{"id":292765,"date":"2024-12-01T22:55:32","date_gmt":"2024-12-01T21:55:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=292765"},"modified":"2024-12-01T22:55:32","modified_gmt":"2024-12-01T21:55:32","slug":"stara-sumava-a-posumavi-svata-barbora-snih-pada-seshora","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=292765","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA A PO\u0160UMAV\u00cd: Svat\u00e1 Barbora, sn\u00edh pad\u00e1 seshora"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Sv\u00e1tek svat\u00e9 Barbory je p\u0159edzv\u011bst\u00ed bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edc\u00edho se \u0160t\u011bdr\u00e9ho dne. Slav\u00ed se pouh\u00e9 dva dny p\u0159ed svat\u00fdm Mikul\u00e1\u0161em a proto se mnohde stalo, \u017ee se tyto dva sv\u00e1tky slily a zv\u00edt\u011bzil zn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed Mikul\u00e1\u0161.<\/h6>\n

Rozkvetl\u00e9 barborky o V\u00e1noc\u00edch symbolizuj\u00ed nejen p\u0159\u00edchod nov\u00e9ho sv\u011btla v podob\u011b Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e Krista, ale p\u016fvodn\u011b p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00ed i pr\u00e1v\u011b prob\u011bhnuv\u0161\u00ed zimn\u00ed slunovrat, kter\u00fd v kone\u010dn\u00e9m d\u016fsledku zp\u016fsob\u00ed z\u00e1nik zimy a p\u0159\u00edchod dal\u0161\u00edho kv\u011bty ozdoben\u00e9ho jara. P\u016fvodn\u011b pohansk\u00fd zvyk trh\u00e1n\u00ed barborek se jako jeden z m\u00e1la uchoval do dnes.
\nKlidn\u00e9 postn\u00ed obdob\u00ed napln\u011bn\u00e9 rozj\u00edm\u00e1n\u00edm a n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvami rann\u00edch ror\u00e1t\u016f na venkov\u011b zpest\u0159ovaly ji\u017e v\u00fd\u0161e zmi\u0148ovan\u00e9 obch\u016fzky tajemn\u00fdch maskovan\u00fdch bytost\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Svat\u00e1 Barbora je v\u0161ak v na\u0161em kraji zn\u00e1m\u00e1 sp\u00ed\u0161e d\u00edky v\u011b\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed na vdavky, budouc\u00ed \u017eivot a spln\u011bn\u00ed jin\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed v p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edm roce pomoc\u00ed t\u0159e\u0161\u0148ov\u00fdch v\u011btvi\u010dek, tzv. barborek, kter\u00e9 v\u0161ak mohly nahradit i ratolesti jin\u00fdch ovocn\u00fdch strom\u016f. \u0160lo a dodnes jde o \u0161iroce roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fd oby\u010dej, kter\u00fd se objevoval hned v n\u011bkolika variant\u00e1ch. Podle t\u00e9 nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed d\u011bv\u010data v\u011btvi\u010dky \u0159ezala za tmy, a pokud mo\u017eno tajn\u011b. Proto si d\u00edvky musely toho dne opravdu p\u0159ivstat. Kdy\u017e jim v\u011btvi\u010dka rozkvetla do \u0160t\u011bdr\u00e9ho dne, mohly se t\u011b\u0161it na vdavky nebo na op\u011btovanou l\u00e1sku. N\u011bkde d\u011bv\u010data zase na\u0159ezala tolik roub\u016f, kolik m\u011bla p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed. Kdy\u017e v\u011btvi\u010dky vypu\u010dely do Bo\u017e\u00edho hodu v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edho, m\u011bla se p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed vyplnit. Jednotliv\u00e1 p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bv\u010data vyslovovala p\u0159i nam\u00e1\u010den\u00ed proutk\u016f do vody, \u010demu\u017e ov\u0161em nesm\u011bl b\u00fdt nikdo p\u0159\u00edtomen. Jinak by se v\u011b\u0161tba nevyplnila.<\/p>\n

V n\u011bmeck\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed zmi\u0148uje zvyk \u0159ezat t\u0159e\u0161\u0148ov\u00e9 v\u011btvi\u010dky Anton Vrbka. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 se sv\u00e1tkem sv. Barbory v\u0161ak uv\u00e1d\u00ed i prvn\u00ed adventn\u00ed ned\u011bli. Pokud v\u011btvi\u010dky vykvetly do V\u00e1noc, d\u011bv\u010de, kter\u00e9 je utrhlo, se m\u011blo p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edho roku provdat. ….\u201eD\u00e1valy se do vody, bu\u010f t\u0159eba do chl\u00e9va nebo za pec. D\u011bv\u010data m\u011bla za povinnost je zal\u00e9vat. Nab\u00edrala do \u00fast vodu a zal\u00e9vala je denn\u011b z \u00fast.\u201c…..Tak\u00e9 se krom\u011b v\u011btvi\u010dek ovocn\u00fdch strom\u016f \u0159ezaly tak\u00e9 v\u00fdhonky vinn\u00e9 r\u00e9vy. Ty se daly do v\u00e1zy, a pokud se zazelenaly p\u0159ed V\u00e1nocemi, hospod\u00e1\u0159 mohl o\u010dek\u00e1vat p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fd rok. \u201eBarborky\u201c se rovn\u011b\u017e darovaly bl\u00edzk\u00fdm p\u0159\u00e1tel\u016fm a rodinn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk\u016fm. M\u00edsty rozkvetl\u00e9 v\u011btvi\u010dky um\u00edst\u011bn\u00e9 na slavnostn\u00edm stole nahrazovaly v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed stromek. Pomoc\u00ed rozkvetl\u00fdch v\u011btvi\u010dek se v\u011b\u0161tilo rovn\u011b\u017e v Doln\u00edm Rakousku.<\/p>\n

Jde ov\u0161em tak\u00e9 o zahajovac\u00ed den dlouh\u00e9 \u0159ady adventn\u00edch obch\u016fzek, jejich\u017e p\u016fvod spad\u00e1 a\u017e k oslav\u00e1m zimn\u00edho slunovratu, pro n\u011bj\u017e bylo charakteristick\u00fdm znakem p\u0159evl\u00e9k\u00e1n\u00ed do r\u016fzn\u00fdch lidsk\u00fdch i zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00edch podob. Na n\u011bkter\u00fdch m\u00edstech chod\u00edvala \u017eena p\u0159estrojen\u00e1 za \u201eBarborku\u201c s metlou \u010di \u0161t\u011btkou, kter\u00e1 stra\u0161ila d\u011bti, d\u00edvala se na p\u0159\u00edzi a odm\u011b\u0148ovala nebo trestala. Obvykle byla cel\u00e1 v b\u00edl\u00e9m, hlavu m\u011bla zahalenou a k tomu chodila je\u0161t\u011b v b\u00edl\u00fdch pun\u010doch\u00e1ch. Kdy\u017e vstoupila, nemluvila ani nepozdravila a v rohu u dve\u0159\u00ed za\u010dala l\u00ed\u010dit. To postupn\u011b zopakovala ve v\u0161ech koutech m\u00edstnosti. Ml\u010dky tak\u00e9 ode\u0161la. Na rozlou\u010denou jen v\u0161em podala ruku, d\u011bti neobdarov\u00e1vala, a kdy\u017e jim n\u011bco dala, rozhodn\u011b je to nepot\u011b\u0161ilo. M\u00edsto o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9 nad\u00edlky toti\u017e dost\u00e1valy pouze brambory, nakr\u00e1jenou \u0159epu a uhl\u00ed. Lid\u00e9 v\u011b\u0159ili, \u017ee chr\u00e1n\u00ed rodinu p\u0159ed n\u00e1hlou smrt\u00ed. Jindy p\u0159ich\u00e1zela s hus\u00ed peroutkou a tou smej\u010dila za almarami, pod v\u0161emi obr\u00e1zky a vyt\u00edrala pavu\u010dinky, co\u017e bylo nemil\u00e9 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm hospodyn\u00edm.<\/p>\n

Svat\u00e1 Barbora dr\u017eela lampi\u010dku, symbol \u017eivota, je\u017e se v tento den zapalovala. Zvyk se udr\u017eel mnohde a\u017e do dne\u0161n\u00edch dn\u016f. A my se po letech vrac\u00edme k tradici \u2013 zapalujeme \u201eBarbo\u0159ina sv\u011btla\u201c, stejn\u011b jako sv\u00edt\u00edvaly hav\u00ed\u0159sk\u00e9 kahany, v podob\u011b nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch lampi\u00f3n\u016f, lucerni\u010dek a sv\u00ed\u010dek.<\/p>\n

Oby\u010dej venkovsk\u00fdch poch\u016fzek se vyvinul z lidov\u00fdch her a divadeln\u00edch p\u0159edstaven\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se hr\u00e1la a\u017e do 18. stolet\u00ed na den svat\u00e9 Barbory. Rukopisy t\u011bchto her se dodnes dochovaly a jejich p\u0159edlohou byl \u017eivot sv\u011btice. Dev\u011btadvacet knofl\u00edk\u016f jako poctu svat\u00e9 Barbo\u0159e maj\u00ed na sv\u00e9 uniform\u011b horn\u00edci. Pr\u00e1v\u011b ve 29 letech jejich patronka zem\u0159ela mu\u010dednickou smrt\u00ed. T\u0159i knofl\u00edky z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed rozepnut\u00e9, tolik let pr\u00fd trp\u011bla ve v\u011bzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n

A jedna pov\u011bst ze \u0160umavy:<\/strong> Nedaleko Javorn\u00edku na \u0160umav\u011b se nach\u00e1z\u00ed kamenn\u00fd blok nad Nicovem. Lid\u00e9 ho pojmenovali Kr\u00e1lovsk\u00fdm kamenem (1059 m). Stejn\u011b tak i cel\u00fd vrch. Vypr\u00e1v\u00ed se tak\u00e9, \u017ee v bl\u00edzkosti kamene kvete jen o dni svat\u00e9 Barbory \u010darovn\u00fd kv\u011bt. Kdo kv\u011btinu najde, m\u016f\u017ee z\u00edskat velk\u00e9 bohatstv\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je zde ukryto. V jednom z balvan\u016f je vytes\u00e1na kapli\u010dka, datovan\u00e1 podle vytesan\u00e9ho n\u00e1pisu do roku 1899. Jin\u00e1 pov\u011bst vypr\u00e1v\u00ed, \u017ee zde kdysi st\u00e1val mocn\u00fd hrad. V n\u011bm slu\u017eebn\u00edci prahnouc\u00ed po moci zabili sv\u00e9ho kr\u00e1le. Ten je, d\u0159\u00edve ne\u017e skonal, proklel. Vysvobodit je a z\u00edskat hradn\u00ed bohatstv\u00ed, mu\u017ee jen ten, kdo najde \u010darovnou bylinu. O Valpru\u017eine noci se na vrcholu objevuje deska s letopo\u010dtem z\u00e1niku sv\u011bta. V ur\u010dit\u00e9 dob\u011b se odtud tak\u00e9 oz\u00fdv\u00e1 zvuk trubky ohla\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed nebezpe\u010d\u00ed.<\/em><\/p>\n

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Zdroj:<\/strong> EKERT Franti\u0161ek – C\u00edrkev v\u00edt\u011bzn\u00e1: \u017eivoty Svat\u00fdch a Sv\u011btic Bo\u017e\u00edch. 4. svazek. V Praze: N\u00e1kladem D\u011bdictv\u00ed sv. Jana Nepomuck\u00e9ho, 1899. TUMPACH, Josef, ed. a PODLAHA, Anton\u00edn, ed. \u010cesk\u00fd slovn\u00edk bohov\u011bdn\u00fd. D\u00edl 1., A-Bascape (se\u0161ity 1\u201321). Praha: Cyrillo-Method\u011bjsk\u00e1 knihtisk\u00e1rna a nakladatelstv\u00ed V. Kotrba, 1912.<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

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  Sv\u00e1tek <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":330350,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[111],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/01\/ram-svata-barbora.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/292765"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=292765"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/292765\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":330351,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/292765\/revisions\/330351"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/330350"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=292765"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=292765"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=292765"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}