{"id":294290,"date":"2025-12-29T14:19:48","date_gmt":"2025-12-29T13:19:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=294290"},"modified":"2026-01-01T19:24:08","modified_gmt":"2026-01-01T18:24:08","slug":"stara-sumava-a-posumavi-o-silvestru-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=294290","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA A PO\u0160UMAV\u00cd: O Silvestru"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-294291 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/31\/O-SILVESTRU.....jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1392\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/31\/O-SILVESTRU.....jpg 2048w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/31\/O-SILVESTRU....-300x204.jpg 300w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/31\/O-SILVESTRU....-1024x696.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/31\/O-SILVESTRU....-768x522.jpg 768w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/31\/O-SILVESTRU....-1536x1044.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/31\/O-SILVESTRU....-525x357.jpg 525w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/31\/O-SILVESTRU....-711x483.jpg 711w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Silvestr<\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Jak zrnko p\u00edsku na dn\u011b Vltavy<\/em><br \/>\n<em>uplejv\u00e1 rok, kdo jen ho zastav\u00ed?<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Zezhora z\u00e1\u0159ej hv\u011bzdy, zas a zas<\/em><br \/>\n<em>jak sly\u0161ela bych vodsejpat se \u010das.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Co mu\u010dilo m\u011b, \u010das u\u017e vodest\u00e1l.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Tr\u00e1pen\u00ed p\u0159ejde, srdce tlu\u010de d\u00e1l.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Rok vodnese, co bolelo t\u011b snad,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>jednou i dech ti veme napo\u0159\u00e1d.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Co minulo, nevolej nazp\u00e1tek.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Za dve\u0159ma \u010dek\u00e1 novej za\u010d\u00e1tek.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Hv\u011bzdy se t\u0159pyt\u011bj \u2013 co p\u0159ijde, kdo v\u00ed?<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Neptej se nic, \u010das s\u00e1m ti vodpov\u00ed.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Kdybych sebed\u00fdl hv\u011bzd se m\u011bla pt\u00e1t,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Ten naho\u0159e u\u017e v\u00ed, kam m\u00e1m se br\u00e1t.<\/em><\/p>\n<h6>Bujar\u00e9 silvestrovsk\u00e9 oslavy pln\u00e9 alkoholu, j\u00eddla a rachejtl\u00ed se za\u010daly pomalu rozm\u00e1hat a\u017e koncem 19. stolet\u00ed. Na\u0161i p\u0159edkov\u00e9 konec roku slavili st\u0159\u00eddm\u011bji a dodr\u017eovali posledn\u00ed den v roce \u0159adu lidov\u00fdch zvyk\u016f, mnoh\u00e9 z nich u\u017e bohu\u017eel nezn\u00e1me, tak si n\u011bkter\u00e9 silvestrovsk\u00e9 p\u0159ipome\u0148me. A v\u00edte, kdo byl svat\u00fd Silvestr, kter\u00fd dal posledn\u00ed noci v roce sv\u00e9 jm\u00e9no?<\/h6>\n<p>Oslavy konce roku se jm\u00e9nem sv. Silvestra, prvn\u00edho sv\u011btce, kter\u00fd nebyl mu\u010dedn\u00edkem, p\u016fvodn\u011b nijak nesouvisely, proto\u017ee ve st\u0159edov\u011bku kon\u010dil rok jin\u00fdm datem. Teprve v novov\u011bku (s 1. lednem se za\u010dal p\u0159\u00edchod nov\u00e9ho roku spojovat a\u017e v 16. stolet\u00ed) se jeho sv\u00e1tek stal sou\u010dasn\u011b ofici\u00e1ln\u011b koncem kalend\u00e1\u0159n\u00edho roku a d\u00edky tomu dal tento pape\u017e jm\u00e9no bujar\u00e9 silvestrovsk\u00e9 noci. Skute\u010dnost, \u017ee se v posledn\u00ed den roku p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 pr\u00e1v\u011b sv\u00e1tek pape\u017ee Silvestra, m\u00e1 symbolick\u00fd v\u00fdznam, proto\u017ee v dob\u011b jeho pontifik\u00e1tu bylo definitivn\u011b ukon\u010deno pron\u00e1sledov\u00e1n\u00ed k\u0159es\u0165an\u016f a za\u010dal nov\u00e1 epocha, zlat\u00fd v\u011bk c\u00edrkve.<\/p>\n<p>Svat\u00fd Silvestr, ochr\u00e1nce dom\u00e1c\u00edch zv\u00ed\u0159at a dobr\u00e9 \u00farody, byl prvn\u00edm pape\u017eem, kter\u00fd samostatn\u011b vl\u00e1dl v \u0158\u00edm\u011b. Silvestr se narodil v \u0158\u00edm\u011b n\u011bkdy ve druh\u00e9 polovin\u011b 3. stolet\u00ed. Po smrti pape\u017ee Miltiada byl Silvestr 31. ledna roku 314 zvolen \u0159\u00edmsk\u00fdm biskupem. Pape\u017eem se stal za c\u00edsa\u0159e Konstantina Velk\u00e9ho, kter\u00e9ho podle legendy vyl\u00e9\u010dil z lepry a n\u00e1sledn\u011b ho pok\u0159til. Konstantin mu z vd\u011b\u010dnosti daroval pozemek, na kter\u00e9m se nyn\u00ed rozkl\u00e1d\u00e1 Vatik\u00e1n. Silvestr zem\u0159el po v\u00edce ne\u017e dvacetilet\u00e9m pontifik\u00e1tu 31. prosince 335.<\/p>\n<p>Od 16. stolet\u00ed jsou v posledn\u00ed den v roce dolo\u017eeny divok\u00e9 oslavy, jejich\u017e \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci se bavili a provozovali hlu\u010dn\u00e9 \u017eerty. Pozd\u011bji se st\u0159\u00edlelo nebo pr\u00e1skalo bi\u010di. V baroku se oslavy zklidnily, lid\u00e9 hlavn\u011b chodili do kostela pod\u011bkovat za uplynul\u00fd rok a pomodlit se za zdar v tom nach\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edm. Venku se pak zastavovali se sousedy, pod\u00e1vali si na znamen\u00ed odpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a sm\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed ruce (p\u0159i t\u00e9hle p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti se pou\u017e\u00edvalo ok\u0159\u00eddlen\u00e9 \u201aco jsme si, to jsme si\u2018), zapalovali v kapli\u010dk\u00e1ch sv\u00ed\u010dky za zem\u0159el\u00e9. Lid\u00e9 se tak\u00e9 sna\u017eili, aby m\u011bli do konce roku zaplacen\u00e9 dluhy, ukon\u010den\u00e9 a do\u0159e\u0161en\u00e9 spory a necht\u011bli nechat nedod\u011blanou pr\u00e1ci a byli tak \u010dist\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Pro posledn\u00ed noc v roce byla veled\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 tak\u00e9 osobn\u00ed hygiena. O\u010dist\u011b t\u011bla se na silvestra v\u011bnovala velk\u00e1 pozornost, proto\u017ee nov\u00fd rok m\u011bl ka\u017ed\u00fd v\u00edtat \u010dist\u00fd jak du\u0161evn\u011b, tak i t\u011blesn\u011b. P\u0159\u00edchod nov\u00e9ho roku na\u0161i p\u0159edkov\u00e9 neo\u010dek\u00e1vali pouze modlitbou, ale tak\u00e9 dobr\u00fdm j\u00eddlem. Ani posledn\u00ed den v roce nesm\u011bla chyb\u011bt slavnostn\u00ed tabule, kter\u00e1 se v mnoh\u00e9m podobala t\u00e9 \u0161t\u011bdrove\u010dern\u00ed, ale byla st\u0159\u00eddm\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a nesm\u011bla se j\u00edst \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 dr\u016fbe\u017e, jinak by z domu ulet\u011blo \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed. O p\u016flnoci se pro \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed mnohde jedl ovar a k\u0159en s jablky. Na venkov\u011b nav\u0161t\u011bvovaly o silvestrovsk\u00e9 noci staven\u00ed tzv. ometa\u010dky, \u010dern\u011b od\u011bn\u00e9 star\u00e9 \u017eeny, kter\u00e9 symbolicky ometaly plotnu, aby kamna v nov\u00e9m roce dob\u0159e ho\u0159ela. Pak pop\u0159\u00e1ly rodin\u011b v\u0161e dobr\u00e9 a za to dostaly odm\u011bnu.<\/p>\n<p>Silvestrovsk\u00e1 noc m\u011bla taky magickou moc a na\u0161i p\u0159edkov\u00e9 v\u011b\u0159ili, \u017ee co se \u010dlov\u011bku zd\u00e1, to se tak\u00e9 vypln\u00ed&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Zdroj:<\/strong> Hoam!, 1996, \u010d. 1, s. 20 Rosa Tahedlov\u00e1. Sto\u017eeck\u00fd vrch nad mladou Vltavou a jej\u00ed \u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed niva: to je rodn\u00e1 krajina. autor p\u0159eklad\u016f a \u010desk\u00fdch text\u016f Jan Mare\u0161, Jiho\u010desk\u00e1 v\u011bdeck\u00e1 knihovna v \u010cesk\u00fdch Bud\u011bjovic\u00edch<\/p>\n<p><strong>P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; Silvestr <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":365090,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[111],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/27\/ram-o-silvestru.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/294290"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=294290"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/294290\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":365191,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/294290\/revisions\/365191"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/365090"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=294290"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=294290"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=294290"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}