pochov\u00e1n\u00ed se kon\u00e1 ve\u010dern\u00ed z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00e1 tane\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1bava. D\u0159\u00edve se pochov\u00e1n\u00edm Masopusta kon\u010dila z\u00e1bava, tedy byl ob\u0159ad proveden p\u0159ed p\u016flnoc\u00ed, nebo\u0165 p\u016flnoc ohl\u00e1sila n\u00e1stup Popele\u010dn\u00ed st\u0159edy a t\u00edm i obdob\u00ed postu. V tuto dobu p\u0159i\u0161el do hospody ponocn\u00fd, zatroubil na roh a rycht\u00e1\u0159, \u010di n\u011bkter\u00fd z radn\u00edch vyzval ostatn\u00ed, aby se roze\u0161li, \u010d\u00edm\u017e z\u00e1bava skon\u010dila. Pochov\u00e1n\u00ed basy symbolizovalo, \u017ee si hudebn\u00edci v dob\u011b postu nezahraj\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Skok do v\u00fd\u0161ky. P\u0159\u00edtomn\u00ed se v\u0161ak museli velmi sna\u017eit, nebo\u0165 se v\u011b\u0159ilo, \u017ee jak vysoko selka p\u0159i tanci vysko\u010d\u00ed, tak vysok\u00e9 naroste v tom roce obil\u00ed nebo len.<\/p>\n

Babsk\u00fd ml\u00fdn. Dal\u0161\u00edm p\u011bkn\u00fdm zvykem, byl \u201ebabsk\u00fd ml\u00fdn\u201c. V pond\u011bl\u00ed se postavil ml\u00fdn a v \u00fater\u00fd se v n\u011bm semlely star\u00e9 b\u00e1by na mlad\u00e9. Mlyn\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 chasa pochytala 9 star\u00fdch bab a ty symbolicky semlela v ml\u00fdn\u011b, na\u010de\u017e vy\u0161lo 8 mlad\u00fdch d\u00edvek v \u0161atech semlet\u00fdch bab.<\/p>\n

St\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed kohouta. Velmi star\u00fdm zvykem bylo st\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed kohouta. Ml\u00e1denci se p\u0159estrojili za voj\u00e1ky tak, \u017ee si \u0161aty obl\u00e9kli naruby a pot\u00e9 p\u0159ivedli p\u0159iv\u00e1zan\u00e9ho kohouta. P\u0159e\u010detl se nad n\u00edm rozsudek a pot\u00e9 mu kat kosou u\u0165al hlavu, na\u010de\u017e musel rychle ut\u00e9ci, aby ho ostatn\u00ed p\u0159ihl\u00ed\u017eej\u00edc\u00ed nechytili. Boj s kohoutem. Jednomu ml\u00e1denci se zav\u00e1zaly o\u010di a ten musel n\u00e1sledn\u011b v ohrad\u011b uhnat v\u0159e\u0161t\u00edc\u00edho kohouta.<\/p>\n

V\u00e1len\u00ed v bahn\u011b. V n\u011bkter\u00fdch m\u00edstech se dodr\u017euje tradice, \u017ee ma\u0161kar\u00e1di vstoup\u00ed do polovypu\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9ho rybn\u00edka a pov\u00e1lej\u00ed se v jeho bahn\u011b, aby bylo v p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edm roce hodn\u011b ryb.<\/p>\n

Kone\u010dn\u011b Masopustu odzp\u00edvaj\u00ed rozpustil\u00e9 reguiem a s velik\u00fdm pl\u00e1\u010dem pochov\u00e1vaj\u00ed, bu\u010f na mrvi\u0161t\u011b nebo do j\u00e1my kamsi jej zahod\u00edce. Lid\u00e9 v\u011b\u0159ili, \u017ee pokud budou o masopustu tancovat p\u0159es p\u016flnoc, objev\u00ed se mezi nimi \u010f\u00e1bel, \u010dasto jako cizinec v zelen\u00e9m kab\u00e1t\u011b. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed m\u011bli nadto je\u0161t\u011b v mysli hluboko zasutou prastarou pov\u011bru, \u017ee zem\u011b je do doby, ne\u017e vyd\u00e1 \u00farodu, t\u011bhotn\u00e1, a proto se po n\u00ed stejn\u011b neslu\u0161\u00ed sk\u00e1kat a dupat.<\/p>\n

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Zdroj:<\/strong> Z\u00cdBRT, \u010cen\u011bk; HOCHOV\u00c1-BRO\u017d\u00cdKOV\u00c1, Zdena. Vesel\u00e9 chv\u00edle v \u017eivot\u011b lidu \u010desk\u00e9ho. Vyd. 2. Praha: Vy\u0161ehrad, 2006. 636 s. \u010cen\u011bk Z\u00edbrt. (\u010dasopis Zlat\u00e1 Praha r.1886)<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

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